The document discusses the anatomy of the carpal bones. It describes that the carpus is made up of 8 bones arranged in two rows, with the proximal row containing the scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, and pisiform bones and the distal row containing the trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate bones. Each bone has a distinct shape that aids in identification: the scaphoid is boat shaped, lunate is half moon shaped, etc. The document also notes clinical points like how a scaphoid fracture is common from a fall on an outstretched hand and may cause avascular necrosis if blood supply is deprived.

1. Carpal Bone Anatomy
Part-4
BY PURVI SHAH
B.P.T

2. Carpal Bones
Carpus is made up of 8 carpal bones; Which are arranged in
two rows.
1.The proximal row contains {from lateral to medial}
Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetral, Pisiform
2.The distal row contains in same order;
Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate

4. Identification Of Carpal Bones
Scaphoid bone is boat shape.
Lunate bone is half moon shape.
Triquetral bone is pyramidal shape.
Pisiform bone is pea shape.
Trapezium bone is quadrangular shape.
Trapezoid bone is shoe of a baby.
Hamate bone is wedge shape.

5. General Points
The proximal row is convex proximally and concave distally.
The distal row is convex proximally and flat distally.
Each bone has six surfaces.

6. Specific Points
Scaphoid; tubercle is laterally, forward & downward.
Lunate; semicircular surface for scaphoid is on lateral side.
Triquetral; medial & dorsal surfaces are continuous, non articular.
Pisiform; oval facet for triquetral lies on proximal part of the dorsal
surface.
Trapezium; palmar surface has a vertical groove for the tendon of FCR.

7. Specific Points
Trapezoid; distal articular surface is bigger than proximal.
Hamate; hook projects from distal part of the palmar surface.

8. Attachments
Tubercle of scaphoid- flexor retinaculum, abductor pollicis brevis.
Pisiform- FCU, abductor digiti minimi, flexor and extensor
retinaculum.
 Trapezium; abductor pollicis brevis, FPB, FCR, flexor retinaculum.
Hamate; FDM, opponens digiti minimi.

10. Clinical Anatomy
Fracture of scaphoid is common;
Caused by FOOSH
Clinical Features: tenderness
swelling in the anatomical snuff box
pain
NOTE: Fracture may deprive the proximal half of bone of its blood
supply leading to avascular necrosis.

12. Clinical Anatomy
Dislocation of lunate may be produced by a fall on the acutely
dorsiflexed hand with forearm flexed.
This displaces the lunate anteriorly causing carpal tunnel
syndrome.

13. Thank you