Reversing Generator Armature Reaction and EV Regenerative Braking

3/25/2018
TEST DATA AND BLACK BOX SYSTEM EFFICIENCIES
GENERATOR ARMATURE REACTION REVERSAL &
ELECTRIC VEHICLE REGENERATIVE BRAKING REVERSAL
TECHNOLOGY INNOVATIONS
POTENTIAL +/-
DIFFERENCE INC.
REGENX GENERATOR, BI-TOROID TRANSFORMER &
EV REGENERATIVE ACCELERATION GENERATOR

REGENX GENERATOR, BI-TOROID TRANSFORMER & EV REGENERATIVE ACCELERATION GENERATOR
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Table of Contents
Page 4 – Introduction to the Technology Innovations
Page 5 - Induction Motor Prime Mover: Current, Torque, Speed,
Characteristics
Page 6 - Generator Prototype No. 1
Page 7 – Conventional Generator Photo Data, Prototype No. 1
Page 8 - Table 1 Conventional Generator Recorded and Calculated Test
Data
Page 9 – ReGenX Generator Photo Data Prototype No. 1
Page 11 - Table 2 Recorded Data ReGenX Generator Coil #1 and Coil #2
Page 12 - Load Current Sine Waves Conventional Generator and ReGenX Generator
Page 13 - Table 3 Recorded Data ReGenX Generator Load Current Sine Wave Delay
Page 14 – Data Summary Conventional Generator Coil and ReGenX Generator Coils
Page 15 – Generator Transformer Prototype No. 2
Page 16 – Bi-Toroid Transformer (BiTT) Innovation Introduction
Page 18 - Conventional Transformer Photo Data Prototype No. 2
Page 19 - Table 4 Recorded and Calculated Test Data Conventional Toroid Transformer

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Page 20 – Bi-Toroid Transformer Photo Data Prototype No. 2
Page 21 - Table 5 Recorded and Calculated Data Bi-Toroid Transformer Prototype No. 2
Page 23 - Table 6 Recorded Data and Calculated Conventional Transformer and Bi-Toroid Transformer Primary
Power Factor
Page 24 - Data Summary Conventional Transformer and Bi-Toroid Transformer
Page 27 - EV Regenerative Acceleration (ReGenX) Ebike Integration Prototype No. 3
Page 28 – Photo Dta EV Regenerative Acceleration Ebike Integration Regenerative Acceleration Mode
Page 29 - Photo Data EV Regenerative Acceleration Ebike Integration Regenerative Braking Mode
Page 30 – Table 7 EV Regenerative Acceleration Ebike Regenerative Acceleration and Regenerative Braking
Page 31 - “Black Box” Efficiency Data Calculations Mechanical to Electrical Conversion Efficiencies
Page 33 - Table 8 Calculated Data Black Box System Efficiency Conventional Generator and Conventional Toroid
Transformer
Page 34 - Table 9 Calculated Data Black Box System Efficiency ReGenX Generator and Bi-Toroid Transformer
Page 35 - Table 10 Calculated Data Black Box System Efficiency Conventional Generator and ReGenX Generator
Page 36 - Table 11 Calculated Data Black Box System Efficiency Conventional Transformer and Bi-Toroid
Transformer
Page 37 – Table 12 Data and Efficiency Summaries ReGenX Generator and Bi-Toroid Transformer
Page 38 – Conclusions
Page 39 - Addendum

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Introduction This presentation contains three innovation prototypes and their performance test data:
1) ReGenX Generator, Prototype No. 1 US Patent No. US 20140111054
2) Bi-Toroid Transformer, Prototype No. 2 US Patent No. US 9,230,730 B2
3) Electric Vehicle (EV) Regenerative Acceleration (ReGenX) Generator, Prototype No. 3
The ReGenX Generator is proven to reverse Generator Armature Reaction by introducing a Load Current Delay into the generator’s
performance. Generator Armature Reaction accounts for 80% of the cost associated with electric power generation and 80% of the Greenhouse
Gas emissions from fossil fuel electric power generation and 80% of the nuclear waste from nuclear power generation. Generator Armature
Reaction manifests itself in electric vehicles (EV) as regenerative braking, i.e. battery recharging and vehicle deceleration. Generator Armature
Reaction is a Counter-Electromagnetic-Torque which is produced inside all electric generators when the generator is placed on-load and when
electric power is delivered to the load. Generator Armature Reaction’s Counter-Electromagnetic-Induced-Torque works in opposition and
reduces the drive shaft torque supplied by the prime mover. Generator Armature Reaction produces system deceleration and the greater the
magnitude of Load Current delivered by the generator to the load, the greater the magnitude of the Induced Magnetic Field produced around
the current bearing wires which make up the generator coils. The greater the magnitude of generator Load Current, the greater the magnitude
of Counter-Electromagnetic-Torque produced (and system deceleration) - the more the input power to the prime mover must be increased in
order to overcome the generator’s Counter-Electromagnetic-Torque. The ReGenX Generator and Bi-Toroid Transformer technology innovations
use the exact same induced magnetic fields (albeit delayed in the time domain) to accelerate the system on-load and produce a Complementary-
Electromagnetic-Torque, rater than decelerating it via the Counter-Electromagnetic-Torque. The ReGenX Generator and Bi-Toroid Transformer
technology innovations both require a decrease in on-load prime mover input rather than an increase.
ReGenX Generator, Prototype No.1 is designed demonstrate conventional generator operation, i.e. conventional Generator Armature Reaction,
Counter-Electromagnetic-Torque, on-load system deceleration. ReGenX Generator Prototype No.1 is also designed to demonstrate how the
ReGenX Generator’s Load Current Delay reverses the conventional generator’s Armature Reaction and produces a Complementary-
Electromagnetic-Torque, on-load system acceleration and the resulting on-load prime mover input power reduction. Prototype No.1 also
introduces the concept of Flux Harvesting. Flux Harvesting is employed in the ReGenX generator, Bi-Toroid Transformer and the ReGen-X Motor.
Prototype No. 2 is designed to demonstrate conventional transformer performance and conventional Generator Armature Reaction and how
the Bi-Toroid Transformer reverses it. The Bi-Toroid Transformer, Prototype No. 2 is designed to demonstrate Bi-Toroid Transformer operation
and Generator Armature Reaction reversal, i.e on-load system acceleration and prime mover input power reduction.
Prototype No. 3 represents the mature ReGenX IP and is designed to demonstrate Electric Vehicle Regenerative Acceleration; how the
ReGenX Generator innovation can be integrated into an EV and provide EV Regenerative Acceleration (EV regenerative braking reversal) – EV
battery recharging with EV acceleration.

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All independent tests data collections are performed from an initial No-Load Steady State Rotational Equilibrium condition where the net
Drive Shaft Torque and Power are both zero.
All recorded Test Data is acquired by Photo Data which is then transcribed in the appropriate table(s).
Prototype No. 1 and Prototype No. 2 both employ induction motor prime movers. The induction motor Current, Torque, Speed, characteristics
are provided below. Prototype No. 1 and No. 2 are both operated near Full-Load condition where the Current, Torque and Power Factor curves
are relatively linear.

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ReGenX Generator Prototype No. 1 E Core Coil Design
Prototype No. 1 employs a single conventional Salient Pole generator coil and a two
Salient Pole ReGenX Generator coils which are would on the same E Core.
The conventional generator coil is used to deliver electrical output power to the load
and establish conventional generator performance, i.e.:
1. On-load Generator Armature Reaction (Generator Magnetic Field induced
Counter-Electromagnetic-Torque/System Deceleration) and
2. to establish the conventional generator coil’s Load Current sine wave which
can be observed on an oscilloscope.
3. The conventional generator coil’s load current sine wave is used to establish
the rotor magnets relative position to the coil’s core.
The ReGenX Generator coils are employed to establish ReGenX Generator
performance, i.e.:
4. To reverse the conventional generator’s on-load
Generator Armature Reaction/system deceleration,
5. to produce an on-load delayed Magnetic Field,
induced Complementary-Electromagnetic-Torque/System Acceleration,
6. to demonstrate Flux Harvesting,
7. to establish the ReGenX Generator Coils’
Load Current Delay which can be observed
simultaneously on the oscilloscope with the
conventional generator coil’s non-delayed
load current sine wave.
Prototype No. 1 employs an induction motor
prime mover, a tachometer and power analyzer
to monitor prime mover input power variations
from the steady state, equilibrium no-load conditions.
Figure 1 Prototype No. 1.

