Bence Jones proteins are monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains that were first described in 1848 by English physician Henry Bence Jones. They are found in the urine of about 40% of patients with multiple myeloma, a blood cancer. Bence Jones proteins have a molecular weight of 22-24 kDa and can be detected in urine using a thermal test where the proteins precipitate between 40-60°C and dissolve again when boiled at 100°C. Their presence is diagnostic for multiple myeloma and other conditions and the urine test monitors the disease course.

1. BENCE JONES
PROTEIN
SANDHYA KUMARI

2. • The Bence Jones Protein was described by the english
physician Henry Bence Jones in 1847 and published in
1848.
• A Bence Jones Protein is a monoclonal globulin protein
or immunoglobulin light chains found in the urine, with a
molecular weight of 22-24 kDa.
• It is found in the blood or urine of about 40% of the
patients with multiple myeloma.
• The protein is polypeptide consisting of a light chain
type.

4. Causes of Bence Jones Proteins :
• Amyloidosis, benign monoclonal gammopathy,
Cryoglobulinemia, Fanconi syndrome,
hyperparathyroidism, multiple myeloma,
osteomalacia , Waldenstromm’s macroglobulinemia.
Test :
Thermal methods (waterbath) :
• Proteins has unusual property of percipitating at
(40˚C- 60˚C) & then dissolving when the urine is
brought to boiling (100˚C) & reappears when the
urine is cooled .

6. Clinical sign :
• The Bence Jones Protein urine test is used mainly to
diagnose test is used mainly to diagnose and
monitor multiple myeloma, a blood cancer .