Female genitalia

1. FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM AND
ITS MEDICOLEGAL IMPORTANCE
Dr.Nafeeya
1st yr pg
Dep of FORENSIC MEDICINE and TOXICOLOGY

2. OVERVIEW
• Introduction
• External genitalia
• Internal genitalia
• Vasculature
• Medicolegal importance

3. Introduction
• Copulation
• Fertilization
• Growth and development of fetus
 Classified –External Genitalia
Internal Genitalia
Accessory Reproductive Organ

4. Female reproductive system

5. External genitalia
• Vulva or Pudentum
• Vulva consists of the following
 Mons pubis
 Labia majora
 Labia minora
 Clitoris
 Vestibule-4 openings
1. Urethral orifice
2. Vaginal orifies
3. Skenes duct
4. Bartholins duct

6. Blood supply
• Arteries :
• Branches of internal pudental artery.
• Branches of femoral artery
• Veins :
• Internal pudental vein
• Long saphenous vein
• Vesical or vaginal plexus.

7. Internal genitalia
• Vagina
• Cervix
• Uterus
• Fallopian tubes
• Ovaries

8. vagina
Connects the cervix to the
external genitals.
Located between the bladder
and rectum
Functions:
passage for menstrual flow
Birth canal
Bartholins gland – lubrication
cervix
Connects uterus to the vagina
Act as a safety precaution against
foreign body
During childbirth, the cervix dilates
to accomodate the passage of the fetus
Dialation –sign of labor begun
Uterus
Womb,pear shaped
Made up of endometrium ,myometrium,and perimetrium
Consists of blood enriched tissue that slough off each month during menstrual
cycle.

9. The powerful muscles of the uterus expand to accomodate growing fetus and push
it through the birth canal
Lies between rectum and bladder
Weight :50g -80g
Divided into 2 portions by isthmus
Position –ante version or ante flexion
Parts- fundus, body ,cervix
Blood supply-uterine artery
Sympathetic – T5 and T6 –Motor
T10 and L1 – sensory
Parasympathetic-both motor and sensory
S2,S3,S4

10. Fallopian tubes and ovaries
Serve as a pathway
for the ovum to the
uterus
Site for fertilization
Called uterine tubes
Fertilized egg take –
approximately 6 to 10
days to travel through
fallopian tube to
implant in the uterine
fundus.
Female gonads or sex glands
Develop and expel an ovum each
month
Women is born with
approximately 4 lakhs immature
eggs
During life time a women release
400 to 500 fully matured eggs for
fertilization
Follicles - produce female sex
hormones ,progesterone and
estrogen
Prepare the uterus for implantation
of fertilized egg

11. Medicolegal importance

12. • Virginity
• Question
1. Nullity of marriage
2. Divorce
3. Defamation
4. Rape
• Hymen
• Rupture
1. Accidental
2. Masturbation
3. Surgical operation
4. Foreign body
5. Ulceration
6. Scratching
7. Sanitary tampon

13. • Signs of virginity
• Hymen: intact,rigid,& inelastic,edges are distinct,smooth and
regular with a narrow opening.
• Labia majora:apposed to each other,fully developed and close to
vaginal orifice.
• Labia minora- both are in contact and covered by labia majora.
• Fourchette-intact
• Fossa navicularis-intact
• Vestibule –narrow
• Vagina-narrow , the rugae more folded.

14. • Pregnancy
• Attendence In Court As A Witness
• Sec 416 Cr.P.C
• Property
• Compensation
• Divorce
• Blackmail
• Unmarried/Widow/Wife Living Apart
• Pregnancy Is Alleged To Motive For Suicide/Murder
• Alleged Concealment Of Birth/Pregnancy/Infanticide
• Abortion :
• Product of conception are expelled either spontaneously or by induction ,before the
period of viability.
• 28 weeks

15. Medical termination of pregnancy act

16. • Sections
• Nullity of marriage- Sec -12 –Hindu Marriage Act.
• Divorce-Sec – 13
• Sec 416 IPC- reduction of capital punishment –Pregnancy.
• Sec 312 IPC-VOLUNTARILY
• CAUSING ABORTION WITH THE CONSENT OF THE WOMAN.
• Sec 313 IPC-ABORTION IS CAUSED WITHOUT THE CONSENT OF THE
WOMAN.
• Sec 314-PREGNANCY WOMEN DIES ,FROM AN ACT INTENDED TO
CAUSE MISCARRIAGE.
• Sec 315-A PERSON DOING AN ACT INTENDED TO PREVENT THE
CHILD FROM BEING BORN ALIVE.
• Sec 316-CAUSING DEATH OF A QUICK UNBORN CHILD BY AN ACT
AMOUNTING TO CULPABLE HOMICIDE.
• Sec 317 IPC-Abandoning an infant.
• Sec 318 IPC-Concealment of birth.

17. References
• Text book of obstetrics D.C.DUTTY
• Narayan reddy text book of Forensic medicine
& toxicology 34 th edition