2. Vocabulary
Colonialism-
the control or governing influence of a nation over a
dependent country, territory, or people.
Nationalism-
The belief that people should be loyal to those with
whom they share common history, customs, origins,
and sometimes language or religion. People who
share these things often think of themselves as a
distinct nation.
3. Under Colonialism
Many Indians felt as they were being treated as
second-class citizens
British citizens living in India were given better
jobs and education as well as positions of
authority
Indians living under British rule were deprived
opportunities to succeed in their own countries
4. Under Colonialism
British East India Company-
wanted to exploit trade with East Asia, Southeast
Asia, and India
Sepoy Rebellion (1857)
[Sepoy was an Indian soldier in the British army]
Large numbers of Sepoys mutinied against the
British army
In 1858, the British government took direct
command over India.
By 1873, the company had lost its power.
6. Groups Advocating the Rights of Indians
Indian National Congress
Founded in 1885
Attracted mainly Indian Hindus
Muslim League
Founded in 1906
Attracted Indians who followed
Islam
Lucknow Pact (1916)
Alliance between the 2 groups
7. Start of Nationalism
Years of contact with the British taught the
Indians about the Western ideas of Democracy
and Self-Government
Indians joined the British during World War I,
hoping to be rewarded with more control of
their government
Britain promised India they would help them
work toward self-government
8. Leaders of Indian Independence
Mohandas K. Gandhi.
believed in nonviolent
resistance as well as a full
boycott on all things British
(including goods, schools and
universities, and courts)
Civil disobedience- breaking
unfair laws using non-violence
Marches
Speeches
Protests
Media
Fasting
9. Rowlatt Act (1919)
Passed during WWI to control the public
Effectively authorized the government to imprison,
without trial, any person suspected of terrorism
Protestors and anyone who spoke out against the
government was arrested without trial for up to 2
years.
10. Amritsar Massacre (1919)
Peaceful gathering of men, women, and children in
a garden area in Amritsar for a religious celebration
British soldiers fired on the crowd claiming they
were there illegally
About 400 deaths and more than 200 wounded.
United the country against the British
11.
12. Amritsar Massacre (1919)
"The incident in Jallian
Wala Bagh was an
extraordinary event, a
monstrous event, an
event which stands in
singular and sinister
isolation".
Winston Churchill
13. When the British finally agreed to grant India its
independence, the cooperation between the
Indian Hindus and Indian Muslims began to
diminish
The Muslim League called for a separate
country for the Muslim minority
The British agreed it would be best to divide the
country based on the concentration of Hindus
and Muslims
Partition of India
14.
15. Partition of India
The country was
divided into 3 parts,
creating two new
countries:
East & West
Pakistan
16.
17. Indian Independence
August 15th, 1947
India gained its freedom from British colonial rule
and became an independent nation
18. SUMMARY
Explain the role of Nationalism that led to
India’s independence. Include the following in
your summary:
Role of colonialism
Gandhi and Non-violence
Rowlett Act
Amritsar Massacre
Partition of India