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No-Load Conventional Generator
All photo test data recorded in Table 1
FIGURE 2 No-Load, Steady State/Dynamic Equilibrium:
Prototype No. 1 is brought up to a no-load steady state speed of 3482 RPM. A rotational
equilibrium condition is established where the net drive shaft torque is zero and the
mechanical drive shaft input power to the generator is also zero.
On-Load Conventional Generator
FIGURE 3 Generator Output Power:
The conventional generator coil is placed on-load and delivers 11.4 Watts to the purely resistive
load.
FIGURE 4 On-Load Reduced Steady State/Dynamic Equilibrium:
On-load Generator Armature Reaction decelerates the prime mover and the prime mover
induction motor responds by consuming additional stator current and power. Additional torque
is delivered to the generators drive shaft by the prime mover.
11.4 Watts is delivered to the load by the conventional generator and 18 Watts is required by
the prime mover over the steady state no-load condition.
 Conventional Generator Electrical Output = 11.4 Watts
 Prime Mover Input Power Increase = + 18 Watts
 On-Load System Speed Reduction = -23 RPM
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 4

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CONVENTIONAL GENERATOR Prototype No. 1 E Core Coil Design
Test Data Collection Date: March 22th
, 2018
Test Data Collector Name/Organization: Peter Selwyn, Electronics Technologist, Field Service Applications Engineer
Test Data Collection Location: Almonte ON
Table 1 Recorded and Calculated Test Data CONVENTIONAL GENERATOR:
Generator
Condition
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Voltage
(Volts)
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Current
(Amps)
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Power
Factor
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Power
(Watts)
System
Equilibrium
Speed
Drive Shaft NET
Torque = Zero
(RPM)
Conventional
Generator
OUTPUT
(Volts)
Conventional
Generator
OUTPUT
Current
(Amps)
Load
Power
Factor
Calculated
Conventional
Generator
OUTPUT
Load Power
(Watts)
Calculated
Prime Mover
On-Load
INPUT INCREASE
(Watts)
No-Load 111.6 1.51 0.93 156 3482 - - - - -
On-Load 111.5 1.68 0.93 174 3459 10.8 1.051 1 11.4 +18
Observation Notes: When the conventional generator coil is placed on-load from the steady state, no-load rotational equilibrium condition the
generator delivers electrical output power to the load and the generator decelerates the system due to Generator Armature Reaction and
additional input power is supplied by the prime mover.
Test Data Collector Signature/Date: ____________________________________________________________________________

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No-Load ReGenX Generator
FIGURE 5:
On-Load ReGenX Generator Coil #1
FIGURE 6:
The ReGenX Generator coil # 1 is placed on-load 13.0 Watts to the purely resistive load.
FIGURE 7:
On-load ReGenX Generator accelerates the prime mover and the prime mover induction motor
responds by consuming a reduction in stator current and a reduction in power and reduced
torque is delivered to the generators drive shaft by the prime mover.
13.3 Watts is delivered to the load by the ReGenX Generator coil #1 and a 4 Watt reduction is
realized by the prime mover over the no-load steady state condition.
 ReGenX Generator Coil #1 Electrical Output = 13.0 Watts
 Prime Mover Input Power Reduction = - 4 Watts
 On-Load System Speed Increase = +8 RPM
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 7

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On-Load ReGenX Generator Coil #1 & Coil #2
FIGURE 8:
The ReGenX Generator coil # 2 is also placed on-load and delivers a total of 13.2 Watts to the
purely resistive load.
FIGURE 9:
On-load ReGenX Generator accelerates the prime mover and the prime mover induction
motor responds by consuming a reduction in stator current and power, a reduction in torque
is delivered to the generators drive shaft by the prime mover.
13.2 Watts is delivered to the load by the ReGenX Generaor coil #1 and Coil #2 and an 8 Watt
reduction is realized by the prime mover over the steady state no-load condition.
 ReGenX Generator Coil #1 Electrical OUTPUT = 13.2 Watts
 Prime Mover Input Power Reduction = - 8 Watts
 System Speed Increase = +13 RPM
ReGenX Generator Flux Harvesting
The discharging Delayed Magnetic Flux from the ReGenX Generator coils serves several
important functions:
1. It accelerates the on-load generator’s permanent magnet rotor (rotating magnetic field),
2. which accelerates the prime mover,
3. which reduces the prime mover’s on-load current and power consumption,
4. the discharging magnetic flux is collected in the conventional generator coil’s core,
5. which increases the core’s net flux change, thus increasing the induced voltage, current and power delivered across the load.
FIGURE 8
FIGURE 9

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Table 2 Recorded Data ReGenX GENERATOR Coil #1 & Coil #2:
Generator
Condition
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Voltage
(Volts)
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Current
(Amps)
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Power
Factor
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Power
(Watts)
System
Equilibrium
Speed
Drive Shaft NET
Torque = Zero
(RPM)
ReGenX
Generator
OUTPUT
(Volts)
ReGenX
Generator
OUTPUT
Current
(Amps)
Load
Power
Factor
Calculated
ReGenX
Generator
OUTPUT
Load Power
(Watts)
Calculated
Prime Mover
On-Load
INPUT
DECREASE
(Watts)
No-Load 111.6 1.51 0.93 156 3482 - - - - -
Coil #1
On-Load 112.1 1.49 0.91 149 3490 11.8 1.10 1 13.0 -4
Coil #2
On-Load 112.3 1.48 0.91 148 3495 11.9 1.11 1 13.2 -13
Observation Notes: When the ReGenX Generator coils are placed on-load from the steady state, no-load rotational equilibrium condition the
ReGenX Generator coils deliver power to the load, the ReGenX Generator coils accelerate the system due to Generator Armature Reaction
reversal and a reduction in input power is realized by the prime mover. The more power delivered to the load in ReGenX Generator,
Regenerative Acceleration Mode, the more the system is accelerated and the more the prime mover input power consumption is reduced.
Discharging magnetic flux by the ReGenX Generator coil accelerates the system and instantaneously increases the voltage, current and power
delivered to the load by the conventional generator coil due to Flux Harvesting (i.e. not related to system speed increase)

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Load Current Sine Waves
On-Load Load Current Sine Waves
Conventional Generator Coil and ReGenX Generator Coils
FIGURE 10:
The load current sine wave for the conventional coil (Green) is
displayed on the oscilloscope and the Delayed Load Current for the
ReGenX Generator Coil #1(Purple) is also shown.
Figure 11:
The load current sine wave for the conventional coil (Green) is
displayed on the oscilloscope and the Delayed Load Current for the
ReGenX Generator Coil #1 and Coil #2 (Purple) is also shown.
FIGURE 10
FIGURE 11

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Table 3 Recorded Data ReGenX GENERATOR Load Current Sine Wave Delay:
Generator Condition ReGenX Generator
Coil 1
Load Current Delay
(Degrees)
ReGenX Generator
Coil 2
Load Current Delay
(Degrees)
On-Load 47 degrees 108 degrees

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Data Summary Conventional Generator Coil and ReGenX Generator Coils
Table 1 & 2 Recorded and Calculated Data Summary CONVENTIONAL GENERATOR Coil and ReGenX GENERATOR Coil #1 & Coil #2:
Generator
Type
and
Generator
Condition
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Voltage
(Volts)
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Current
(Amps)
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Power
Factor
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Power
(Watts)
System
Equilibrium
Speed
Drive Shaft NET
Torque = Zero
(RPM)
On-Load
System
Speed
Response
Decrease/
Increase
(RPM)
Generator
OUTPUT
(Volts)
Generator
OUTPUT
Current
(Amps)
Load
Power
Factor
Calculated
Generator
OUTPUT
Load
Power
(Watts)
Calculated
Prime Mover
On-Load
Response
INPUT
Increase/
Decrease
(Watts)
No-Load 111.6 1.51 0.93 156 3482 - - - - - -
Conventional
Generator
On-Load
111.5 1.68 0.93 174 3459 Decrease
-23
10.8 1.051 1 11.4 +18
ReGenX
Generator
Coil #1
On-Load
112.1 1.49 0.91 149 3490 Increase
+31
11.8 1.10 1 13.0 -4
Coil #2
On-Load 112.3 1.48 0.91 148 3495 Increase
+36
11.9 1.11 1 13.2 -13

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Bi-Toroid Transformer Prototype No. 2 C Core Coil Design
Prototype No. 2 employs a single ReGenX Generator coil and a conventional toroid
transformer and a Bi-Toroid transformer.
The conventional transformer is used to demonstrate conventional transformer
performance, i.e:
1. On-Load Generator Armature Reaction (Generator Magnetic Field induced
Counter-Electromagnetic-Torque / System Deceleration) and
2. the load’s purely resistive Power Factor influence on the conventional
transformer’s primary coil.
The Bi-Toroid Transformer is employed to:
3. Reverse Generator Armature Reaction, to produce an on-load delayed
(Magnetic Field induced Complementary-Electromagnetic-Torque / System Acceleration)
4. to establish the load’s purely resistive Power Factor reduced influence on the
Bi-Toroid Transformer’s primary coil.
Prototype No. 2 employs an induction motor prime mover and a tachometer and power
analyzer to monitor prime mover input power variations from the steady state, equilibrium
no-load conditions.
Figure 12 ReGenX Generator and Prime Mover
Figure 13 Conventional Toroid Transformer
Figure 14 Bi-Toroid Transformer
Schematic Diagram 2. ReGenX Generator Coil and Transformer Test Setup

