Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are illnesses that cannot be transmitted between people through vectors or contaminated objects. They have complex, non-contagious origins involving multiple risk factors like lifestyle choices, genetics, and environmental hazards. Common NCDs have risk factors such as tobacco and alcohol use, poor diet, obesity, high blood pressure, and physical inactivity. Managing these risk factors through a healthy diet, exercise, medical checkups, stress relief and quitting tobacco can help minimize the chances of developing NCDs.