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THINGS TO KNOW
   Modals are auxiliary verbs used to give a
    judgement or interpretation about an action or state.

   Modals cannot be the main verb of sentences.

   After a modal you always have to use the base
    form a the following.
WILL-SHALL (FUTURE)

   I will graduate in two years.



   I shall graduate in two years.

Contraction:

I’ll graduate in two years.
WOULD (CONDITIONAL)

I would love to visit New York.

-ía ending.
SHOULD-OUGHT TO (ADVICE AND
EXPECTATION)

   You should talk to your boss.



   He should be here by 9 o’clock.



 You ought to talk to your boss.
 He ought to be here by 9 o’clock.
MIGHT-MAY (PERMISSION AND POSSIBILITY)
   Permission.

May I borrow your pen?

You may leave the room.

   Possibility.

Where’s John?

He may be at the library.
He might be at the library.
CAN (ABILITY, POSSIBILITY, PERMISSION)
   Ability or possibility.

I can run very fast.

   Permission.

You can use my car tomorrow.

   Informal polite request.

Can I use your car tomorrow?
COULD (PAST OF CAN, SUGGESTION, POLITE
REQUEST, POSSIBILITY)
   Ability or possibility (in the past)

I could run very fast when I was a child.

   Possibility.

I could run very fast.

   Polite request.

Could I use your car tomorrow?

   Suggestion.

You could talk to your teacher.
MUST (STRONG NECESSITY, HIGH
PROBABILITY)

   Strong necessity.

I must register this asset today.

   High probability.

Ana must be studying.
NEGATIVES

   Add not after the modal.

 I can not run very fast.
 You should not talk to your boss.

 You could not talk to your teacher.

 I must not register this asset today.

 You may not leave the room.

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Modals

  • 1.
  • 2. THINGS TO KNOW  Modals are auxiliary verbs used to give a judgement or interpretation about an action or state.  Modals cannot be the main verb of sentences.  After a modal you always have to use the base form a the following.
  • 3. WILL-SHALL (FUTURE)  I will graduate in two years.  I shall graduate in two years. Contraction: I’ll graduate in two years.
  • 4. WOULD (CONDITIONAL) I would love to visit New York. -ía ending.
  • 5. SHOULD-OUGHT TO (ADVICE AND EXPECTATION)  You should talk to your boss.  He should be here by 9 o’clock.  You ought to talk to your boss.  He ought to be here by 9 o’clock.
  • 6. MIGHT-MAY (PERMISSION AND POSSIBILITY)  Permission. May I borrow your pen? You may leave the room.  Possibility. Where’s John? He may be at the library. He might be at the library.
  • 7. CAN (ABILITY, POSSIBILITY, PERMISSION)  Ability or possibility. I can run very fast.  Permission. You can use my car tomorrow.  Informal polite request. Can I use your car tomorrow?
  • 8. COULD (PAST OF CAN, SUGGESTION, POLITE REQUEST, POSSIBILITY)  Ability or possibility (in the past) I could run very fast when I was a child.  Possibility. I could run very fast.  Polite request. Could I use your car tomorrow?  Suggestion. You could talk to your teacher.
  • 9. MUST (STRONG NECESSITY, HIGH PROBABILITY)  Strong necessity. I must register this asset today.  High probability. Ana must be studying.
  • 10. NEGATIVES  Add not after the modal.  I can not run very fast.  You should not talk to your boss.  You could not talk to your teacher.  I must not register this asset today.  You may not leave the room.