This document discusses cluster computing and provides details on key topics such as: - What a cluster is and how it links multiple computers together for parallel processing. - The different types of clusters including high availability, load balancing, and parallel/distributed processing clusters. - The components that make up a cluster including cluster nodes and network. - Classifications of clusters as open or closed. - Applications of clusters such as compute intensive tasks, data intensive tasks, and transaction intensive tasks. - Benefits of using cluster computing such as great processing power, availability, expandability, reliability and cost efficiency.

1. CLUSTER COMPUTING
(COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE AND PARALLEL PROCCESING)
RAGURAM R.(18MU35)
M.E- EMBEDDED AND REAL-TIME SYSTEMS
PSG COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
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2. OVERVIEW:
 WHAT IS CLUSTER?
 STAND ALONE SERVER/STANDARD SERVER
 SERVER WITH REDUNDANCY
 WAYS OF CLUSTERS
 TYPES OF CLUSTERS
 CLUSTER COMPONENTS
 CLASSIFICATIONS OF CLUSTER
 APPLICATIONS OF CLUSTERS
 BENEFITS OF CLUSTERS
 CONCLUSION
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3. WHAT IS CLUSTER?
 Cluster computing is the technique of linking two or more computers into a network in
to take advantage of the parallel processing power of those computers.
 Clusters are commonly connected through fast local area networks.
 In cluster computing each node within a cluster is an independent system, with its own
operating system, private memory, and, in some cases, its own file system.
 Cluster computing can used as a relatively low- cost form of parallel processing for scientific
and other applications that lend themselves to parallel operations.
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4. STAND ALONE SERVER/STANDARD SERVER:
 Stand alone server means there is only one OS and other components to service the work
the clients.
 Client can use the server with the help of IP address.
 Main disadvantage of this as if any fault in any components clients cant make use of it.
NETWORK
SWITCH
192.28.2.1
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5. SERVER WITH REDUNDANCY:
 Buying a server with redundant power supply
 Configuring the hardware raid and installing it in our OS
 Having a multiple network cards configured teaming or bonding with single in it
Advantages:
Any one component goes down other one helps the client to access.
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6. WAYS OF CLUSTERS:
There are two ways of clusters
 Manual cluster
 Automatic cluster
Manual cluster:
We will have some down time to bring up the other node with same data and IP
address. Manually we changed the server.
Automatic cluster:
It automatically changed the server once it detect faults with the help of s/w such as
Red hat linux native clusture, Veritas clutser, IBM AIX based Cluster
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7. TYPES OF CLUSTERS:
There are three types of clusters,
 High Availability or FailoverClusters
 Load Balancing Cluster
 Parallel/Distributed Processing Clusters
1.HIGH AVAILABILITY OR FAILOVERCLUSTERS:
 It is also called as active-passive cluster.
 It is a group of host that acts like single system and provide continuous up time.
 These clusters are designed to provide uninterrupted availability of data or services to the
end-user community.
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8. LOAD BALANCING CLUSTER:
 This type of cluster distributes incoming requests for resources or content among multiple
nodes running the same programs or having the same content.
 Both the high availability and load-balancing cluster technologies can be combined to
increase the reliability, availability, and scalability of application and data resources that are
widely deployed for web, mail, news, or FTP services.
 Every node in the cluster is able to handle requests for the same content or application.
 This type of distribution is typically seen in a web-hosting environment.
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9. PARALLEL/DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING CLUSTERS
• parallel processing was performed by multiple processors in a specially designed parallel
computer.
• These are systems in which multiple processors share a single memory and bus interface
within a single computer.
• These types of cluster increase availability, performance, and scalability for applications,
particularly computationally or data intensive tasks.
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10. CLUSTER COMPONENTS:
The basic building blocks of clusters are broken down into multiple categories:
 Cluster Nodes
 Cluster Network
 Network Characterization
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11. CLASSIFICATIONS OF CLUSTER:
 Open cluster
 Close cluster
OPEN CLUSTURE:
All node can be seen from outside, hence it required more IP’s and security concern. But
they are more flexible and used for internet or web server task[1].
CLOSE CLUSTER:
Hide most of the cluster behind the gateway node. Consequently they need less IP’s and
provides better security. These are good for computing task[2].
1.Open clusture 2.close clusture
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12. APPLICATIONS OF CLUSTERS:
There are three primary categories of applications that use parallel clusters:
1.Compute IntensiveApplication.
2.Data or I/O IntensiveApplications.
3.Transaction IntensiveApplications.
Some other applications are,
 Earthquake simulation.
 Google Search Engine
 Image Rendring
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13. BENEFITS OF CLUSTERS:
 Great processing power
 Availability
 Expandability‘
 Reliability
 Cost efficient
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14. CONCLUSION:
 Cluster computing offers a comparatively cheap alternative to large server main frame
computer solutions.
 Cluster based super computer seen everywhere in now a days
 New trends in H/w & S/W technologies are likely to make clusters more promising
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15. Thank you……
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