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Blood
PRACTICE QUIZ
Match the functions of blood:
 Preventing blood loss
 Maintaining body temperature
 Maintaining pH
 Preventing infection
 Maintaining fluid volume in circulatory
system
 Protective
 Regulatory
Match the functions of blood:
 Preventing blood loss
 Maintaining body temperature
 Maintaining pH
 Preventing infection
 Maintaining fluid volume in circulatory
system
 Protective
 Regulatory
Blood is a connective tissue in which _____ is the
non-living matrix and dissolved proteins become
_____ strands during clotting.
 Formed elements, plasma
 Formed elements, platelets
 Plasma, platelets
 Plasma, fibrin
Blood is a connective tissue in which _____ is the
non-living matrix and dissolved proteins become
_____ strands during clotting.
 Formed elements, plasma
 Formed elements, platelets
 Plasma, platelets
 Plasma, fibrin
This is the percentage of erythrocytes in a
blood sample, usually around 45%:
 Buffy coat
 Erythrocytes
 Leukocytes
 Hematocrit
 Plasma
 Albumin
This is the percentage of erythrocytes in a
blood sample, usually around 45%:
 Buffy coat
 Erythrocytes
 Leukocytes
 Hematocrit
 Plasma
 Albumin
This large protein is the major contributor
to plasma oncotic pressure:
 Buffy coat
 Erythrocytes
 Leukocytes
 Hematocrit
 Plasma
 Albumin
This large protein is the major contributor
to plasma oncotic pressure:
 Buffy coat
 Erythrocytes
 Leukocytes
 Hematocrit
 Plasma
 Albumin
This is 90% water, but contains over 100
dissolved solutes:
 Buffy coat
 Erythrocytes
 Leukocytes
 Hematocrit
 Plasma
 Albumin
This is 90% water, but contains over 100
dissolved solutes:
 Buffy coat
 Erythrocytes
 Leukocytes
 Hematocrit
 Plasma
 Albumin
This thin, whitish layer of leukocytes and platelets
forms between the erythrocytes and the plasma in a
sample:
 Buffy coat
 Erythrocytes
 Leukocytes
 Hematocrit
 Plasma
 Albumin
This thin, whitish layer of leukocytes and platelets
forms between the erythrocytes and the plasma in a
sample:
 Buffy coat
 Erythrocytes
 Leukocytes
 Hematocrit
 Plasma
 Albumin
These are white blood cells:
 Buffy coat
 Erythrocytes
 Leukocytes
 Hematocrit
 Plasma
 Albumin
These are white blood cells:
 Buffy coat
 Erythrocytes
 Leukocytes
 Hematocrit
 Plasma
 Albumin
These are red blood cells:
 Buffy coat
 Erythrocytes
 Leukocytes
 Hematocrit
 Plasma
 Albumin
These are red blood cells:
 Buffy coat
 Erythrocytes
 Leukocytes
 Hematocrit
 Plasma
 Albumin
Which of the following statements about
the formed elements are true?
 Blood cells divide in the plasma, and continually replace themselves
 Erythrocytes have no nuclei
 Platelets are cells that rupture to stop bleeding
 Most of the formed elements only last for a few days in the blood
Which of the following statements about
the formed elements are true?
 Blood cells divide in the plasma, and continually replace themselves
stem cells in the red marrow divide to replace blood cells
 Erythrocytes have no nuclei
 Platelets are cells that rupture to stop bleeding
platelets are cell fragments
 Most of the formed elements only last for a few days in the blood
What is the function of spectrin in RBCs?
 Spectrin forms the extracellular matrix which anchors the agglutinogens that
determine ABO blood typing
 Spectrin gives hemoglobin its three dimensional shape
 Spectin is the part of hemoglobin that oxygen binds to
 Spectrin creates a flexible endoskeleton that gives RBCs their characteristic
concave disc shape and allows for compression and flexion as they navigate the
capillaries
What is the function of spectrin in RBCs?
