2. Using a multispectral drone for each sampling time as June,
July, August in 5 different sites of pasture type.
Design the site sampling approach for each drone site. For
each drone site (4 hectares), place five quadrats (four in the
corners and one in the center of the site square). Within each
quadrat (50x50 cm plot), measure and record all possible
information same as all sampling points.
Additionally collecting land use/land cover information for
each sample place. Information required for each sample unit:
o latitude and longitude
o land use/land cover type
o spatial coverage
o date of field survey
o degree of human and herders disturbance
Drone site (4 Hectares)
Quadrat
of 50x50cm
Spatial-Temporal Data Collection
3. At study region, we collect a 95
sampling point for each sampling
time as of June, July, August in
different types of pasture. Including
UAV site. Therefore, we will have
3*95 = 285 samples in total.
For each sampling point (50x50cm
plot), estimate and record
information including
Spectral signature of sampling site as
each quadrat using MS-720
Spectroradiometer (350 - 1050 nm)
total percent coverage of live plants
list of plant species observed
percent coverage of each plant
species
average vertical height of all plants
fresh weight
dry weight
Soil samples (moisture in 20 cm)
field photo
4. Main instruments for field data collection
Multispectral drone
One RGB sensor for visible light
imaging and five monochrome
sensors for multispectral imaging
Blue: 450 nm ±16nm
Green: 560 nm±16nm
Red: 650 nm ±16nm
Red edge: 730 nm±16nm
Near-Infrared: 840nm±16nm
MS-720 Spectroradiometer
• Poratble reference measurements UV - VIS - NIR
• High optical resolution
• Wavelength range is 350 - 1050 nm
5. Data capture
5
80 m
Multispectral drone
4 Hectares
MS-720 Spectroradiometer
1.5 cm
50x50cm
Temporal Data (Three times)
From June 15 to 21, 2020
From July 14 to 20, 2020
From August 13 to 19, 2020
7. 7
NDVI (NORMALISED DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX)
•NDVI quantifies vegetation by measuring the difference between NIR (which
vegetation strongly reflects) and RED light (which vegetation absorbs).
•NDVI always ranges from -1 to +1. A higher value refers to greener and healthier
vegetation. Lower values show unhealthy & sparse vegetation.
NDVI=(NIR−Red)/(NIR+Red)
GNDVI (GREEN NORMALISED DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX)
•Similar to NDVI except it measures green spectrum instead of red spectrum. This
index is more sensitive to chlorophyll concentration as compared to NDVI and is
commonly used to determine water and nitrogen uptake into the plant canopy.
GNDVI=(NIR−Green)/(NIR+Green)
NDRE (NORMALISED DIFFERENCE RED EDGE INDEX)
•NDRE uses the method of NDVI to normalise the ratio of NIR radiation to Red Edge
(RE) radiation
•It is sensitive to chlorophyll content in leaves (how green a leaf appears), variability in
leaf area, and soil background effects.
NDRE=(NIR−RedEdge)/(NIR+RedEdge)
8. 8
LCI (CHLOROPHYLL INDEX)
•The chlorophyll index is used to calculate the total chlorophyll content of the leaves.
The total chlorophyll content is linearly correlated with the difference between the
reciprocal reflectance of green/ red-edge bands and the NIR band.
•The green and red spectrum values are sensitive to small variations in the chlorophyll
content and consistent across most plant species.
LCI=(NIR/Green)−1
OSAVI (OPTIMISED SOILADJUSTED VEGETATION INDEX)
•OSAVI introduces a constant value of 0.16 for the canopy background adjustment
factor. This index determines soil background from vegetation cover.
OSAVI=(NIR−R)/(NIR+R+0.16)