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Bi-Toroid Transformer
(BiTT) Innovation
Introduction
Figure 14
Bi-Toroid Transformer Construction
The Bi-Toroid Transformer is
constructed with a single primary coil
and two secondary coils.
Bi-Toroid Transformer Operation:
The primary coil is a ReGenX Coil and it operates with a Load Current Delay.
On no-load the primary delivers magnetic flux and it is shared between each
primary equally.
 The Coupling Coefficient between the primary and the secondaries is 1.
 The Coupling Coefficient between the secondaries and the primary is 0
(ideally).
 The Coupling Coefficient between the seconday 1 and secondary 2 is 1.
When placed on-load the induced magnetic flux from secondary 1 adds to the
primary delivered flux and vice versa (Bi-Toroid Transformer Flux Harvesting).
The BiTT operates essentially as a Magnetic Diode in that it allows for
reactionless power delivery.
PRIMARY COIL
SECONDARY
COIL #1
SECONDARY
COIL #2

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No-Load Conventional Toroid Transformer
FIGURE 15:
equilibrium condition is established where the net drive shaft torque is zero and the mechanical
drive shaft input power to the generator is also zero.
On-Load Conventional Toroid Transformer
FIGURE 16:
The conventional transformer is placed on-load and 9.32 Watts is delivered to the purely resistive
load. The load’s purely resistive Power Factor of 1 is transferred to the conventional transformer’s
primary and the transformer primary consumes 100% real power while delivering real power to
the load.
FIGURE 17:
Conventional Generator Armature Reaction decelerates the prime mover by 8 RPM and the prime
mover induction motor responds by consuming additional current and power and additional drive
shaft toque is delivered to the generator.
 Conventional Transformer Electrical Output = 8.92 Watts
 Prime Mover Input Power Increase = +14 Watts
 On-Load System Speed Decrease = -8 RPM
FIGURE 16
FIGURE 15
FIGURE 17

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CONVENTIONAL TOROID TRANSFORMER & ReGenX Generator Prototype No. 2 C Core Coil Design
Table 4 Recorded and Calculated Test Data CONVENTIONAL TOROID TRANSFORMER:
Generator
Transformer
Condition
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Voltage
(Volts)
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Current
(Amps)
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Power
Factor
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Power
(Watts)
System
Equilibrium
Speed
Drive Shaft NET
Torque = Zero
(RPM)
Conventional
Transformer
OUTPUT
(Volts)
Conventional
Transformer
OUTPUT
Current
(Amps)
Load
Power
Factor
Calculated
Conventional
Transformer
OUTPUT
Load Power
(Watts)
Calculated
Prime Mover
On-Load
INPUT
INCREASE
(Watts)
No-Load 110.7 3.62 0.87 350 3448 - - - - -
On-Load 111.6 3.75 0.88 364 3440 44.6 0.20 1 8.92 +14
Observation Notes: When the conventional transformer is placed on-load from the steady state, no-load rotational equilibrium condition the
transformer delivers electrical output power to the purely resistive load and the generator decelerates the system due to Generator Armature
Reaction and additional input power is required to be supplied to the prime mover.
The purely resistive load Power Factor of 1 is transferred to the conventional transformer’s primary and the primary voltage and current are in
phase with each other – denoting that the conventional transformer’s primary is consuming 100% real power and delivering real power to the
load.

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No-Load Bi-Toroid Transformer
FIGURE 18:
On-Load Bi-Toroid Transformer
FIGURE 19:
The Bi-Toroid Transformer is placed on-load and 15.1 Watts is delivered to the purely resistive
load. The Bi-Toroid Transformer isolates the generator from the load and load’s purely
resistive Power Factor of 1 is not transferred back to the Bi-Toroid Transformer’s primary. The
transformer primary consumes less than 100% real power while delivering real power to the
load.
FIGURE 20:
On-load Bi-Toroid Transformer accelerates the prime mover by 7 RPM and the prime mover
induction motor responds by consuming a reduction in stator current and a reduction in
power and reduced torque is delivered to the generators drive shaft by the prime mover.
15.1 Watts is delivered to the load by the Bi-Toroid Transformer and a 10 Watt reduction is
realized by the prime mover over the steady state no-load condition.
 Bi-Toroid Transformer Electrical Output = 15.1 Watts
 Prime Mover Input Reduction = -10 Watts
 On-Load System Speed Increase = +7 RPM
FIGURE 18
FIGURE 19
FIGURE 20

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Bi-TOROID TRANSFORMER & ReGenX Generator Prototype No. 2 C Core Coil Design
Table 5 Recorded and Calculated Data BI-TOROID TRANSFORMER:
Generator
Transformer
Condition
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Voltage
(Volts)
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Current
(Amps)
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Power
Factor
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Power
(Watts)
System
Equilibrium
Speed
Drive Shaft NET
Torque = Zero
(RPM)
Bi-Toroid
Transformer
OUTPUT
(Volts)
Bi-Toroid
Transformer
OUTPUT
Current
(Amps)
Load
Power
Factor
Calculated
Bi-Toroid
Transformer
OUTPUT
Load Power
(Watts)
Calculated
Prime Mover
On-Load
INPUT INCREASE
(Watts)
No-Load 110.9 3.61 0.94 337 3456 - - - - -
On-Load 111.1 3.54 0.93 327 3463 62.9 0.24 1 15.1 -10
Observation Notes: When the Bi-Toroid Transformer is placed on-load from the steady state, no-load rotational equilibrium condition the
transformer delivers electrical output power to the purely resistive load and the generator accelerates the system due to Generator Armature
Reaction reversal and a reduction input power is realized by the prime mover.
The purely resistive load Power Factor of 1 is not transferred to the Bi-Toroid Transformer’s primary and the primary voltage and current are not
in phase with each other – denoting that the Bi-Toroid Transformer’s primary is consuming less than 100% real power but is delivering 100% real
power to the load.

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Observation Notes: The conventional transformer’s current and
voltage are in phase with each other and the primary Power Factor
is 1.
The conventional transformer primary consumes 100% Real
Power and it delivers Real Power to the load.
Observation Notes: The Bi-Toroid Transformer’s current and
voltage are in out of phase with each other.
The current lags the voltage by 77.1 degrees and the primary Power
Factor is 0.22.
The Bi-Toroid Transformer delivers Real Power to the load while
consuming 78% Reactive Power.
FIGURE 16 CONVENTIONAL TRANSFORMER
PRIMARY VOLTAGE AND CURRENT SINE WAVES
FIGURE 19 BI-TOROID TRANSFORMER
PRIMARY VOLTAGE AND CURRENT SINE WAVES

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Bi-Toroid Transformer & ReGenX Generator Prototype No. 2 C Core Coil Design
Table 6 Recorded Data and Calculated CONVENTIONAL TRANSFORMER and BI-TOROID TRANSFORMER Primary Power Factor:
Transformer Type Primary
Current and Voltage
Phase Delay
Oscilloscope Readings
(Degrees)
Calculated
Primary Power Factor
Load
Power Factor
Purely
Resistive
Primary Power
Real or Reactive
(% Real)
(% Reactive)
Conventional Transformer
0.00 1 1 100% Real
0.00 % Reactive
Bi-Toroid Transformer
77.1 0.22 1 78% Reactive
22% Real

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Data Summary Conventional Transformer and Bi-Toroid Transformer
Table 1 & 2 Recorded and Calculated Data Summary CONVENTIONAL TRANSFORMER and BI-TOROID TRANSFORMER:
Generator/
Transformer
Type
and
Condition
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Voltage
(Volts)
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Current
(Amps)
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Power
Factor
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Power
(Watts)
System
Equilibrium
Speed
Drive Shaft NET
Torque = Zero
(RPM)
On-Load
System
Speed
Response
Decrease/
Increase
(RPM)
Transformer
OUTPUT
(Volts)
Transformer
OUTPUT
Current
(Amps)
Load
Power
Factor
Calculated
Transformer
OUTPUT
Load Power
(Watts)
Prime Mover
On-Load
INPUT
INCREASE
(Watts)
Conventional
Transformer
No-Load
110.7 3.62 0.87 350 3448 - - - - - -
Conventional
Transformer
On-Load
111.6 3.75 0.88 364 3440 Decrease
-8
44.6 0.20 1 8.92 +14
Bi-Toroid
Transformer
No-Load
110.9 3.61 0.94 337 3456 - - - - - -
Bi-Toroid
Transformer
On-Load
111.1 3.54 0.93 327 3463 Increase
+7
62.9 0.24 1 15.1 -10

