This document discusses listening and speaking skills in language learning. It defines listening as an active process that involves comprehension, monitoring, and evaluation. Four basic types of listening are described: active, selective, ignoring, and empathic. The teaching of listening is viewed as either comprehension or acquisition, with spoken discourse being instantaneous and unplanned. Speaking employs more vague language and varies between formal and informal registers. The importance of speaking skills for career enhancement and encouraging communication is highlighted. Implications for language teaching include focusing on different kinds of talk like interaction, transaction, and performance.

1. Listening and
Speaking
NHLANHLA TSOTETSI

2. INTRODUCTION
•
Listening skills are ways to help you
listen to something more effectively.

3. CONT……….
•
Teaching listening and speaking skills has become vital to learning a second
language.
•
Listening was thought of as a mastery of skills, such as identifying key words and
recognizing reduced words.
•
It then became bottom-up and top-down, followed by prior knowledge and
schema.
•
The current view is that a listener is an active participant that uses facilitation,
monitoring, and evaluating strategies

4. WHY IS LISTENING IS IMPORTANT.
 To
avoid communication errors.
 Key to success.
 Learn something
new.

5. Basic Types Of Listening
Active
listening
Selective listening
 Ignoring listening
Emphatic listening

6. The Teaching of Listening
•
2 views: listening as comprehension and listening as
acquisition.
•
Listening as comprehension is based on the main function
of listening in second language learning is to facilitate
understanding of spoken discourse.
•
Spoken discourse is instantaneous, unplanned, uses
hesitations, reduced forms, fillers and repeats, and a linear
structure

7. The Teaching of Speaking
Employs
more vague or generic
words than written language.
Show variation between formal and
informal speech.
May be planned or unplanned

8. Difference between hearing and
listening…

Hearing and Listening are not same.

Hearing: Hearing is with the senses. Ears pick up
sound waves and then transported to our
brain.

Listening: Listening is with the mind.
Communication process and,
to be successful is an active
process.

9. Great Listeners

MIND READER: Ask what the person is thinking or
feeling.

REHEARSER: Let the customer finish their thoughts
before determining what question to ask next.

FILTERER: Be aware of your own assumptions.

DREAMER: Stay present.

10. Importance Of Speaking Skills

Ability to convey your information in a
proper way

Ability to stand out from the rest

Career enhancement

Encouraging people to communicate with
each other.

11. Implications for Teaching

What kinds of speaking skills does the course focus on?

Identifying teaching strategies for each kind of talk
 Talk
as Interaction: “small talk”, personal experiences
 Talk
as Transaction: role play, small group activities
 Talk
as Performance: examples of speeches

12. REFERENCE
 Richards,
Jack C. Teaching Listening and
Speaking: From Theory to Practice.
 Bias Laram