 Spectrin forms the extracellular matrix which anchors the agglutinogens that
determine ABO blood typing
 Spectrin gives hemoglobin its three dimensional shape
 Spectin is the part of hemoglobin that oxygen binds to
 Spectrin creates a flexible endoskeleton that gives RBCs their characteristic
concave disc shape and allows for compression and flexion as they navigate the
capillaries
Which of the following make erythrocytes
an ideal oxygen carrier?
 The small size and disc shape give erythrocytes a high surface to volume ratio
ideal for gas diffusion
 RBCs are 97% hemoglobin
 RBCs generate ATP solely by anaerobic metabolism
 All of the above
Which of the following make erythrocytes
an ideal oxygen carrier?
 The small size and disc shape give erythrocytes a high surface to volume ratio
ideal for gas diffusion
 RBCs are 97% hemoglobin
 RBCs generate ATP solely by anaerobic metabolism
 All of the above
How many molecules of oxygen can each
hemoglobin molecule transport?
 1
 2
 4
 8
How many molecules of oxygen can each
hemoglobin molecule transport?
 1
 2
 4
 8
This is hemoglobin with oxygen bound:
 Heme
 Globin
 Oxyhemoglobin
 Deoxyhemoglobin
 Carbaminohemoglobin
This is hemoglobin with oxygen bound:
 Heme
 Globin
 Oxyhemoglobin
 Deoxyhemoglobin
 Carbaminohemoglobin
This is hemoglobin after offloading
oxygen, reduced hemoglobin:
 Heme
 Globin
 Oxyhemoglobin
 Deoxyhemoglobin
 Carbaminohemoglobin
This is hemoglobin after offloading
oxygen, reduced hemoglobin:
 Heme
 Globin
 Oxyhemoglobin
 Deoxyhemoglobin
 Carbaminohemoglobin
This red pigment contains the iron that
binds to oxygen:
 Heme
 Globin
 Oxyhemoglobin
 Deoxyhemoglobin
 Carbaminohemoglobin
This red pigment contains the iron that
binds to oxygen:
 Heme
 Globin
 Oxyhemoglobin
 Deoxyhemoglobin
 Carbaminohemoglobin
This is hemoglobin with carbon dioxide
bound:
 Heme
 Globin
 Oxyhemoglobin
 Deoxyhemoglobin
 Carbaminohemoglobin
This is hemoglobin with carbon dioxide
bound:
 Heme
 Globin
 Oxyhemoglobin
 Deoxyhemoglobin
 Carbaminohemoglobin
Two alpha and two beta chains of this are
in each hemoglobin:
 Heme
 Globin
 Oxyhemoglobin
 Deoxyhemoglobin
 Carbaminohemoglobin
Two alpha and two beta chains of this are
in each hemoglobin:
 Heme
 Globin
 Oxyhemoglobin
 Deoxyhemoglobin
 Carbaminohemoglobin
Erythrocyte production begins when
hemocytoblasts transform into these:
 Hematopoeisis
 Erythropoiesis
 Erythroblast
 Reticulocyte
 Erythropoietin
Erythrocyte production begins when
hemocytoblasts transform into these:
 Hematopoeisis
 Erythropoiesis
 Erythroblast
 Reticulocyte
 Erythropoietin
This immature RBC has ejected its nucleus and
organelles, but still contains ribosomes:
 Hematopoeisis
 Erythropoiesis
 Erythroblast
 Reticulocyte
 Erythropoietin
This immature RBC has ejected its nucleus and
organelles, but still contains ribosomes:
 Hematopoeisis
 Erythropoiesis
 Erythroblast
 Reticulocyte
 Erythropoietin
This is the process of RBC production, which
takes place in the red marrow:
 Hematopoeisis
 Erythropoiesis
 Erythroblast
 Reticulocyte
 Erythropoietin
This is the process of RBC production, which
takes place in the red marrow:
 Hematopoeisis
 Erythropoiesis
 Erythroblast
 Reticulocyte
 Erythropoietin
This hormone, produced in the kidneys
stimulates erythrocyte production:
 Hematopoeisis
 Erythropoiesis
 Erythroblast
 Reticulocyte
 Erythropoietin
This hormone, produced in the kidneys
stimulates erythrocyte production:
 Hematopoeisis
 Erythropoiesis
 Erythroblast
 Reticulocyte
 Erythropoietin
Which of the following statements about
EPO production are true?