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Bi-Toroid Transformer in
Conventional Transformer
Configuration
Figure 21:
The primary coil of the Bi-Toroid Transformer is
removed and the transformer is operated as a
conventional transformer with a ReGenX primary
coil and single ReGenX secondary coil.
On-Load Bi-Toroid Transformer in Conventional Transformer Mode
Figure 23:
The load power factor of 1 is not completely transferred back to the primary coil.
Figure 24:
When placed on-load the system speed is reduced and the prime mover input is increased.
13.2 Watts is delivered to the load by the Bi-Toroid Transformer and a 2 Watt increase is
realized by the prime mover over the steady state no-load condition.
 Bi-Toroid Conventional Transformer Configuration Electrical Output = 13.2 Watts
 Prime Mover Input Increase = +2 Watts
 On-Load System Speed Decrease = +7 RPM
Figure 24
with primary removed
Figure 23
Figure 22

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Generator/
Transformer
Type
and
Condition
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Voltage
(Volts)
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Current
(Amps)
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Power
Factor
Prime
Mover
INPUT
Power
(Watts)
System
Equilibrium
Speed
Drive Shaft NET
Torque = Zero
(RPM)
On-Load
System
Speed
Response
Decrease/
Increase
(RPM)
Transformer
OUTPUT
(Volts)
Transformer
OUTPUT
Current
(Amps)
Load
Power
Factor
Calculated
Transformer
OUTPUT
Load Power
(Watts)
Prime Mover
On-Load
INPUT
INCREASE
(Watts)
Conventional
Transformer
No-Load
110.7 3.62 0.87 350 3448 - - - - - -
Conventional
Transformer
On-Load
111.6 3.75 0.88 364 3440 Decrease
-8
44.6 0.20 1 8.92 +14
Bi-Toroid
Transformer
No-Load
110.9 3.61 0.94 337 3456 - - - - - -
Bi-Toroid
Transformer
On-Load
111.1 3.54 0.93 327 3463 Increase
+7
62.9 0.24 1 15.1 -10
BiTT
Conventional
Transformer
Configuration
No-Load
111.4 3.70 0.88 363 3443 - - - - - -
BiTT
Conventional
Transformer
Configuration
On-Load
111.3 3.76 0.87 365 3441 Decrease
-2
57.2 0.23 1 13.2 +2

27 | P a g e
EV Regenerative Acceleration (ReGenX)
Ebike Integration Prototype No. 3 C Core Coil Design
FIGURE 25:
The ReGenX EV Regenerative Acceleration Generator is integrated into an ebike.
3 (of 12) ReGenX coils are employed which deliver roughly 2 Amps/coil. Each coil
is engineered to deliver > 5 Amps/coil.
Regenerative Acceleration above 26 km/hr: the ReGenX Generator delivers
battery recharging while accelerating the vehicle in Regenerative Acceleration
Mode above 26 km/hr.
The greater the magnitude of recharge current delivered to the ebike’s batteries
in Regenerative Acceleration Mode the more the ebike is accelerated.
Regenerative Braking Below 26 km/hr: the ReGenX Generator delivers battery
recharging while decelerating the vehicle in regenerative braking mode below 26
km/hr.
The greater the magnitude of recharge current delivered to the
ebike’s batteries in regenerative braking mode the more the
ebike is decelerated.
Figure 25. EV Regenerative Acceleration (ReGenX)
Ebike Integration
Figure 25-B Commercially Manufactured ReGenX Coil.

28 | P a g e
EV REGENERATIVE ACCELERATION MODE
EV Regenerative Acceleration (ReGenX)
Ebike Integration Prototype No. 3
All photo data recorded in Table 7
FIGURE 26:
The ebike is accelerated up to a steady state speed of 27 km/hr.
The ReGenX Generator no-load speed is 3584 RPM (FIGURE 26-B)
FIGURE 27:
When ReGenX Coil #1 is connected it delivers 2.28 Amps to the
batteries and the system is accelerated up to 3605 RPM
(FIGURE 27-B)
FIGURE 28:
When ReGenX Coil #2 is connected 4.1 net Amps are delivered to
The ebike’s batteries and the system is accelerated up to 3601
RPM (FIGURE 28-B).
FIGURE 29:
the ebike’s batteries and the system is accelerated up to 3620
RPM (FIGURE 29-B).
Figure 26 Figure 26-B
Figure 27-BFigure 27

29 | P a g e
EV REGENERATIVE BRAKING MODE
EV Regenerative Braking (ReGenX)
Ebike Integration Prototype No. 3
All photo data recorded in Table 7
FIGURE 30:
The ebike is accelerated up to a steady state rotational equilibrium
speed of 19 km/hr. The ReGenX Generator no-load speed is 2530 RPM
(FIGURE 30-B)
FIGURE 31:
When ReGenX Coil #1 is connected it delivers 2.21 Amps to the
batteries and the system is decelerated down to 2528 RPM
(FIGURE 31-B)
FIGURE 32:
The ebike’s batteries and the system is decelerated down to 2523
RPM (FIGURE 32-B).
FIGURE 33:
the ebike’s batteries and the system is decelerated up to 2511
RPM (FIGURE 33-B).
Figure 30-B
Figure 32
Figure 31-B
Figure 30

30 | P a g e
EV Regenerative Acceleration (ReGenX) Ebike Integration Prototype No. 3 C Core Coil Design
Table 7 EV Regenerative Acceleration Ebike Integration Performance REGENERATIVE ACCELERATION and REGENERATIVE BRAKING
Ebike
Speed
(km/hr)
ReGenX
Generator
Speed
(RPM)
System
Performance
(Regenerative
Acceleration)
(Regenerative
Braking)
Coil 1
OUTPUT
ReGenX
Generator
Current
(Amps)
Coil 1
System
Speed
Increase
(RPM)
Coil 2
OUTPUT
ReGenX
Generator
Current
(Amps)
Coil 2
System
Speed
Increase
(RPM)
Coil 3
OUTPUT
ReGenX
Generator
Current
(Amps)
Coil 3
System
Speed
Increase
(RPM)
Total
REGEN
OUTPUT
Current
(Amps)
Total System
Acceleration/Deceleration
(RPM)
27 km/hr 3564 Regenerative
Acceleration
2.28 3605 4.1 3610 6.3 3620 6.3 +56
19 km/hr 2530 Regenerative
Braking
2.21 2528 4.1 2523 6.3 2511 6.3 - 19
Observation Notes: The greater the magnitude of battery recharge current delivered to the ebike’s batteries in Regenerative Acceleration
Mode above 26 km/hr, the more system acceleration is produced.
The greater the magnitude of battery recharge current delivered to the ebike’s batteries in regenerative braking mode below 26 km/hr, the
more system deceleration is produced.

31 | P a g e
“Black Box” Efficiency Data Calculations Mechanical to Electrical Conversion Efficiencies
Introduction:
An electric generator is a machine that converts mechanical drive shaft input power to electrical output power.
At any operational No-Load, Steady State Speed or Rotational Equilibrium condition the drive shaft’s Mechanical Input Power (Pin) to the
generator is always 0.00 Watts because;
Mechanical Drive Shaft Input Power (P) = Net Torque(T) x System Rotational
Speed(ω):
Pin = T x ω
Because T(net) = 0.00 at Rotational Equilibrium
Mechanical Drive Shaft Input Power (Pin) on No-Load always equals 0.00 Watts
When the generator is placed on load the drive shaft’s mechanical input power is
provided by the prime mover, which must always be increased (due to
Generator Armature Reaction) in order to deliver power to the load or the
system will stall.
For example;
If the generator delivered 9 Watts to the load and the prime mover input
increased by 10 Watts the “Black Box” System Efficiency would be:
Generator Conversion Efficiency = Output/Input x 100
9/10 x 100 = 90% Black Box Conversion Efficiency
What is Rotational Equilibrium?
The concept of rotational equilibrium is an equivalent to
Newton’s 1ˢᵗ law for a rotational system.
An object which is not rotating remains not rotating unless acted
on by an external torque. Similarly, an object rotating at constant
angular velocity remains rotating unless acted on by an external
torque.
In this case it is the net torque which is important.
If the net torque on a rotatable object is zero then it will be in
rotational equilibrium and not able to acquire angular
acceleration.
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/torque-angular-
momentum/torque-tutorial/a/torque

