Types of classification(1)

2. CLASSIFICATION TOXICITY
EXTREMELY TOXIC < 1MG/KG
HIGHLY TOXIC 1-50MG/KG
MODERATELY TOXIC 50-500MG/KG
SLIGHTLY TOXIC 0.5-5GM/KG
PRACTICALLY NON TOXIC 5-15GM/KG
RELATIVELY HARMLESS > 15GM/KG

3. Exremely and Highly toxic
chemicals
0 – 50 mg/kg range
(taste 1 teaspoonful)
mg/kg
 Botulinus toxin
0.00001
 Dioxin 0.1
 Parathion 13.0
 Strychnine 30.0
 Nicotine 50.0
Moderately toxic chemicals
50- - 500 mg/kg range
(teaspoonful 1 ounce)
mg/kg
 Paraquat 95
 Caffeine 200
 Carbaryl 270
 Malathion 370

4. Slightly toxic chemicals
500 – 5,000 mg/kg range
(1 ounce 1 pint)
mg/kg
 2,4-DP 532
 Triclpoyr 630
 Tebuthiuron 644
 Dicamba 757
mg/kg
 Formaldehyde 800
 Hexazinone 1,690
 Asprin 1,700
 Vitamin B3 1,700
 Household bleach 2,000
 Table salt 3,750
 Glyphosate 4,320
etc.

5.  1. Accidental toxicants
 2. Suicidal toxicants
 3. Homicidal toxicants
 4. Stupefying toxicants

6. examples:
 Liquid bleach
 Methyl alcohol
 Tablets
 Contaminated food
 Animal bites such as: snake bite, wasp,
etc.,

7. Examples:
Arsenic
Hydrogen cyanide
Opium
Oleander
Potassium cyanide
Powderd glass

8.  Examples:
 Arsenic
 Aconite
 Croton tiglium
 Opium
 Dhutoora
 Khuchla
 thallium

9. Examples:
 Chloroform
 Sulphuric acid
 Chloral hydrate
 Olax(fish stupefying)
 Dhatura
 Cannabis
 Ergot
 Chloral hydrate

10.  1. Corrosive poisons or toxicants
 2. Irritant poisons or toxicants

11. PROPERTIES:
 Highly active
 Highly irritant
 Produce inflammation
 Ulceration
 Tissue and organ damage

12.  MINERAL ACIDS e.g., HNO3
HCL
H2SO4
ORGANIC ACID e.g., formic acid
acetic acid
oxalic acid
Hydrocyanic
acid
CONC. ALKALIES e.g., caustic
soda
caustic potash

13. This is dilute form of corrosive poison.
It act as an irritant.
It produces:
-Irritation
-Burning
-Abdominal pain
-Vomiting
-Diarrhoea

14.  NON-METALLIC
Bromine
Iodine
chlorine
Phosphorus
 METALLIC
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Arsenic

15.  VEGETABLE
Castor oil seed
Dhutura seeds
Croton tiglium
 ANIMAL
Snake venom
Insect venom-Bees
-Wasps
-Ants
 MECHANICAL
Glass
Diamond
(powdered form both)

16. 1. neurotic toxicants
 2. spinal cord toxicants
 3. Peripheral nervous system toxicants
 4. Cardiac poisons
 5. Asphyxiants

17.  6.hepatotoxicants
 alcohol,aflotoxins,carbon tetrachloride,
 bromobenzene
 7.Nephrotoxicants
 Metals,chloroform

18. “Affects the central nervous system”
SOMNIFEROUS – induces sleep or sleep like
conditions.
e.g., snake bite
Snake venom
Opium & it’s byproducts
INEBRANT - produces two sets of
symptoms: i. excitement
ii. Narcosis
e.g., alcohol
methyl alcohol
fuels

20. “Effects spinal cord”
Examples:
- Belladona
- Aconite
- Dhatura

21.  Examples:
Conium and Curare
From conium Alkaloides are produced
i.e.,
Concline
Methyl Concline

22. Examples:
 Snake venom
 Bee venom
 Scorpion venom
 Oleander seeds
 Castor oil seeds
 Nicotine from tobacco
 Cocaine
 Aconite
 Cannabis sativa

23.  Produce respiratory problems such as
suffocation, lung problems, etc.,
 CO2
 CO
 Nitrous oxide
 WAR Gases

24. i. TEAR GASES or LACRIMOTOR
 CAP (chloroacetophenone)
 BBC (bromobenzylcyanide)
ii. LUNG IRRITANTS
 Chlorine gas
 Phosgene

25. iii. BLISTER GASES
 Mustard gas
 DES- Dichloroethylsulphide
iv. VOMITING GAS
 DPC- Diphenylchlorirosine

26.  Plant origin
 Apple seeds
 Plum ,cherry ,almond(l&s)
 Oleander (leaves&branches)
 Potato(solanine&chocanine)
 Tomato(rutin&tomatin)
 Cannabis sativa
 Croton tiglium
 Daffodils
 Fox glove (leaves)

27.  Oral
 Parenteral
 Crinotoxins

28.  Saxitoxin (dinoflagellates)
 Saxitoxin (Fresh water mussels)
 Tetramine(whelk)
 (clupeotoxin)Thread herring

29.  Tetramine (physalia)
 Cardiotoxin(sea wasp)
 Cephalotoxin(octopus)
 Melittin(hony bee)
 Formic acid(ant)

30.  Cantharidin(blister beetles)
 samanine, samandarone(salamander)
 bufotoxin, bufogenins(toads)
 Batrachotoxin(tree frog)

31.  Aflatoxins
 Ochratoxin
 Citrinin
 Ergotamine
 Patulin