Vermicomposting in nepal. this presentation present in kyungpook national University, south korea by mahesh sapkota, nepal

1. Presented By
Mr. Mahesh Sapkota (2023035225)
(Department of Food Security And Agriculture Development)
KNU, Daegu South Korea
16Th October , 2023
WELCOME
Prof: Yoonha Kim
Vermicomposting in Nepal

2. Presentation Outline
 Nepal at a glance
 Vermicompost Introduction
 Purpose of vermicomposting
 Ecological categories of Earthworm
 Suitable earthworm for Vermicomposting
 Life cycle f earthworm
 Vermicompost Preparation
 Harvesting
 Point to be noted

3. Land Locked Country - between China and India
Areas : - (147181 sq. km) , 0.3% in Asia, 0.03% in the World,
Nepal at a glance

4.  Name : Federal Democratic Republic of
Nepal
 Capital : Kathmandu
 Population : Approx. 29.19 Million
 Population growth Rate : 1.8%
 National Language : Nepali, However
Nepal has more than 105 ethnic groups & 92
Spoken Language.
 Politics : Multiparty Democracy System
 Currency : Rupees, paisa
 Poverty: 17.4 %
Nepal at a glance….

5. Nepal at a glance….
3 Ecological region and Seven province of Nepal
 Mountain : 35%
 Hill : 42%
 Plain /Terai : 23 %
Four Season:
 Winter
 Spring
 Summer
 Autumn

6. Introduction
Vermicompost:- Is the product or process of Composting using Various worms
usually red wigglers and other earthworm To create a heterogenous mixture
of decomposing vegetable or food waste and vermicast
Vermicast:- also called worm Casting or worm manure is the fecal matter of
an earthworm.
This process of producing vermicompost is called vermicomposting
Vermiculture:-(rearing earthworm) is actually a animal husbandy

7. Ecological categories of earthworm

8. Earthworm suitable for Vermicomposting
 Epigeic species of earthworms with their natural ability to colonize organic waste
 High rate of consumption, digestion and assimilation of organic matter
 Tolerance to a wide range of environmental factor
 Short life cycle
 High reproductive rates
 Endurance and tolerance of handling
Only few earthworm species display all these characterstics Eisenia andrei,
Eisenia foetida, Lumbricus rubelus, Perionyx excavates, Lampita mauritti etc.
Eisenia foetida Eisenia andrei

9. Life cycle of earthworm

10. Eisenia foetida is widely used earthworm species for vermicomposting
due to its
 Good reproductive potential
 Good digestive potential
 Good adaptation

11. Vermicompost preparation
Requirements
1. Space/Bin/Structure
2. Bedding Materials
3. Biodegradable wastes
4. Earthworms
5. Cover
6. Water
7. Screening mesh
Note:-Space with protection
from direct sunlight and rain
water is preferable
Permanent RCC Construction

12. Other space
1. Plastic bins and buckets
2. Earthen pots
3. Wooden Boxes
4. Styrofoam basket
5. Permanent RCC Structure

13. Bedding materials
1. Husk
2. Straw
3. Bark
4. Leaves
5. Rice bran
6. Saw dust

14. Biodegradable wastes
1. Kitchen scraps
2. Cattle dung
3. Waste paper
4. Waste cotton cloths
5. Farm weeds

15. Things to be avoided
 Acidic materials like pickle,
citrus, orange etc.
 Excessive garlic and onion
 Excessive radish
 Meat product
 Milk product
 Alcoholic product

16. Earthworms
 1 kg worm for space of 1m. length and 1m.
breath
 1 kg worms need ½ kg waste per day
Cover
 Jute Sheet
 Paper
 Hay
 Straw
 leaves

17. Water
 Water Should be sprayed time to
time to prevent from making dry
 Spraying is necessary at dry
season than at rainy season
Screening Mesh
 Mesh of size 1.5
mm is suitable

18. Rearing method
 Selection of space and bin
 Holes at bin/ Drainage at pit
 Bedding:- 3 inch of saw dust,rice bran, leaf
litter, hay etc. can be sprayed at bottom and
water can be sprayed
 Waste and scraps can be laid avobe bedding
 Suitable amount of worms can be placed at one
corner where they spread with timr
 Wet cover can be used to cover whole process
 Waste can be added with interval of 2 days
 Waste should not be given to worms for 1 week
before harvesting vermicompost
 Vermicompost can be harvested after 3 months

19. Harvesting
 News paper or plastic sheet is laid down in the floor and vermicompost in the
bin is poured on the paper at dusk time with dim light
 The vermicompost is then made small heaps and left for and hour
 Whole worms settle down at bottom where compost at upper surface can be
removed
 Screening the final compost by 1.5mm mesh and packed for storage

20. Enemies of worms
1. Rats:- Cactus, Traps
2. Mites:- Cattle urine, EM, Jeevatu
3. Red ants :- Cattle urine, EM, Jeevatu
4. Frogs
5. Birds

21. Point to be noted
 Waste in small size is better for worms
 Vegetable may contain pesticide residue which may affect worms. So it is
better to give after 2 days of storage
 High moisture and Low moisture can cause death of worms
 Place or bin should be free of sunlight and rain
 Fresh cattle dung can not be used which may harm due to heat

22. Chemical properties of Vermicompost
Source:-
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329981055_Effect_of_organic_and_inorganic_fertilizers_with_foliar_application_of_gibberellic_acid_on_productivity_profitability_and
_soil_health_of_marigold_Tagetes_erecta_L_cv_Pusa_Narangi_Gainda

23. Multiple uses of Eartworm
• In pigerry:- Pig meal
• In Poultrty:- poultry meal
• Human Meal
• Fish meal
• Aquariam fish meal etc.

24. Thank you for your patience