 EPO is produced mainly in the kidneys
 Hypoxia leads to insufficient degrading of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF), which
accelerates synthesis of EPO
 Anything that leads to hypoxia or reduced oxygen transport can trigger EPO
production
 All of these are true
Which of the following statements about
EPO production are true?
 EPO is produced mainly in the kidneys
 Hypoxia leads to insufficient degrading of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF), which
accelerates synthesis of EPO
 Anything that leads to hypoxia or reduced oxygen transport can trigger EPO
production
 All of these are true
Iron is stored in cells as _____ and _____, and
transported in the blood as _____.
 Transferrin, ferritin, hemosiderin
 Ferritin, hemosiderin, transferrin
 Hemosiderin, transferrin, ferritin
Iron is stored in cells as _____ and _____, and
transported in the blood as _____.
 Transferrin, ferritin, hemosiderin
 Ferritin, hemosiderin, transferrin
 Hemosiderin, transferrin, ferritin
Erythrocytes have a life span of ____ days:
 60-90
 90-100
 100-120
 120-140
Erythrocytes have a life span of ____ days:
 60-90
 90-100
 100-120
 120-140
This can result from hemorrhage, dietary
deficiency, or impaired iron absorption:
 Hemorrhagic anemia
 Iron deficiency anemia
 Pernicious anemia
 Renal anemia
 Aplastic anemia
 Thalassemia
 Sickle cell anemia
 Hemolytic anemia
This can result from hemorrhage, dietary
deficiency, or impaired iron absorption:
 Hemorrhagic anemia
 Iron deficiency anemia
 Pernicious anemia
 Renal anemia
 Aplastic anemia
 Thalassemia
 Sickle cell anemia
 Hemolytic anemia
In this condition, an absent or faulty globin
chain leads to hemoglobin deficient RBCs:
 Hemorrhagic anemia
 Iron deficiency anemia
 Pernicious anemia
 Renal anemia
 Aplastic anemia
 Thalassemia
 Sickle cell anemia
 Hemolytic anemia
In this condition, an absent or faulty globin
chain leads to hemoglobin deficient RBCs:
 Hemorrhagic anemia
 Iron deficiency anemia
 Pernicious anemia
 Renal anemia
 Aplastic anemia
 Thalassemia
 Sickle cell anemia
 Hemolytic anemia
In this condition, an amino acid substitution
causes beta globin chains to link together in
low oxygen conditions:
 Hemorrhagic anemia
 Iron deficiency anemia
 Pernicious anemia
 Renal anemia
 Aplastic anemia
 Thalassemia
 Sickle cell anemia
 Hemolytic anemia
In this condition, an amino acid substitution
causes beta globin chains to link together in
low oxygen conditions:
 Hemorrhagic anemia
 Iron deficiency anemia
 Pernicious anemia
 Renal anemia
 Aplastic anemia
 Thalassemia
 Sickle cell anemia
 Hemolytic anemia
In this disease of the elderly, inability to
absorb B12 leads prevents mitosis in
developing erythrocytes:
 Hemorrhagic anemia
 Iron deficiency anemia
 Pernicious anemia
 Renal anemia
 Aplastic anemia
 Thalassemia
 Sickle cell anemia
 Hemolytic anemia
In this disease of the elderly, inability to
absorb B12 leads prevents mitosis in
developing erythrocytes:
 Hemorrhagic anemia
 Iron deficiency anemia
 Pernicious anemia
 Renal anemia
 Aplastic anemia
 Thalassemia
 Sickle cell anemia
 Hemolytic anemia
This is caused by a lack of EPO, leading to
insufficient numbers of erythrocytes:
 Hemorrhagic anemia
 Iron deficiency anemia
 Pernicious anemia
 Renal anemia
 Aplastic anemia
 Thalassemia
 Sickle cell anemia
 Hemolytic anemia
This is caused by a lack of EPO, leading to
insufficient numbers of erythrocytes:
 Hemorrhagic anemia
 Iron deficiency anemia
 Pernicious anemia
 Renal anemia
 Aplastic anemia
 Thalassemia
 Sickle cell anemia
 Hemolytic anemia
This can be due to rapid or chronic blood
loss:
 Hemorrhagic anemia
 Iron deficiency anemia
 Pernicious anemia
