good evening
this presentation has short and easy notes on the chapet WHY DO WE FALL ILL! for clas 9 {cbsc}
for any doubts comment or contact at manavsharma367@gmail.com
2. WHAT IS HEALTH ?
• HEALTH IS A STATE OF COMPLETE PHYSICAL ,MENTAL AND SOCIAL WELL BEING
• IT DEPENDS UPON FOLLOWING:
• 1.PROPER SANITATION
• 2.PURE CLEANING WATER
• 3.BALANCED DIET
• 4.SOCIAL EQUALITY ETC
3. WHAT IS DISEASE
• DISEASE MEANS NOT COMFORTABLE. ONE OR MORE SYSTEM OF BODY WILL CHANGE WILL GIVE RISE TO SYMPTOMS LIKE LOOSE
MOTIONS AND FEVER.
• CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES:
• PHYSICAL : CAUSED BY DAMAGE TO BODY PARTS . LIKE: FRACTURE
• MENTAL : CAUSED DUE TO BRAIN DAMAGE .LIKE: DEPRESSION
• DEFICIENCY : CAUSED BY INADEQUATE DIET. LIKE: MARASMUS
• INHERITED: CAUSED BY DEFECTIVE GENUS : LIKE : HAEMOPHILIA
• SOCIAL : CAUSED BY SOCIAL INTERACTION : LIKE: ALCOHOLISM
• INFECTIOUS : CAUSED BY ATTACK OF PATHOGENS: LIKE: TYPHOID
4. TYPE OF DISEASES
INFECTIOUS DISEASES NON INFECTIOUS DISEASES
1.THE DISEASES ARE BROUGHT BY EXTERNAL FACTORS 1. DISEASES ARE BROUGHT BY INTERNAL FACTORS
2.THE CAN BE TRANSMITTED 2. THEY CANNOT BE TRANSMITTED
3.DISEASES ARE CAUSED BY ATTACK OF PATHOGENS. 3. DISEASES ARE CAUSED BY OTHER FACTORS
4.EXAMPLE: COMMON COLD 4.EXAMPLE:GOITER
5. CHRONIC DISEASES AND ACUTE DISEASES
ACUTE DISEASES ARE THOSE DISEASES WHICH LAST FOR A SHORT PERIOD OF TIME AND THE PATIENT
COMPLETELY RECOVERS AFTER TREATMENT. THEY CAUSE A LONG TERM EFFECT.
WHEREAS
CHRONIC DISEASES ARE THOSE DISEASES WHICH LAST FOR A LONG TERM AND PATIENT MAY OR MAY NOT
COMPLETELY RECOVER AFTER TREATMENT. THEY DO NOT CAUSE A LONG TERM EFFECT.
6. CONGENITAL AND ACQUIRED DISEASES
CONGENITAL DISEASES ARE THOSE DISEASES WHICH ARE PRESENT FROM BIRTH . LIKE GENETIC DISORDER
AND
ACQUIRED DISEASES ARE THOSE DISEASES WHICH DEVELOP AFTER BIRTH LIKE :MARASMUS
7. MEANS OF SPREAD OF DISEASES
• AIR BORN DISEASES: DISEASES WHICH ARE TRANSMITTED THROUGH AIR ARE KNOWN AS AIR BORN
DISEASES
• WATER BORN DISEASES : DISEASES WHICH ARE CAUSED THROUGH WATER ARE CALLED WATER BORN
DISEASES
• VECTOR BORN DISEASES : DISEASES WHICH ARE CAUSED/TRANSMITTED THROUGH VECTORS FROM A
DISEASED PERSON TO A HEALTHY PERSON ARE CALLED AS VECTOR BORN DISEASES.
8. ANTIBIOTICS! AND HOW DO THEY WORK?
ANTIBIOTICS ARE CHEMICALS PRODUCED BY MICROORGANISMS WHICH ARE IN A VERY LITTLE
CONCENTRATION WHICH HAVE ABILITY TO DESTROY PATHOGENS.
SOME BACTERIA'S FORM A CELL WALL TO PROTECT THEMSELVES . ANTIBIOTICS BLOCK THEIR CHEMICAL
PROCESSES OF FORMING CELL WALL AND BLOCK THEIR BIOCHEMICAL PATHWAYS . IT IS HARDER TO MAKE
ANTIVIRAL MEDICINES THAN ANTIBACTERIAL MEDICINES BECAUSE VIRUSES HAVE A VERY FEW
BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISMS OF THEIR OWN. OTHER MEDICINES REDUCES PAIN OR BRING DOWN FEVER ETC
BUT TO CONSERVE ENERGY WE CAN TAKE BED REST.
9. TYPES OF ANITBIOTICS
• 1. BROAD SPECTRUM ANTIBIOTICS : THEY HELP TO KILL WIDE RANGE OF BACTERIA
• 2. NARROW SPECTRUM ANTIBIOTICS : THEY ARE EFFECTIVE AGAINST ONLY A FEW TYPES OF BACTERIA.
10. PRINCIPLES OF PREVENTION OF TREATMENT
• 1.PUBLIC HYGIENE IS ONE OF THE BASIC KEY TO THE PREVENTION OF DISEASES
• 2.ACESSS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER AND CLEAN ENVIRONMENT
• 3.DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNITY BY IMMUNISATION
• 4.AVAILABILITY OF PROPER AND SUFFICIENT FOOD FOR EVERYONE
11. IMPORTANT TERMS
• 1.PATHOGENS: A BACTERIUM, VIRUS, OR OTHER MICROORGANISM THAT CAN CAUSE DISEASE. IS KNOWN
AS A PATHOGEN.
• 2. IMMUNISATION: IT IS THE PROCESS IN WHICH A WEAK PATHOGEN IS INTRODUCED INTO THE BODY SO
THAT BODY CAN DEVELOP IMMUNITY AGAINST IT.
• 3.INFLAMMATION: THE AUTOMATIC RESPONSE OF THE BODY LIKE FEWER , SWELLING ETC TOWARDS AN
INFECTION IS KNOWN A INFLAMMATION.