32 | P a g e
“Black Box” Efficiency Data Calculations Mechanical to Electrical Conversion Efficiencies
If the generator delivered 5 Watts to the load and the prime mover input increased by 10 Watts the Black Box System Efficiency would be:
5/10 x 100 = 50% Conversion Efficiency
If the generator delivered 10 Watts to the load and the prime mover input increased by 10 Watts the Black Box System Efficiency would
be:
10/10 x 100 = 100% Conversion Efficiency
If the generator delivered 10 Watts to the load and the prime mover input increased by 0 Watts (in other words did not increase at all or
was reduced to below the no-load idle input condition of 0 Watts), the Black Box System Efficiency would be:
10/0 x 100 = Infinite% Conversion Efficiency
Actual Generator Conversion Efficiency
The Actual Generator Conversion Efficiency would be the Prime Mover Input Increase (Watts) x Prime Mover (induction motor) Electrical
to Mechanical Conversion Efficiency (%) which would be about 80% for the induction motor prime movers used and the speed of
operation.
All of the tests in this document are operated at identical, torques and speeds and from an initial operating no-load, Rotational
Equilibrium condition where the mechanical input power is always 0.00 Watts

33 | P a g e
Black Box System Efficiency Calculations CONVENTIONAL GENERATOR and CONVENTIONAL TOROID TRANSFORMER
Table 8 Calculated Data Black Box System Efficiency Conventional Generator and Conventional Toroid Transformer
Device Type Drive Shaft
Net Torque
at Equilibrium
(Nm)
Calculated
Drive Shaft
INPUT POWER
No-Load/
Equilibrium
P = Tnet x Speed
(Watts)
INPUT
Calculated
On-Load
Prime Mover
Increase
(Watts)
Prime Mover
Supplied
Drive Shaft
Torque Increase
(Nm)
OUTPUT
Calculated
Load Power
(Watts)
BLACK BOX
EFFICIENCY
Calculated
System Efficiency
Output/Input x 100
(%)
Conventional
Generator Coil
Prototype #1
0.00 0.00 +18 +0.05 11.4 63.3%
Conventional
Toroid
Transformer
Prototype #2
0.00 0.00 +14 + 0.04 8.92 63.7%
Torque = KW x 9550/RPM
Observation Notes: The conventional generator and conventional transformer both produce on-load Generator Armature Reaction, Counter-
Electromotive-Torque and system deceleration. The prime mover responds by consuming additional stator current and it delivers additional
drive shaft torque and power to the generator.
If we assume the induction motor/prime mover was operating at 80% efficiency the Actual Generator Efficiency would be around 80%.
Test Data Calculator Signature/Date: ____________________________________________________________________________

34 | P a g e
Black Box System Efficiency Calculations ReGenX GENERATOR and Bi-TOROID TRANSFORMER
Table 9 Calculated Data Black Box System Efficiency ReGenX Generator and Bi-Toroid Transformer
Net Torque
at Equilibrium
(Nm)
Calculated
Drive Shaft
INPUT POWER
No-Load/
Equilibrium
P = Tnet x Speed
(Watts)
INPUT
Calculated
On-Load
Prime Mover
Decrease
(Watts)
Prime Mover
Supplied
Drive Shaft
Torque Decrease
(Nm)
OUTPUT
Calculated
Load Power
(Watts)
BLACK BOX
EFFICIENCY
Calculated
System Efficiency
Output/Input x 100
(%)
ReGenX
Generator Coil #1
Prototype #1
0.00 0.00 -4 - 0.008 13.0 ∞
ReGenX
Generator Coil #2
Prototype #1
0.00 0.00 -13 -0.02 13.2 ∞
Bi-Toroid
Toroid Transformer
Prototype #2
0.00 0.00 -10 -0.03 15.1 ∞
Observation Notes: The ReGenX Generator and Bi-Toroid Transformer both produce Load Current Delays which produces on-load Generator
Armature Reaction reversal, Complementary-Electromagnetic-Torque and system acceleration. The prime mover responds by consuming a
reduction in motor stator current and it delivers a reduction drive shaft torque and power to the generator.

35 | P a g e
Black Box System Efficiency Calculations CONVENTIONAL GENERATOR and ReGenX GENERATOR
Table 10 Calculated Data Black Box System Efficiency CONVENTIONAL GENERATOR and ReGenX GENERATOR
Net Torque
at
Equilibrium
(Nm)
Calculated
Drive Shaft
INPUT POWER
No-Load/
Equilibrium
P = Tnet x Speed
(Watts)
INPUT
Calculated
On-Load
Prime Mover
Increase/Decrease
(Watts)
Prime Mover
Supplied
Drive Shaft
Torque
Increase/Decrease
(Nm)
OUTPUT
Calculated
Load Power
(Watts)
BLACK BOX
Calculated
System
EFFICIENCY
Output/Input x
100
(%)
Conventional
Generator Coil
Prototype #1
0.00 0.00 +18 + 0.06 11.4 63.3%
ReGenX
Generator Coil
#1
Prototype #1
0.00 0.00 -4 -0.01 13.0 ∞
ReGenX
Generator Coil
#2
Prototype #1
0.00 0.00 -13 -0.04 13.2 ∞

36 | P a g e
Black Box System Efficiency Calculations CONVENTIONAL TRANSFORMER and Bi-TOROID TRANSFORMER
Table 11 Calculated Data Black Box System Efficiency Conventional Transformer and Bi-Toroid Transformer
Transformer Type
Prototype #
Drive Shaft
Net Torque
at Equilibrium
(Nm)
Calculated
Drive Shaft
INPUT POWER
No-Load/
Equilibrium
P = Tnet x Speed
(Watts)
INPUT
Calculated
Prime Mover
On-Load Increase
(Watts)
Prime Mover
Supplied
Drive Shaft
Torque
Increase/Decrease
(Nm)
OUTPUT
Calculated Load
Power
(Watts)
Black Box
Calculated System
EFFICIENCY
Output/Input x 100
(%)
Conventional
Toroid
Transformer
Prototype #2
0.00 0.00 +14 + 0.04 8.92 63.7%
Bi-Toroid
Toroid
Transformer
Prototype #2
0.00 0.00 -10 -0.03 15.1 ∞

37 | P a g e
Data and Efficiency Summaries ReGenX GENERATOR and BI-TOROID TRANSFORMER
Table 12 Calculated Data Black Box System Efficiency Conventional Generator, Conventional Transformer and ReGenX Generator,
Bi-Toroid Transformer:
Net Torque
at Equilibrium
(Nm)
Calculated
Mechanical
Drive Shaft
INPUT POWER
No-Load /
Equilibrium
P = Tnet x Speed
(Watts)
INPUT
Calculated
Prime Mover
On-Load Increase
(Watts)
Prime Mover
Supplied
Drive Shaft
Torque
Increase/Decrease
(Nm)
OUTPUT
Calculated
Load Power
(Watts)
Black Box
Calculated
System EFFICIENCY
Output/Input x 100
(%)
Conventional
Generator Coil
Prototype #1
0.00 0.00 +18 + 0.06 11.4 >63.3%
ReGenX
Generator Coil #1
Prototype #1 0.00 0.00 -4 -0.01 13.0 ∞
ReGenX
Generator Coil #2
Prototype #1 0.00 0.00 -13 -0.04 13.2 ∞
Conventional
Toroid
Transformer
Prototype #2
0.00 0.00 +14 + 0.04 8.92 >63.7%
Bi-Toroid
Toroid
Transformer
Prototype #2
0.00 0.00 -10 -0.03 15.1 ∞

38 | P a g e
Conclusions
Performance data for a conventional generator and conventional generator/transformer were presented. All Conventional generators and
transformers operate at below 100% efficiency in their conversions of mechanical drive shaft input power to electrical output power due to the
parasitic nature of the induced magnetic fields created around the current bearing wires inside them.
Performance data for a ReGenX Generator, Bi-Toroid Transformer and an EV Regenerative Acceleration (ReGenX) Generator were also
presented. The ReGenX Generator, Bi-Toroid Transformer and EV Regenerative Acceleration (ReGenX) Generator all operate with a Load
Current Delay. This Load Current Delay allows these innovations to require a prime mover input reduction when placed on-load and when
delivering power to the load because the induced magnetic fields are now used in beneficial ways to do useful rather than parasitic work. Infinite
mechanical to electrical conversion efficiency occurs when the prime mover input does not increase (or decreases) when the generator is placed
on-load.
Conventional Generator Armature Reaction, Counter-Electromagnetic-Torque/system deceleration can now be replaced with ReGenX Generator
Delayed Armature Reaction, Complementary-Electromagnetic-Torque/system acceleration.
Electric Power Generation Applications
The ReGenX Generator and Bi-Toroid innovation technologies now allow for electric power generation with less mechanical input power to be
supplied to the generator on-load than is required at idle on no-load. This translates to more than a 80% reduction in input costs and 80% less
output pollution and more than an 80% cost of purchasing electricity to the electricity consumer.
Electric Vehicle Applications
The Electric Vehicle (EV) Regenerative Acceleration (ReGenX) Generator innovation now allows all electric vehicle generators to recharge the
EV’s batteries while simultaneously accelerating the EV and to recharge the EV’s batteries while simultaneously decelerating the EV below a
certain speed.
The greater the magnitude of battery recharging in EV Regenerative Acceleration Mode the faster the rate of battery recharging and the faster
the rate of EV acceleration. The greater the magnitude of battery recharging in EV regenerative braking mode the faster the rate of battery
recharging and the faster the rate of EV deceleration. The magnitude of battery recharging current supplied by the ReGenX Generator in EV
Regenerative Acceleration Mode is limited only by the physical size of the ReGen-X Motor used.

