presented by HAFIZ M WASEEM university of education LAHORE Pakistan i am from mailsi vehari and studied in lahore bsc in science college multan msc from lahore

1. UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION
LOWER MALL CAMPUS LAHORE
■Assignment topic=
Myeloproliferative
neoplasms

2. HAFIZ M WASEEM UNIVERSITY
OF EDUCATION LAHORE

3. Contents
■ Defination
■ Symptoms
■ Types
■ Diagnonis
■ Treatment

4. Myeloproliferative neoplasms
■ Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are a group of rare blood cancers in
which excess red blood cells, white blood cells or platelets are produced in the
bone marrow.
■ Myelo refers to the bone marrow, proliferative describes the rapid growth of
blood cells and neoplasm describes that growth as abnormal and uncontrolled.
■ This overproduction of blood cells in the bone marrow can create problems for
blood flow and lead to various symptoms.

5. Symptoms
■ Myeloproliferative neoplasms often develops slowly. Symptoms may not be seen in the very
early stages. The first signs are usually due to an enlarged spleen or related to abnormal
blood counts.
■ Fatigue, weakness, or shortness of breath.
■ Poor appetite
■ Enlarged liver
■ Pale skin
■ Easy bruising or bleeding
■ Flat, red, pinpoint spots under the skin caused by bleeding
■ Excessive night sweats
■ Fever

6. Types
■ There are three main types of MPNs:
■ Polycythemia vera (PV)
■ Essential thrombocythemia (ET)
■ Myelofibrosis (MF)

7. Polycythemia vera (PV)
■ It thickens the blood which means it doesn’t flow as quickly, so it’s more like
maple syrup than water. PV occurs when the body makes too many red blood
cells.
■ Red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen through the body.
■ Essential Thrombocythemia (ET); ET occurs when the body makes too many
platelets, the part of the blood needed for clotting.
■ There is no cure for ET but people with the disease often live normal lives.
■ Myelofibrosis;.People with this have too many immature white and red blood
cells. The web of fibers inside the bone marrow becomes thick, like scar tissue.
This causes fewer and fewer red blood cells to be made.

8. Diagnosis
Myeloproliferative Neoplasm is non-curable. Following test are used for
diagnosis of myeloproliferative neoplasms.
■ Complete blood count: a blood test that measures the white blood cells, red
blood cells, and platelets in the blood
■ Ultrasound: uses high-frequency sound waves to look at organs and structures
inside the body (including the spleen)
■ MRI: a scan that uses magnets and radio frequency waves to produce images
of the inside of the body

9. Continue
■ Bone marrow examination: removal of a small amount of your bone and bone
marrow for laboratory analysis
■ Genetic tests: analysis of a sample of your blood or bone marrow tissue to
study the genetic make-up.

10. Treatment
■ Chemotherapy: Powerful medications are used to kill extra blood cells in your
body. You may get this through an IV, or you could be given a pill that you take
by mouth.
■ Radiation therapy: High-powered X-rays or other types of radiation can lower
the number of blood cells you have and may relieve your symptoms.
■ Phlebotomy: A unit of blood can be removed from you in order to decrease red
blood cell counts.
■ Gene therapy: New medications may be able to block or repair the mutated
gene that causes MPD.