Zanamivir is an antiviral drug used to treat and prevent influenza A and B. It works by inhibiting the neuraminidase protein of the influenza virus, preventing it from spreading between cells. Common side effects include weakness, headache, fever, cough, runny nose and sore throat, which may be reduced by 1 to 1.5 days with treatment. It is administered through oral inhalation twice daily for 5 days for treatment or once daily for prevention.

3. Generic Name:
Zanamivir
Brand Name/S: :
Relenza
Company:
GlaxoSmithKline

5. Zanamivir is used in
the treatment of the
infection caused by
the flu virus (influenza
A and influenza B).
This medicine may
also be used to
prevent
and
treat
swine influenza A.

6. Zanamivir
may
reduce flu symptoms
(weakness,
headache,
fever,
cough,
runny
or
stuffy nose, and sore
throat) by 1 to 1.5
days.

7. Zanamivir may not
be for you if you are
severely sick or
have a breathing
problem
(e.g.,
asthma or chronic
obstructive
pulmonary disease).

9. Usual Adult Dose for
Influenza
•10 mg (2 inhalations)
inhaled orally twice a day
(12 hours apart) for 5
days

10. Usual Adult Dose for
Influenza Prophylaxis
•10 mg (2 inhalations)
inhaled orally once a day

12. The
proposed
mechanism of action of
zanamivir
is
via
inhibition of influenza
virus
neuraminidase
with the possibility of
alteration
of
virus
particle aggregation and
release.

13. By
binding
and
inhibiting
the
neuraminidase protein,
the drug renders the
influenza virus unable to
escape its host cell and
infect others.

16. Influenza A Virus
•causes influenza in
birds
and
some mammals
•cause severe disease
both in domestic poultry
and, rarely, in humans
•transmitted from wild
aquatic
birds
to
domestic poultry

17. Influenza B Virus
•infect
humans
and
seals
giving
them influenza
•evolve slower than A
viruses
•mutates enough that
lasting immunity is not
possible

19. FDA: Termination of
Declarations
of
Emergency Justifying
Emergency
Use
Authorization (EUA) of
Certain Antiviral Drugs
Zanamivir,
Oseltamivir Phosphate,
and Peramivir

20. ROCKVILLE, Md., June
23, 2010--The FDA has
posted on its web site
letters that announce
the
termination
of
declarations for
the
emergency
use
antiviral
drugs
Zanamivir, Oseltamivir
Phosphate, etc

21. The
declarations
described will terminate
when the Public Health
Emergency
determination for 2009
H1N1 influenza expires
on June 23, 2010.

23. GENERIC NAME:
FAMCICLOVIR
BRAND NAME/S:
U.S. :
Famvir®
Canadian:
Apo- Famciclovir®
CO Famciclovir
Famvir®
PMS Famciclovir
Sandoz-Famciclovir

25. Famvir (famciclovir) is
an antiviral drug that
slows the growth and
spread of the herpes
virus so that the body
can
fight
off
the
infection.

26. Famvir is used to treat
infections caused by
herpes
viruses,
including
genital
herpes, cold sores, and
shingles.

27. FAMVIR for Cold Sores
are white, oval, filmcoated tablets with "FV
500" on one side.
Each carton contains 3
tablets in a blister pack
with 'FAMVIR famciclovir
500mg printed on the
foil backing

29. Tablets: 125, 250, and
500
mg
storage:
famciclovir should be
stored
at
room
temperature, 15-30 C
(59-86 F).

30. DOSING: may be taken
with or without food.
The
recommended
doses are:
•Recurrent
genital
herpes: 1,000 mg every
12 hours for one day.
•Recurrent cold sores:
1,500 mg as a single
dose

31. •Suppression
of
recurrent
genital
herpes: 250 mg twice
daily.
•Shingles: 500 mg every
8 hours for 7 days.
•HIV-infected
patients
(cold sores or genital
herpes): 500 mg twice
daily for 7 days.

33. Famciclovir
undergoes
rapid biotransformation to
the
active
antiviral
compound
penciclovir,
which
has
inhibitory
activity against herpes
simplex virus types 1
(HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2) and
varicella
zoster
virus
(VZV).

34. In cells infected with HSV1, HSV-2 or VZV, viral
thymidine
kinase
phosphorylates
penciclovir
to
a
monophosphate
form
that, in turn, is converted
to
penciclovir
triphosphate by cellular
kinases

35. In
vitro
studies
demonstrate
that
penciclovir triphosphate
inhibits
HSV-2
DNA
polymerase competitively
with
deoxyguanosine
triphosphate.
Consequently,
herpes
viral DNA synthesis and,
therefore, replication are
selectively inhibited.

36. Penciclovir triphosphate
has an intracellular halflife of 10 hours in HSV-1-,
20 hours in HSV-2-and 7
hours in VZV-infected cells
grown
in
culture.
However,
the
clinical
significance
of
the
intracellular half-life is
unknown.

39. Herpes simplex virus 1
(HSV-1)
-oral sores
•causes sores around the
mouth and lips
•sometimes called fever
blisters or cold sores.

40. Herpes simplex virus 2
(HSV-2)
•genital sores
•sores
around
the
genitals or rectum
•Although HSV-2 sores
may occur in other
locations, these sores
usually are found below
the waist.

44. Varicella Zoster Virus
(VZV)
•chickenpox virus
•varicella virus
•zoster virus
• human herpes virus
type 3 (HHV-3).

45. •causes chickenpox and
herpes zoster (shingles).
•Chickenpox
follows
initial exposure to the
virus and is typically
relatively mild, and selflimiting
with
a
characteristic exanthem,
but
can
become
disseminated.