39 | P a g e
ADDENDUM
Page 40 - ReGenX Generator and Bi-Toroid Transformer Primary Area or Research and Development
Page 40 - Lenz’s Law
Page 41 - ReGenX Generator Operation Governing Principle
Page 42 - ReGenX Generator Demonstration Protocol Prototype No. 1
Page 45 - Bi-Toroid Transformer/ReGenX Generator Demonstration Protocol Prototype No. 2
Page 47 - ReGenX Generator Ebike Demonstration Protocol Prototype No. 3
Page 48 - Factors that Dictate the ReGenX Generator Coil’s Regenerative Acceleration and Regenerative Braking Modes
Page 48 - Equivalent Circuit of an Inductor
Page 49 - Inductor impedance (Zt) increase with frequency (F)
Page 49 - ReGenX Generator Operating as a Multi-Plate Parallel Capacitor
Page 50 - Inductor 5 Time Constant Rise Time
Page 51 - Terms and Definitions
Page 55 – ReGenX Coil Load Current Delay and Conventional Generator Coil Sine Wave Analysis
Page 56 - Prototype Component Photos

40 | P a g e
1.0 ReGenX Generator and Bi-Toroid Transformer Primary Area or Research and Development
Investigating novel and innocuous methods of harvesting induced magnetic field energy in electric generators, electric motors and transformers.
Lenz’s Law of Induction Governing the Operation of all Current Electric Generators (Electric Circuits and Machines 6th
Edition Lister)
1. An induced EMF (voltage) will cause a current to flow in a closed circuit in such a direction that its magnetic effect will produce a
Counter-Electromagnetic-Torque which will oppose the change that produces it.
2. This law follows directly from the Law of Conservation of energy; that is, to cause an induced current to flow through a load and for
power to be dissipated through that load requires the expenditure of energy.
3. In the case of a generator, when current flows from the generator to the load, electric energy is expended in the load.
The magnetic field produced by the load current is always in a direction that causes it to react with the generator’s main field to oppose the
turning action of the prime mover driving the generator.
4. Thus the greater the current magnitude supplied to the load, the greater the induced electromagnetic reaction and in turn the greater
the mechanical energy required to be supplied by the prime mover.
Lenz's Law of Induction is shown by the negative sign in Faraday’s Law of Induction:

41 | P a g e
2.0 ReGenX Generator Operation Governing Principle:
The ReGenX Generator introduces a Load Current Delay into electric generator operation such that:
1. In a ReGenX Generator, an induced voltage will cause a delayed current to flow through a load in such a direction that its delayed net
magnetic effect will produce a Complementary-Electromagnetic-Torque that will assist the change that produces it.
2. The delayed net magnetic effect produced by the ReGenX Generator’s delayed net load current is always in a direction to assist the
turning action of the prime mover.
3. The ReGenX Generator’s >45 degree load current delay - delays in the time domain; the net induced magnetic effect in a salient pole
generator coil configuration such that the load current sine wave crest (load current and induced magnetic field peak magnitude) occur
after the rotating magnetic field pole has already passed the coil’s core at top dead centre.
4. This load current delay and the subsequent the delayed induced magnetic effect accelerates the rotor pole magnet’s departure away
from the coil while also simultaneously accelerating the opposite rotor magnetic pole which is approaching the coil.
5. In the case of the ReGenX Generator’s operation, an induced current is caused to flow through a load and for power to be dissipated
through that load but it does not require the expenditure of additional input energy.
6. The ReGenX Generator always requires a prime mover input power reduction when the ReGenX Generator is placed on-load and when
power is dissipated through the load.
The ReGenX Generator Principle is shown by the positive sign in Faraday’s Law of Induction:

42 | P a g e
2.0 ReGenX Generator Demonstration Protocol Prototype No. 1
Prototype No. 1 employs a salient pole E-core upon which is wound:
 a conventional low-impedance, high-current generator coil, and
 a two high-impedance, high-voltage ReGenX Coils.
Prototype No. 1 is used solely for demonstration purposes in order to illustrate each coil’s load
current sine waves when influenced by the same rotor magnetic fields and their relative positions to
each other in the time domain on an oscilloscope and to demonstrate the concept of Flux
Harvesting.
Both coils are wound on the same physical E core to ensure that the voltages induced in each coil occur in the identical rotor magnet time
domain and are produced from identical physical rotor magnetic field poles.
The conventional coil and the ReGenX Coil are both connected to identical purely resistive loads (PF =1) to ensure that the voltage and current
induced each coil are in phase.
The conventional coil’s load current sine wave establishes the relative physical position of the rotor magnets as they approach and pass by the E-
core.
2.1 Prototype No.1 Demonstration Initiation
The demonstration starts once the prime mover has accelerated Prototype No.1’s rotor up to a no-load steady-state speed and the prime mover
delivers torque at rotational equilibrium to the generator’s drive shaft at close to 100% of the prime mover’s rated speed.
Once Prototype No.1’s driveshaft has reached rotational equilibrium, all angular acceleration ceases and net driveshaft torque and net drive
shaft mechanical power both equal 0.
According to Newton’s 1st
Law, when the net torque on a rotatable object is zero, it will be in rotational equilibrium and not able to acquire
angular acceleration or angular deceleration unless acted upon by an outside force.
According to the Work Energy Principle, the change in kinetic energy of the system i.e. an increase or a decrease in its kinetic energy, is equal to
the net work performed on the system.
Once rotational equilibrium has been reached, the conventional generator coil is engaged, a closed circuit is established, load current is allowed
to flow from the coil through the load and energy is dissipated in the load.

43 | P a g e
2.2 The conventional generator coil is observed to operate according to Lenz’s Law whereby:
A. System deceleration is observed denoting that the net drive shaft torque and drive shaft mechanical power have both decreased.
B. Work is performed by the conventional coil’s induced magnetic field energy and a Counter-Electromotive-Torque is produced which
reduces the net drive shaft torque, mechanical drive-shaft power, system speed and system kinetic energy.
C. A prime mover input current and power increase is observed denoting that the prime mover is delivering increasing amounts of torque
and drive shaft mechanical input power to the generator.
D. Eventually the prime mover’s increased torque delivered to the drive shaft is enough to reestablish dynamic rotational equilibrium and a
new steady-state speed can be observed which is reduced from the original no-load speed.
E. In order to reestablish the higher operating speed which was originally established at no load, additional power must be supplied to the
prime mover and additional work must be performed whereby the drive shaft torque and mechanical power must be increased
sufficiently enough to overcome the conventional generator’s load current induced magnetic field energy and the Counter-
Electromagnetic-Torque and the work it performs changing (reducing) the kinetic energy of the system according to the Work-Energy
Principle.
F. The load voltage, current magnitude flowing from the coil through the load and the power dissipated can be observed and recorded.
G. The conventional generator coil’s load current sine wave can be observed on the oscilloscope.
With the conventional generator coil still engaged and while the coil’s magnetic field energy, created around the conventional generator coil’s
windings, is still performing work decelerating the system via its induced Counter-Electromagnetic-Torque and while still at rotational
equilibrium, the ReGenX Generator coil is then placed on-load and connected to its identical purely resistive load.
2.3 The ReGenX Generator coil is observed to operate according to the ReGenX Generator Principle whereby:
A. System Regenerative Acceleration is observed denoting that the net drive shaft torque and mechanical power have both increased.
B. The load current magnitude and power dissipated through the load can be observed to be increased instantaneously.
C. A prime mover input power decrease is observed denoting that the prime mover is doing less work and is delivering decreased amounts
of torque and mechanical power to the generator’s drive shaft due to the Complementary-Electromagntic-Torque produced by the
ReGenX Generator coil’s delayed load current while the generator’s output, current voltage and power dissipated in the load (work
being performed) have all increased over the conventional generator condition.
D. The instantaneous load current increase aspect of ReGenX Generator operation over the conventional coil’s load current magnitude is
not due to increased rotor frequency and an increase in magnetic flux change rate in the coil, but rather is due to Flux Harvesting
whereby the ReGenX Generator coil’s discharging induced magnetic field energy from the ReGenX coil performs two forms of work;