 Renal anemia
 Aplastic anemia
 Thalassemia
 Sickle cell anemia
 Hemolytic anemia
This can be due to rapid or chronic blood
loss:
 Hemorrhagic anemia
 Iron deficiency anemia
 Pernicious anemia
 Renal anemia
 Aplastic anemia
 Thalassemia
 Sickle cell anemia
 Hemolytic anemia
This results from destruction or damage to
the red bone marrow, such as from
chemotherapy:
 Hemorrhagic anemia
 Iron deficiency anemia
 Pernicious anemia
 Renal anemia
 Aplastic anemia
 Thalassemia
 Sickle cell anemia
 Hemolytic anemia
This results from destruction or damage to
the red bone marrow, such as from
chemotherapy:
 Hemorrhagic anemia
 Iron deficiency anemia
 Pernicious anemia
 Renal anemia
 Aplastic anemia
 Thalassemia
 Sickle cell anemia
 Hemolytic anemia
This occurs when RBCs lyse prematurely due to
hemoglobin abnormalities, bateria, parasites, or
mismatched transfusions:
 Hemorrhagic anemia
 Iron deficiency anemia
 Pernicious anemia
 Renal anemia
 Aplastic anemia
 Thalassemia
 Sickle cell anemia
 Hemolytic anemia
This occurs when RBCs lyse prematurely due to
hemoglobin abnormalities, bateria, parasites, or
mismatched transfusions:
 Hemorrhagic anemia
 Iron deficiency anemia
 Pernicious anemia
 Renal anemia
 Aplastic anemia
 Thalassemia
 Sickle cell anemia
 Hemolytic anemia
Which of the following can lead to
polycythemia?
 Increased EPO production from high altitude
 Blood doping (infusion of additional erythrocytes)
 Prolonged hypoxia, such as from CHF
 Hemostatic mechanisms triggered by anemia
Which of the following can lead to
polycythemia?
 Increased EPO production from high altitude
 Blood doping (infusion of additional erythrocytes)
 Prolonged hypoxia, such as from CHF
 Hemostatic mechanisms triggered by anemia
Match the leukocytes:
 Neutrophils
 Lymphocytes
 Eosinophils
 Monocytes
 Basophils
 Granulocytes
 Agranulocytes
Match the leukocytes:
 Neutrophils
 Lymphocytes
 Eosinophils
 Monocytes
 Basophils
 Granulocytes
 Agranulocytes
These are chemically attracted to
inflammation, and phagocytize bacteria and
some fungi:
 Neutrophils
 Eosinophils
 Basophils
 Lymphocytes
 Monocytes
These are chemically attracted to
inflammation, and phagocytize bacteria and
some fungi:
 Neutrophils
 Eosinophils
 Basophils
 Lymphocytes
 Monocytes
These are active against parasitic worms that
are too large to be phagocytized:
 Neutrophils
 Eosinophils
 Basophils
 Lymphocytes
 Monocytes
These are active against parasitic worms that
are too large to be phagocytized:
 Neutrophils
 Eosinophils
 Basophils
 Lymphocytes
 Monocytes
These leave the bloodstream to differentiate
into macrophages, where they phagocytize
pathogens in the tissue:
 Neutrophils
 Eosinophils
 Basophils
 Lymphocytes
 Monocytes
These leave the bloodstream to differentiate
into macrophages, where they phagocytize
pathogens in the tissue:
 Neutrophils
 Eosinophils
 Basophils
 Lymphocytes
 Monocytes
These have granules of histamine that attract
cause inflammation and attract other WBCs
to injuries:
 Neutrophils
 Eosinophils
 Basophils
 Lymphocytes
 Monocytes
These have granules of histamine that attract
cause inflammation and attract other WBCs
to injuries:
 Neutrophils
 Eosinophils
 Basophils
 Lymphocytes
 Monocytes
These play a role in immunity in the
lymphoid tissue:
 Neutrophils
 Eosinophils
 Basophils
 Lymphocytes
 Monocytes
These play a role in immunity in the
lymphoid tissue:
 Neutrophils
 Eosinophils
 Basophils
 Lymphocytes
 Monocytes
These play a role in immunity in the
lymphoid tissue:
 Neutrophils
 Eosinophils
 Basophils
 Lymphocytes
 Monocytes
Hematopoietic stem cells give rise to _____, which
differentiate into granulocytes and _____, which give
rise to agranulocytes.
