Dermatoglyphics As A Preliminary Diagnostic Tool In Leukoplakia, Oral Submucous Fibrosis & Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

1. Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine
Jan – March 2017 Vol- 39 No -1
Dr.Nafeeya
Department of Forensic Medicine &Toxicology

2. Dermatoglyphics As A Preliminary Diagnostic Tool In
Leukoplakia, Oral Submucous Fibrosis & Oral Squamous Cell
Carcinoma
Smitha ,Ahmed Mujib et al
Post graduate students,
Prof. & Head,
Reader,
Senior Lecturer,
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology,
Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere.
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3. Overview
◎ Introduction
◎ AIM OF THE STUDY
◎ Materials & methods
◎ Results
◎ Discussion
◎ Medicolegal importance
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4. Introduction
◎ Dermatoglyphics-study of epidermal ridge patterns on fingers,
palms & soles .
◎ 10 -16 weeks of intrauterine life
◎ Different –identical twins
◎ Personal identification
◎ Reliable and Absolute method of identification
◎ Unusual dermatoglyphics
◎ Identifying high-risk people for oral cancer and precancerous
conditions.
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5. Aim of the study
◎ The study was undertaken to evaluate the frequency of
specific dermatoglyphic patterns exist which help in
predicting the occurrence of
◎ Leukoplakia,
◎ Oral submucous fibrosis,
◎ Oral squamous cell carcinoma,
◎ Healthy individuals.
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6. Material & methods
◎ Fingerprints of 160 individuals were taken .
◎ Divided into four groups,
◎ 40 patients - Leukoplakia,
◎ 40 patients – Oral submucous fibrosis,
◎ 40 patients –Oral squamous cell carcinoma,
◎ 40 -healthy individuals recorded .
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7. Procedure
◎ Korex Black duplicating ink was
uniformly spread over the fingers.
◎ Satisfactory prints were obtained from
the fingers.
◎ Then the finger print patterns were
analysed using Stereomicroscope Leica
Wild M3Z equipped with Jenoptik
Germany Progres Capture Pro Version
8.0.8
◎ Image analysis software.
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8. Observation
◎ In patients with leukoplakia,OSMF,& OSCC there is an increased
frequency (11%, 7.5% and 13% respectively) of arches and
frequency (59%, 62% and 49.5% respectively) of loops compared
to healthy group (5.75% and 49%).
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9. Results
◎ Total 160 fingerprints-studied.
◎ Loops were the most common pattern followed by whorls and
arches in all digits among all the groups.
◎ There was a significant difference in overall distribution of
fingerprint pattern in both hands and each digit.
◎ Frequency of different fingerprint patterns for individual digits in
both hands among 160 individuals are seen.
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10. Ulnar loop-All
groups
Plain whorl-
Healthy
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Right thumb
Right ring finger
Ulnar loop-All
groups
Plain whorl-
healthy,Oscc
Ulnar loop-All
groups
Central pocket
loop ,whorl
-healthy
Ring little digit
Frequency of distribution of fingerprint pattern

11. 11
Left thumb
Ulnar loop-All groups
Plain whorl- Healthy
Left index
Ulnar loop-All groups
Plain whorl-Healthy
Left middle
Plain whorl- Healthy
Ulnar loop-OSCC
Left ring
Ulnar loop-L,OSMF
plain whorl-OSCC
Left little digit
Ulnar loop-All groups
Tented arch –Leukoplakia
Plain whorl,ulnar loop -healthy

12. Pros & con
• They didn’t mention the
Right index & right
middle fingers findings
• None of the earliest
researches have done
analysis of frequency
distribution of fingerprint
pattern in
leukoplakia,OSMF &
OSCC.Hence there is no
findings for comparision.
Help us to identify -risk for developing oral
leukoplakia ,OSMF and OSCC, so that high
risk individuals can be identified and
preventive measures can be taken.
Serving as a vehicle to resolve broader
biomedical problems.
Preliminary investigations in conditions with
a suspected genetic basis.