44 | P a g e
E. 1) accelerating the generator’s rotor and increasing the kinetic energy of the system, and 2) increasing the magnitude of the changing
magnetic fields in the conventional coil (rotor magnetic flux + ReGenX Generator induced flux) and subsequently the conventional coil’s
induced voltage and current and the power dissipated through the load and the work performed.
F. Flux Harvesting occurs because the ReGenX Generator coil’s net discharging magnetic field polarity is produced in the same direction as
the rotor’s magnetic field polarity entering the coil’s core and as a result they add together.
G. Eventually the ReGenX Generator’s dynamic torque delivered to the drive shaft plateaus and a new dynamic rotational equilibrium is
reestablished. A new steady-state speed can be observed which is increased above the original no-load steady-state speed.
H. System on-load steady-state speed is observed to be increased over the original idle no-load steady state speed.
I. Prime mover input power consumption with the ReGenX Generator on load is observed to be less than what was required at idle on no-
load.
J. In order to reestablish the original reduced operating speed which was originally established at no-load, a further reduction in input
power must be supplied to the prime mover and reduced work must be performed by the prime mover. The drive shaft torque and
mechanical power must be decreased sufficiently enough to compensate adequately for the ReGenX Generator’s delayed load current,
the delayed induced magnetic field energy, the Complementary-Electromagnetic-Torque, and the work performed changing (increasing)
the kinetic energy of the system according to the Work- Energy Principle.
K. The conventional generator coil’s and ReGenX Generator coil’s load current sine waves can both be observed on the oscilloscope where
the ReGenX Generator’s load current sine wave can be observed to be delayed by about 50 – 108 degrees.

45 | P a g e
3.0 Bi-Toroid Transformer/ReGenX Generator Demonstration Protocol
Prototype No. 2
Prototype No. 2 (as shown in schematic diagram No 2) employs a salient pole C cores upon which is
wound:
 A single low-impedance, high-current ReGenX Generator coil.
 The ReGenX Generator coil’s output is stepped down through a conventional toroid and a Bi-
Toroid Transformer.
Prototype No. 2 is designed to demonstration the ReGenX Generator and Bi-Toroid Transformer
operating in Regenerative Acceleration Mode and in regenerative braking mode with the conventional
toroid transformer.
3.1 Prototype No. 2 Demonstration Initiation
The demonstration starts once the prime mover has accelerated Prototype No.2’s rotor up to a no-load steady-state speed and the prime mover
delivers static torque to the generator’s drive shaft at close to 100% of the prime mover’s rated speed.
Once Prototype No.2’s driveshaft has reached rotational equilibrium and all angular acceleration has ceased, the net driveshaft torque and net
mechanical power both equal zero.
As with Prototype No. 1 and also according to Newton’s 1st
Law; when the net torque on a rotatable object is zero, it will be in rotational
equilibrium and not able to acquire angular acceleration or angular deceleration unless acted upon by an outside force.
According to the Work-Energy Principle, the change in kinetic energy of the system i.e. an increase or a decrease in its kinetic energy, is equal to
the net work performed on the system.
Once rotational equilibrium has been reached, the ReGenX Generator coil is placed on load through the transformer, a closed circuit is
established and load current is allowed to flow from the ReGenX Generator coil through the transformer to the loads and energy is dissipated in
the load.

46 | P a g e
3.2 The conventional transformer/ReGenX Generator is observed to operate according to Lenz’s Law whereby:
A. On-load system deceleration is observed denoting that the net drive shaft torque and drive shaft mechanical power have both
decreased.
B. Work is performed by the conventional transformer’s induced magnetic field energy and a Counter-Electromagnetic-Torque is produced
which reduces the net drive shaft torque, mechanical drive-shaft power, system speed and system kinetic energy.
C. A prime mover input current and power increase is observed denoting that the prime mover is delivering increasing amounts of dynamic
torque and drive shaft mechanical input power to the generator.
D. Eventually the prime mover’s increased torque delivered to the drive shaft is enough to reestablish dynamic rotational equilibrium and a
new steady-state speed can be observed which is reduced from the original no-load speed.
E. In order to reestablish the higher operating speed which was originally established at no load, additional power must be supplied to the
prime mover and additional work must be performed whereby the drive shaft torque and mechanical power must be increased
sufficiently enough to overcome the conventional generator’s load current induced magnetic field energy and the Counter-
Electromagnetic-Torque and the work it performs changing (reducing) the kinetic energy of the system according to the Work-Energy
Principle.
F. The load voltage, current magnitude flowing from the transformer through the load and the power dissipated can be observed and
recorded.
G. The conventional transformer’s primary voltage and current sine wave can be observed on the oscilloscope and the phase angle
differential recorded.
3.3 The Bi-Toroid Transformer/ReGenX Generator is observed to operate according to the ReGenX Generator Principle whereby:
A. On-load system Regenerative Acceleration is observed denoting that the net drive shaft torque and mechanical power have both
increased.
B. A prime mover input power decrease is observed denoting that the prime mover is doing less work and is delivering decreased amounts
of torque and mechanical power to the generator’s drive shaft due to the Complementary-Electromagnetic-Torque produced by the Bi-
Toroid Transformer and ReGenX Generator’s delayed load current while the generator’s output, current voltage and power dissipated in
the load (work being performed) have both increased over the conventional transformer.
C. Eventually the Bi-Toroid Transformer/ReGenX Generator’s dynamic torque delivered to the drive shaft plateaus and a new dynamic
rotational equilibrium is reestablished.
D. System on-load steady-state speed is observed to be increased over the original idle no-load steady state speed.

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E. On-load prime mover input power consumption with the Bi-Toroid Transformer/ReGenX Generator is observed to be less than what was
required at idle on no-load.
F. In order to reestablish the original reduced operating speed which was originally established at no load, a further reduction in input
power must be supplied to the prime mover and reduced work must be performed by the prime mover. The drive shaft torque and
mechanical power must be decreased sufficiently enough to compensate adequately for the Bi-Toroid Transformer/ReGenX Generator’s
delayed load current, the delayed induced magnetic field energy, the Complementary-Electromagnetic-Torque, and the work it
performs changing (increasing) the kinetic energy of the system according to the Work- Energy Principle.
G. The conventional transformer and Bi-Toroid Transformer primary voltage and current sine waves can and their phase differential can be
observed on the oscilloscope.
4.0 ReGenX Generator Ebike Demonstration Protocol Prototype No. 3
4.1 Operating Prototype No. 3 Below the ReGenX Generator Coil’s Critical Minimum Frequency
The ReGenX Generator coils in Prototype No. 3 may also be operated as conventional generator coils in
regenerative braking mode which is accomplished by operating the coils below their Critical Minimum
Frequency (below 26 km/hr).
The demonstration starts once the prime mover ebike’s DC traction motor has accelerated Prototype No.3’s
rotor up to a no-load steady state speed and the prime mover delivers static torque to the generator’s drive
shaft.
Once rotational equilibrium has been reached, the ReGenX Generator coils are placed on load, a closed circuit
is established and load current is allowed to flow from the ReGenX coils through the loads, and energy is stored in the loads.
The ReGenX Generator coils when operated below the Critical Minimum Frequency are observed to operate as conventional, regenerative
braking generator coils and according to Lenz’s Law of Induction whereby:
 System deceleration is observed denoting that the net drive shaft torque and mechanical power have both decreased.
 Work is performed by the ReGenX coils in conventional mode and an induced magnetic field energy and a Counter-Electromotive-
Torque is produced which reduces the net drive shaft torque, mechanical drive shaft power, system speed and system kinetic energy
while the batteries are being charged.