 Lymphoid stem cells, myeloid stem cells
 Myeloblasts, monoblasts
 Monocytes and promonocytes
 Myeloid stem cells, lymphoid stem cells
Hematopoietic stem cells give rise to _____, which
differentiate into granulocytes and _____, which give
rise to agranulocytes.
 Lymphoid stem cells, myeloid stem cells
 Myeloblasts, monoblasts
 Monocytes and promonocytes
 Myeloid stem cells, lymphoid stem cells
This is a group of cancerous conditions
involving overproduction of abnormal white
blood cells:
 Leukopenia
 Leukemia
 Acute leukemia
 Chronic leukemia
 Infectious mononucleosis
This is a group of cancerous conditions
involving overproduction of abnormal white
blood cells:
 Leukopenia
 Leukemia
 Acute leukemia
 Chronic leukemia
 Infectious mononucleosis
In this condition, the unspecialized,
proliferating WBCs derive from stem cells:
 Leukopenia
 Leukemia
 Acute leukemia
 Chronic leukemia
 Infectious mononucleosis
In this condition, the unspecialized,
proliferating WBCs derive from stem cells:
 Leukopenia
 Leukemia
 Acute leukemia
 Chronic leukemia
 Infectious mononucleosis
This is an abnormally low WBC count due to
drugs such as chemotherapy:
 Leukopenia
 Leukemia
 Acute leukemia
 Chronic leukemia
 Infectious mononucleosis
This is an abnormally low WBC count due to
drugs such as chemotherapy:
 Leukopenia
 Leukemia
 Acute leukemia
 Chronic leukemia
 Infectious mononucleosis
In this group of conditions, immature WBCs proliferate
out of control, filling red bone marrow and hampering
production of RBCs and other cells:
 Leukopenia
 Leukemia
 Acute leukemia
 Chronic leukemia
 Infectious mononucleosis
In this group of conditions, immature WBCs proliferate
out of control, filling red bone marrow and hampering
production of RBCs and other cells:
 Leukopenia
 Leukemia
 Acute leukemia
 Chronic leukemia
 Infectious mononucleosis
In this condition, the abnormal, proliferating
WBCs derive from committed cells:
 Leukopenia
 Leukemia
 Acute leukemia
 Chronic leukemia
 Infectious mononucleosis
In this condition, the abnormal, proliferating
WBCs derive from committed cells:
 Leukopenia
 Leukemia
 Acute leukemia
 Chronic leukemia
 Infectious mononucleosis
This illness caused by the Epstein-Barr virus
causes excessive numbers of large, atypical
lymphocytes::
 Leukopenia
 Leukemia
 Acute leukemia
 Chronic leukemia
 Infectious mononucleosis
This illness caused by the Epstein-Barr virus
causes excessive numbers of large, atypical
lymphocytes::
 Leukopenia
 Leukemia
 Acute leukemia
 Chronic leukemia
 Infectious mononucleosis
Repeated mitosis makes ______ huge, multinucleate cells, which
send cytoplasmic extensions through the walls of the ______,
and fragments to release _____ into the blood.