13. ◎ Elluru Venkatesh, et al (2008)
◎ Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, KLE’S Institute
of Dental Sciences, Nehru Nagar, Belgaum, India
◎
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Palmar dermatoglyphics in oral
leukoplakia and oral squamous cell
carcinoma patients
Venkatesh E (2008), who studied finger print patterns of 30
in each group of patients with Oral Leukoplakia, OSCC and
controls found the similar results. In patients with oral
leukoplakia and OSCC, there was an increased frequency
of arches and loops whereas in control group there is an
increased frequency of whorls
Journal of
Indian
Academy
of Oral
Medicine
and
Radiology

14. ◎ Jatti, et al
◎ Department of Oral Medicine,& Radiology, Mathikere Sampige Ramaiah
Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
◎
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Role of dermatoglyphics in malignant
and potentially malignant disorders of
the oral cavity: A cross-sectional study
Jatti D (2014), who tried to find out the role of
dermatoglyphics in potentially malignant and malignant
disorders. According to which patients with potentially
malignant and malignant disorders had higher frequency of
distribution of arches and loops compared to control group.
Journal of
Indian
Academy
of Oral
Medicine
and
Radiology

15. ◎ Parvathi Devi Munishwar ,et al
◎ Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental
College and Research Centre, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Qualitative analysis of
dermatoglyphics in oral
submucous fibrosis
Collect the fingertip patterns of the gutka chewers with or
without OSMF. It consisted of 200 subjects divided into two
groups. Statistical analysis showed significant increase in
the percentage of loops among gutka chewers with OSMF ,
and significant increase in the whorl patterns among the
control group.
Journal of
Indian
Academy
of Oral
Medicine
and
Radiology

16. Discussion
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17. ◎ Dermatoglyphics is the scientific study of fingerprints.
◎ Dermatoglyphics is the method of identification,based on unique
epidermal ridge pattern on the tips of fingers .
◎ Most accurate ,unfailing method.
◎ Better method of identification.
◎ Permanent throught out life
◎ Advanced stage of decomposition
◎ Transmission –emailed & printed.
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18. 18
Amplify
vibration
to assist
in
gripping
rough &
wet
surface

19. 19
67%
25%
7%
1%

20. Discovery at crime scene
◎ Latent prints – need to develop –
◎ Plastic prints/3-dimentional
◎ Patent prints/visible
◎ Superglue fuming – recommended
technique.
Fingerprint from refrigerated body cannot be
recovered – condensation washes away
the prints.
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Physical
•Traditional
•Fluorescent
•Vacuum
•Enhancement
Chemical
•Cyanoacrylate
•Diazafluoren
•Iodine fuming
•Ninhydrin

21. Comparison of fingerprints
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Analysis
Comparison
Evaluation
Verification
16-20 points

22. ◎ DERMATOGLYPHICS ANALYSIS PROCEDURE-LIVING
◎ Dermatoglyphics Analysis Procedure includes collecting fingerprints,
◎ palm prints and foot prints.
◎ Washing the ridged areas with soap and water followed by drying.
◎ Step 1: Apply ink on the palms and stamp on paper.
◎ Step 2 : Scan prints into a computer to analyze the patterns on the prints.
◎ Step 3 : Calculate and analyze the number of prints in order to understand
genetic sequence.
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24. ◎ DERMATOGLYPHICS ANALYSIS PROCEDURE-DEAD
◎ Rigor mortis – Incision PIP
◎ Decomposed body-
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• Early
•In advanced
•Epidermis is missing
•Mummified
•Washer womens hand
10% formalin
20% acetic acid -
24-48 hrs Sodden or
wrinkled

25. Medicolegal importance
◎ Identification –Sex, Blood grouping, DNA profiling ,reveal drug users
◎ Finger printing in burnt bodies
◎ Authentication of sensitive document, To maintain identity records
◎ Prevention of impersonation
◎ Time of fingerprinting
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26. Referrences…
◎ Palmardermatoglyphicsin oralleukoplakiaandoralsquamouscell
carcinomapatients.ElluruVenkatesh,et al(2008).
◎ Roleof dermatoglyphicsin malignantandpotentiallymalignantdisorders
of theoralcavity:A cross-sectionalstudy.Jatti, et al.
◎ Qualitativeanalysisof dermatoglyphicsinoralsubmucousfibrosis.
ParvathiDeviMunishwar,etal .
◎ Anintroductionof forensicscience Richardsaferstein-9th edition.
◎ AnilAggrawal textbookof forensicmedicineandtoxicology.
◎ Narayanareddy textbookof forensicmedicineandtoxicology.
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