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Factors that Dictate the ReGenX Generator Coil’s Regenerative Acceleration and Regenerative Braking Modes
4.2 Transitioning ReGenX Generator coil inductor operation to ReGenX Generator coil capacitor operation
Inductors (generator coils) store energy in the Electromagnetic Field around the coil when a closed circuit is created and when current flows in
the coil and to the load.
It is this on-load induced magnetic field energy that is created around the current bearing wires that make up the generator coils which is
responsible for the Counter-Electromagnetic-Torque produced and the work performed when an electric generator is placed on-load and when
it reduces the kinetic energy of a prime mover/electric generator system which is colloquially referred to as regenerative braking in electric
vehicles.
Normally the self-induced parasitic capacitance of an inductor or conventional generator coil can be negated at low frequencies, but as
frequency increases the parasitic capacitance increases.
However an ideal inductor would not behave like a capacitor, but in the real world there is no such thing as ideal components.
Basically, any real inductor can be thought of an ideal inductor that has a resistor in series with it (wire resistance) and a capacitor in parallel
with it (parasitic capacitance).
So, where does the parasitic capacitance come from?
An inductor is made out of a coil of insulated wire, so there are tiny capacitors between the windings (since there are two sections of wire
separated by an insulator).
Equivalent circuit of an inductor

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Each section of windings is at a slightly different potential (due to wire inductance and resistance).
As the frequency of operation increases, the impedance of the inductor increases while the impedance of the parasitic capacitor decreases, so at
a high enough frequency the impedance of the parasitic capacitance is much lower than the impedance of the inductor, which means that the
inductor transitions from inductor operation and begins to operate as a capacitor.
The inductor transitions from storing energy externally in the Electromagnetic Field and begins to store energy internally in the Electrostatic
Field between the windings.
Inductor impedance (Zt) increase with frequency (F):
Zt = Xl + Rdc
= 2 F L + Rdc
Where:
Zt is total inductor impedance,
Xl is inductor reactance,
F is operating frequency,
L is coil inductance,
and Rdc is inductor DC wire resistance
Capacitors store energy in the Electrostatic Field between the plates of the capacitor.
In the case of the ReGenX coil/inductor, energy is stored between the windings in the
electrostatic field where the windings act as the plates of the capacitor and the air
between them is the dielectric.
For all intents and purposes, a ReGenX Generator coil when operating above its Critical
Minimum Frequency can be viewed as operating as a multi-plate parallel capacitor,
storing energy internally electrostactically and then releasing energy externally electromagnetically.
Capacitor Components
Multi-Plate Parallel Capacitor

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Inductors resist and delay the buildup and flow of current and capacitors resist and delay the buildup of voltage.
As the induced voltage in the ReGenX coil increases it eventually exceeds the (air) dielectric’s ability to contain and delay it - the dielectric then
breaks down and current begins to flow in the coil to the load.
The delayed induced AC voltage stored capacitively in between the ReGenX coils’ windings is then released through the coil but it is further
delayed by the ReGenX coil’s 5-Time Constant Rise time and the coil’s core hysteresis time delay.
Together when these three individual time delays are each added together, they are enough to produce the ReGenX Generator coil’s >50 degree
load current delay which was observed on the oscilloscope in ReGenX Prototype No. 1.
All inductors also have their own resonance frequency.
This is why some high frequency inductors have their windings far apart - to reduce the buildup of parasitic capacitance.
The ReGenX Generator coil on the other hand is manufactured to encourage the buildup of mutual capacitance in order to produce the ReGenX
coils Regenerative Acceleration effect.
Inductor 5 Time Constant Rise Time

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5.0 Terms and Definitions
ReGenX Generator Load Current Time Delay:
 The ReGenX Generator Load Current Time Delay is a culmination of capacitor energy storage and release + inductor 5 Time Constant Rise
Time + core hysteresis.
ReGenX Generator Principle:
 An induced EMF (voltage) will cause a current to flow in a closed circuit in such a direction that its magnetic effect will produce a
Complementary-Electromagnetic-Torque which will assist the change that produces it.
 ReGenX Law of Induction is shown by the positive sign in Faraday’s Law of Induction
Sine Wave Crest:
 Denotes the peak sine wave amplitude.

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Top Dead Centre (TDC):
As the rotor magnetic field pole approaches the coils core the amplitude of the current sine wave increases until it reaches maximum at TDC.
At TDC the rotor magnetic field pole is neither approaching nor receding from the coil’s core.
Prior to TDC the current magnitude is increasing and post TDC the current has changed direction and begins decreasing towards the opposite
rotor pole’s TDC point at the Trough.
ReGenX Generator Salient Pole E Coil:
 The salient pole E coil is an E shaped core with a ReGenX Generator coil wound on the middle finger with a conventional winding circling
the outside perimeter of the core.
 The conventional coil provides conventional generator action or electric vehicle regenerative braking while the ReGenX coil provides
Regenerative Acceleration.
Static Torque:
 Torque can be either static or dynamic.
 A static torque is one which does not produce an angular acceleration.
 A dynamic torque produces an angular acceleration.
Rotational Equilibrium:
 The concept of rotational equilibrium is an equivalent to Newton’s 1ˢᵗ law for a rotational system. An object which is not rotating
remains not rotating unless acted on by an external torque. Similarly, an object rotating at constant angular velocity remains rotating
unless acted on by an external torque.
 The concept of rotational equilibrium is particularly useful in problems involving multiple torques acting on a rotatable object. In this
case it is the net torque which is important. If the net torque on a rotatable object is zero then it will be in rotational equilibrium and not
able to acquire angular acceleration.

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Drive Shaft Mechanical Power:
 In rotational systems, power is the product of the torque τ and angular velocity ω,
Work-Energy Principle:
 The work-energy principle states that an increase in the kinetic energy of a rigid body is caused by an equal amount of
positive work done on the body by the resultant force acting on that body. Conversely, a decrease in kinetic energy is caused by an equal
amount of negative work done by the resultant force.
100% of the Prime Mover’s Rated Speed:
 Approximately 3450 R PM.
Critical Minimum Frequency:
 Is the ReGenX Generator’s minimum operating frequency required for the ReGenX Generator to provide Regenerative Acceleration. i.e.
load power delivery and system acceleration.
 It is the transition point where the ReGenX Generator coil ceases to store energy in the electromagnetic field as an inductor and begins
to store energy internally in the electrostatic field as a capacitor.
 Below the Critical Minimum Frequency the ReGenX Generator operates as a conventional generator and provides regenerative braking
effects because the Total Impedance (Zt) of the coil is low enough to current to flow normally.
 Above the Critical Minimum Frequency the ReGenX Generator operates as a Regenerative Acceleration Generator and provides
Regenerative Acceleration effects because the Total Impedance (Zt) of the coil is too high to allow current to flow normally.
 The Critical Minimum Frequency for an individual coil can be raised or lowered as required.

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Flux Harvesting:
 Flux Harvesting occurs when the discharging induced electromagnetic fields from a ReGenX Generator coil enter a conventional coil in
the same direction and the two flux magnitudes are cumulative.
 Flux Harvesting also occurs between ReGenX Generator coils.
 Flux Harvesting occurs in the ReGen-X Motor when the motor’s pulsed magnetic field is allowed to collapse back into a battery.
Inductor 5 Time Constant Rise Time:
 When a current is applied to an inductor it takes some time for the current to reach its maximum value, after which it will remain in a
"steady state" until some other event causes the input to change. The time taken for the current to rise to its steady state value in an LR
circuit depends on:
The resistance (R) This is the total circuit resistance, which includes the DC resistance of the inductor (RL) itself, plus any external circuit
resistance.
The inductance of L Which is proportional to the square of the number of turns, the cross sectional area of coil and the permeability of the
core.
Hysteresis:
 The time lag or delay of a magnetic material known commonly as Magnetic Hysteresis, relates to the magnetization properties of a
material by which it firstly becomes magnetized, then de-magnetised and then re-magnetized in the opposite direction and the energy
and time required to change the magnetic domains inside the material.

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ReGenX Coil Load Current Delay and Conventional Generator Coil Sine Wave Analysis
The conventional generator coil’s load current Sine wave (green) and the corresponding induced magnetic field polarity produced always resists
the rotor magnets approach to the coil’s core at TDC and departure away from the coil’s core at TDC.
The load current delay manifested in the ReGenX Generator coil (Purple Sine Wave) is still producing a delayed induced North Pole magnetic
field polarity when the rotor’s North Pole is moving away from the coil’s core at TDC. The coil’s delayed induced North Pole accelerates the rotor
magnets departure away from the coil’s core while simultaneously attracting the rotor’s South Pole magnet.

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Figure 34 ReGenX Generator Prototype #1 Figure 35 ReGenX Generator Prototype #1
Figure 36 ReGenX Generator Prototype #2.
Figure 37 ReGenX Generator.
Prototype #2.
Figure 38.Commercially Manufactured
ReGenX Generator Coil Prototype #2.

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Figure 13 Conventional Toroid.
Transformer Prototype #2.
Figure 14 Bi-Toroid
Transformer.Prototype #2.Figure 25-B Commercially Manufactured ReGenX Coil.
Figure 39 Commercially Manufactured ReGenX
Permanent Magnet Rotor and ReGenX C Coils. Figure 40 Bi-Toroid Transformer US Patent.

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