 Platelets, capillaries, megakaryocytes
 Leukocytes, sinusoid, platelets
 Megakaryocytes, sinusoid, platelets
 Leukocytes, capillaries, platelets
Repeated mitosis makes ______ huge, multinucleate cells, which
send cytoplasmic extensions through the walls of the ______,
and fragments to release _____ into the blood.
 Platelets, capillaries, megakaryocytes
 Leukocytes, sinusoid, platelets
 Megakaryocytes, sinusoid, platelets
 Leukocytes, capillaries, platelets
Put the steps of hemostasis in the correct
order:
 Platelet plug formation, vascular spasm, coagulation
 Coagulation, vascular spasm, platelet plug formation
 Vascular spasm. Platelet plug formation, coagulation
Put the steps of hemostasis in the correct
order:
 Platelet plug formation, vascular spasm, coagulation
 Coagulation, vascular spasm, platelet plug formation
 Vascular spasm. Platelet plug formation, coagulation
Which statements are true about vascular
spasm?
 A strongly contracted artery can reduce blood flow for up to half an hour
 Vascular spasm can be triggered by injury to vascular smooth muscle
 Chemicals released by endothelial cells and platelets can trigger vascular spasms
 Reflexes initiated by pain receptors can trigger vascular spasms
Which statements are true about vascular
spasm?
 A strongly contracted artery can reduce blood flow for up to half an hour
 Vascular spasm can be triggered by injury to vascular smooth muscle
 Chemicals released by endothelial cells and platelets can trigger vascular spasms
 Reflexes initiated by pain receptors can trigger vascular spasms
Which statements about platelet plug
formation are true?
 Platelets adhere to the collagen fibers of connective tissue beneath injured
endothelium
 Platelets release the aggregating agents ADP, serotonin and thromboxane
 Aggregation is a positive feedback cycle
 Aggregation is a negative feedback cycle
Which statements about platelet plug
formation are true?
 Platelets adhere to the collagen fibers of connective tissue beneath injured
endothelium
 Platelets release the aggregating agents ADP, serotonin and thromboxane
 Aggregation is a positive feedback cycle
 Aggregation is a negative feedback cycle
Which statements about coagulation are
true?
 Clotting factors are chemicals released by platelets
 Clotting reinforces the platelet plug with fibrin threads
 Clotting factors circulate in the blood in inactive form
 Clotting factors are activated simultaneously by chemical signals from platelets
Which statements about coagulation are
true?
 Clotting factors are chemicals released by platelets
Clotting factors are plasma proteins synthesized by the liver
 Clotting reinforces the platelet plug with fibrin threads
 Clotting factors circulate in the blood in inactive form
 Clotting factors are activated simultaneously by chemical signals from platelets
Each clotting factor activates the next clotting factor
Injury to the body triggers the ___ and ____
pathways, in a test tube, only the ___ pathway is
triggered:
 Extrinsic & intrinsic, extrinsic
 Extrinsic & intrinsic, intrinsic
Injury to the body triggers the ___ and ____
pathways, in a test tube, only the ___ pathway is
triggered:
 Extrinsic & intrinsic, extrinsic
 Extrinsic & intrinsic, intrinsic
The intrinsic pathway is so named
because:
 It only occurs inside the body
 The necessary clotting factors are present within the blood
 Both of these
The intrinsic pathway is so named
because:
 It only occurs inside the body
 The necessary clotting factors are present within the blood
 Both of these
The extrinsic pathway is so named
because:
 It depends upon a tissue factor found outside the blood
 It only happens when clotting is triggered outside the body
The extrinsic pathway is so named
because:
 It depends upon a tissue factor found outside the blood
 It only happens when clotting is triggered outside the body
This process involves actin-myosin contractions within
platelets to compress the plug and draw edges of the
blood vessel closer together:
 Anticoagulant
 Clot retraction
 Platelet derived growth factor
