Dr. Pandian M describes the procedure for performing a platelet count. Platelets serve important hemostatic functions and their normal range is 1.5-4 lakhs/cumm. The procedure involves mixing blood with a diluting fluid in a Neubauer chamber, then counting platelets in grid squares under a microscope. For the sample, 40 platelets were counted in 1/50 mm3, indicating a platelet count of 2 lakhs/mm3 of blood, within the normal range. Abnormally high or low platelet counts can occur due to various bone marrow and other disorders.

2. PLATELET COUNT
Dr. Pandian M
Dept. of Physiology
DYPMCKOP

3. MATERIALS:
• MICROSCOPE
• NEUBAUER’S CHAMBER
• PLATELET DILUTING FLUID (REES ECKER FLUID)
• RBC PIPETTE
• COTTON,SPRIT,LANCET

4. what is the functions of Platelets
• It serve four main functions in the body :
1. Temporary hemostasis
2. Clotting of blood
3. Phagocytosis of small particles and organisms, and
4. Storage and transport of chemicals

5. • Normal values – 1.5 to 4 lakhs / cumm.
• Average 2.59 lakhs / cumm.
• Size - Diameter : 2.5 μ (2 to 4 μ).
• Life span – 8 to 12 days.

6. REES ECKER FLUID:
Composition:
• Sodium citrate- prevents the coagulation, preserves
RBC,provides the necessary low specific gravity
• Formaline-act as fixative
• Distilled water-solvent
• Other fluid can used- 1% ammonium oxalate
RBC Diluting fluid we’re using here

7. PROCEDURE:
• Focus Neubauer’s chamber under low power
• Under aseptic precaution take a bold prick
• Suck blood up to 1 mark
• Followed by platelet diluting fluid up to 101
• Mix thoroughly by holding between palms
• Discard first 2 drops and charge the chamber
• Count the cells 4 corner square and 1 central square

9. Calculation
• Volume of small chamber = 1/5 x 1/5 x 1/10 = 1/250 mm3
• Total volume of 5 small chambers = 1/250 x 5 = 1/50 mm3
• Total number of cells = 9 + 6 + 8 + 9 + 8 = 40
• 1/50 mm3 of blood contains = 40 cells
• ∴ 1mm3 of blood will contain = 40 x 50 = 2000 cells
• Dilution factor = 1 in 100
• ∴ total number of cells = 2000 x 100
=200000
=2 lakh/ mm3 of blood
Result :- The platelet count is 2 lakh/mm3 of blood.

10. • THROMBOCYTOSIS –
Increase in the number of platelets above normal count
• Polycythemia vera,
• Iron deficiency anemia,
• Splenectomy,
• Bone marrow malignancy,
• After trauma e.g. Surgery, injury, child birth, etc.

11. • THROMBOCYTOPENIA-
Decrease in the no of platelets below normal count.
1. Bone marrow depression
2. Hypersplenism
3. Viral infections – e.g. dengue fever, it particularly attacks
platelets.
4. Drug hypersensitivity and etc.

12. Thrombocythemia- ??
• Glanzmann’s Thrombasthenia-?????
• Inherited hemorrhagic disorder,
• Caused by structural or functional abnormality of platelets.
• The platelet count is normal.
• It is characterized by normal clotting time, normal or
prolonged bleeding time but defective clot retraction.