For D Pharmacy students

1. Presented by- Rahul Jadhav
Anusaya Institute of Pharmacy, Swami-
chincholi, Daund, Pune.

2.  Fungi are heterotropic microorganisms.
 Differ from algae by lack of photosynthetic ability.
 Differ from protozoa by lack of motility and
possession of chitinous cell wall.
 Differ from bacteria by greater size and
possession of intracellular structure as nuclear
membrane and mitochondria.

3.  Disease caused by fungi is called as mycosis.
 Mycotic infection is divided in 3 groups -
a) Dermiatophytosis: superficial skin infection caused
by dermatophytes namely, epidermophyton,
microsporum, trichophyton.
Disease caused- Athlete's foot, ring worm of skin
hair and nail.
b) Candidiasis: Infection of skin and mucous
membrane.

4. Caused by- Candida Albicans
Disease caused- Candidiasis of skin, nails and
mucous membrane.
C) Certain saprophytes invade skin and causes
lymphatic, pulmonary and systemic mycoses.
Ingestion of saprophytic mushroom causes
gastrotoxic, neurotoxic and heamolytic disease.

5. A) Synthetic compounds :
1. Carboxylic acid and their metallic salts: eg.
Undecylenic acid, Zinc undacenonate.
2. Dyes: eg. Gentain (crystal) violet, Melachite green.
3. Phenolic compounds: eg. Salicylic acid.
4. Diamidines: eg. Stilbamidine
5. Thiocarbanilic acid derivatives: eg. Tolnaftate
6. Azoles: eg. Miconazole, Clotrimazole.

7. • Physical properties: Colourless / pale brownish
clear liquid / Yellowish white crystalline mass,
characteristic odour and insoluble in water and
suluble in alcohol and chloroform.
• Chemical properties:
1. KMnO4 solution decolourises, indicates presence
of double bond in compound.

8. 2. Neutralised by sodium hydroxide giving sodium
undecenoate.
• Stability and storage: Affected by light, hence
stored in tightly closed light-resistant containers.
• Uses:
1. Used as fungicidal.
2. Used internally in treatment of - psoriasis, neuro
dermatitis.

9. • Pharmaceutical formulations:
 Compound undecylenic acid ointment
 Zinc undacenonate dusting powder
• Brand names: Mycota, Tineafex.

10. • Physical properties:
White to creamy-white powder, odourless /
slight odour, insoluble in water, slightly soluble in
alcohol but freely soluble in chloroform.
• Stability and storage: Stored in tightly closed
containers.
• Uses:
 It is topical antifungal used to treat various types
of ringworms.

11.  Also effective against skin infections.
 In combination with griseofulvin used for
systemic infections.
• Pharmaceutical formulations:
 Tolnaftate topical solutions, Topical aerosol.
 Tolnaftate powder, cream, gel.
• Brand names: Tanacidal, Multiderm, Mycil.

12. • Physical properties: Yellow to light brown powder,
cereal like odour, slightly soluble in water and
alcohol and hygroscopic in nature.
• Stability and storage: It is hygroscopic, affected by
room temperature, light and air, hence stored in
tightly closed light-resistant containers, temp. not
exceeding 5° c.

13. • Uses:
 Used to treat Candidiasis of skin and mucous
membrane.
 For treat. of intestinal and oesophageal
Candidiasis.
 For Candidiasis of mouth.
 For Candidiasis of vagina.

14. • Pharmaceutical formulations:
 Nystatin tablet, cream, oral suspension.
 Nystatin ointment, eye drops, lotion, topical
powders.
 Nystatin pesseries, vaginal tablets.
 Nystatin and triamcinolone ointment.
• Brand names: Nystan, Nystadermal, Nystaform.

15. • Physical properties: Yellow to orange powder,
odourless, almost tasteless. Insoluble in water
and alcohol but soluble in dimethyl sulphoxide &
propelene glycol.
• Chemical properties:
 When treated with phosphoric acid, produces
deep blue colour.

16. • Stability and storage: Affected by light, air & room
temp. Hence stored in tightly closed light-
resistant containers at temp. 2°c to 10° c.
• Uses:
 Effective against Mycotic infections including
Candidiasis, blastomycocis, aspergillosis,
phycomycosis, sporotrichosis,
coccidioidomycosis.

17.  Used in treatment of -
- Mucocutaneous, Cutaneous leishmaniasis and
Candidiasis.
- Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis.
- Cryptococcal meningitis in combo with
flucytosine.
 Used for suppression of oral and intestinal
Candidiasis.
• Pharmaceutical formulations:
 Amphotericin B cream, lotion, lozenges, ointment,

18. • Brand names: Fungizone, Fungilin.
5) Hamycin (Primamycin):
• Physical properties: Yellow amorphous powder,
Insoluble in water and chloroform and soluble in
pyridine and amphoteric in nature.

19. • Chemical properties: When treated with conc.
Sulphuric acid, gives stable blue colour.
• Stability and storage: Affected by light and air,
hence stored in tightly closed light-resistant
containers.
• Uses:
 As antifungal and antitrichomonal activity.
 Used topically and orally in vaginal infections.

20. • Pharmaceutical formulations:
 Hamycin ointment
 Hamycin vaginal tablets
• Brand names: Imprina.