This PPT was originally made by me for a school project. This presentation is a showcase of complete research, exact and to the point information, easy and understandable language. I hope this presentation on Hydropower plant and hydropower generation will help you. I have also attached the link of the project Thesis.you can also visit my profile to check for it. https://www.slideshare.net/SandipKumarSahoo/thesis-on-hydro-power-plant

1. HYDRO POWER
GENERATION
Submitted by-
SANDIP KUMAR SAHOO

2. INTRODUCTION
▪ One of the most widely used renewable source of
energy for generating electricity on large scale basis
is hydropower.
▪ The power obtained from river or ocean water is
called as hydropower.
▪ Hydropower is the renewable source of energy since
water is available in large quantities from rain, rivers,
and oceans and this is will be available for unlimited
time to come.

3. OBJECTIVE
▪ To reduce the greenhouse effect.
▪ To reduce the consumption of fossil fuels.
▪ To meet the challenge of increasing electricity
demand.
▪ To reduce the price of electricity.
▪ To provide electricity to every households of the
world.
▪ To gain knowledge about Hydroelectricity and the
history and future it can have.

4. WORKING PRINCIPLES OF HYDRO TURBINES
▪ In an impound facility the water is stored behind a
dam and there is a narrow opening to a tunnel
called penstock.
▪ Water pressure forces the water through the
penstock and onto the blades of a turbine.
▪ The turbine spins because of the force of the water.
▪ The turbine is connected to an electrical generator
inside the powerhouse. The generator produces
electricity that travels over long-distance power lines
to homes and businesses.
▪ The entire process is called hydroelectricity.

5. PARTS OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT
▪ The main parts of a hydroelectric power plant are
1. Dam
2. Spillway
3. Penstock and Tunnel
4. Surge Tank
5. Power Station

7. HYDRO POWER PLANTS
▪ There are three types of hydropower facilities:
1. Impoundment
2. Diversion
3. Pumped Storage

8. 1.IMPOUNDMENT
▪ It is the most common type of hydroelectric plant.
▪ It uses a dam to store river water in a reservoir.
▪ Water released from the reservoir flows through a
turbine, spinning it, which in turn activates a
generator to produce electricity.

10. 2. DIVERSION
▪ A diversion dam is a dam that diverts all or a portion
of the flow of a river from its natural course.
▪ These dams do not store water in a reservoir.

12. 3. PUMPED STORAGE
▪ When the demand for electricity is low, a pumped
storage facility stores energy by pumping water from
a lower reservoir to an upper reservoir.
▪ During periods of high electrical demand, the water
is released back to the lower reservoir to generate
electricity.
▪ Pump storage generation offers a critical back-up
facility during periods of excessive demand on the
national grid system.

14. SIZES, TYPES AND CAPACITY OF HYDROELECTRIC FACILITIES
▪ Facilities range in size from large power plants that supply
many consumers with electricity to small and micro plants that
individuals operate for their own energy needs or to sell power to
utilities.
▪ These are classified as
1. Large Facilities
2. Small Facilities
3. Micro Facilities
4. Pico Facilities
5. Underground Facilities

15. 1. LARGE FACILITIES
▪ Although no official definition exists for the capacity
range of large hydroelectric power stations, facilities
from over a few hundred megawatts are generally
considered large hydroelectric facilities.
▪ Currently, only four facilities over 10 GW (10,000
MW) are in operation worldwide.

16. 2.SMALL FACILITIES
▪ It serves a small community or industrial plant.
▪ Generating capacity is up to 10MW.
▪ Low environmental impact compared to large
hydroelectric plant.

17. 3. MICRO FACILITIES
▪ Generating capacity is up to 10 KW.
▪ These installations can provide power to an isolated
home or small community.
▪ Micro hydro systems complement photovoltaic solar
energy systems.

18. 4. PICO FACILITIES
▪ Generating capacity is 5 KW.
▪ It is useful in small, remote communities that require
only a small amount of electricity.

19. 5. UNDERGROUND FACILITY
▪ An underground power station is generally used at
large facilities and makes use of a large natural
height difference between two waterways, such as a
waterfall or mountain lake.

20. ADVANTAGES
1. Renewable energy
2. Running cost of the plant is low
3. Plant efficiency doesn’t change with age
4. No ash and flue gas problem and don’t pollute the
atmosphere
5. Can be used for flood control and irrigation
purpose
6. It takes few minutes to run and synchronize the
plant.

21. DISADVANTAGES
▪ Eco system damage and loss of land
▪ Methane Emission
▪ Relocation
▪ High Installation cost
▪ Fish killing
▪ Failure risks

22. CONCLUSION
▪ hydropower is sustainable and long lasting source of
energy. It has many disadvantages but still it
produces a great amount of electricity which is
helping us to fulfil the energy demand. The dams
can also be used for fishing, flood control and
irrigation purpose. All these advantages show the
importance of hydropower electricity which gives us
a solution for the problems of this boom and gloom
economy.