 Fibrinolysis
 Plasmin
 Plasminogen
This process involves actin-myosin contractions within
platelets to compress the plug and draw edges of the
blood vessel closer together:
 Anticoagulant
 Clot retraction
 Platelet derived growth factor
 Fibrinolysis
 Plasmin
 Plasminogen
These are factors that inhibit clotting:
 Anticoagulant
 Clot retraction
 Platelet derived growth factor
 Fibrinolysis
 Plasmin
 Plasminogen
These are factors that inhibit clotting:
 Anticoagulant
 Clot retraction
 Platelet derived growth factor
 Fibrinolysis
 Plasmin
 Plasminogen
Released by platelets, this stimulates fibroblasts and
smooth muscle cells to divide:
 Anticoagulant
 Clot retraction
 Platelet derived growth factor
 Fibrinolysis
 Plasmin
 Plasminogen
Released by platelets, this stimulates fibroblasts and
smooth muscle cells to divide:
 Anticoagulant
 Clot retraction
 Platelet derived growth factor
 Fibrinolysis
 Plasmin
 Plasminogen
This plasma protein is incorporated into clots, where it
releases a natural clot buster when activated:
 Anticoagulant
 Clot retraction
 Platelet derived growth factor
 Fibrinolysis
 Plasmin
 Plasminogen
This plasma protein is incorporated into clots, where it
releases a natural clot buster when activated:
 Anticoagulant
 Clot retraction
 Platelet derived growth factor
 Fibrinolysis
 Plasmin
 Plasminogen
This clot-digesting enzyme is released when
endothelial cells secrete tPA in response to the
presence of a clot:
 Anticoagulant
 Clot retraction
 Platelet derived growth factor
 Fibrinolysis
 Plasmin
 Plasminogen
This clot-digesting enzyme is released when
endothelial cells secrete tPA in response to the
presence of a clot:
 Anticoagulant
 Clot retraction
 Platelet derived growth factor
 Fibrinolysis
 Plasmin
 Plasminogen
This process removes unnecessary clots to prevent
occlusion of blood vessels:
 Anticoagulant
 Clot retraction
 Platelet derived growth factor
 Fibrinolysis
 Plasmin
 Plasminogen
This process removes unnecessary clots to prevent
occlusion of blood vessels:
 Anticoagulant
 Clot retraction
 Platelet derived growth factor
 Fibrinolysis
 Plasmin
 Plasminogen
A stationary clot in an unbroken vessel is a
_____, when it breaks free it becomes a ____.
 Thrombus, embolus
 Embolus, thrombus
A stationary clot in an unbroken vessel is a
_____, when it breaks free it becomes a ____.
 Thrombus, embolus
 Embolus, thrombus
This complication of pregnancy, septicemia, or
incomplete blood transfusion causes widespread
clotting and severe bleeding:
 Hemophilia
 Thrombocytopenia
 Impaired liver function
 Disseminated intravascular coagulation
This complication of pregnancy, septicemia, or
incomplete blood transfusion causes widespread
clotting and severe bleeding:
 Hemophilia
 Thrombocytopenia
 Impaired liver function
 Disseminated intravascular coagulation
This is a collection of bleeding disorders due
to the hereditary loss of certain clotting
factors:
 Hemophilia
 Thrombocytopenia
 Impaired liver function
 Disseminated intravascular coagulation
This is a collection of bleeding disorders due
to the hereditary loss of certain clotting
factors:
 Hemophilia
 Thrombocytopenia
 Impaired liver function
 Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Disease or lack of vitamin K leads to inability to
produce or deficiency of clotting factors:
 Hemophilia
 Thrombocytopenia
 Impaired liver function
 Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Disease or lack of vitamin K leads to inability to
produce or deficiency of clotting factors:
 Hemophilia
 Thrombocytopenia
 Impaired liver function
 Disseminated intravascular coagulation
In this condition a deficiency of platelets
causes internal bleeding during normal
movements:
 Hemophilia
 Thrombocytopenia
 Impaired liver function
 Disseminated intravascular coagulation
In this condition a deficiency of platelets
causes internal bleeding during normal
movements:
 Hemophilia
 Thrombocytopenia
 Impaired liver function
 Disseminated intravascular coagulation
These agglutinogens do not cause immediate
antibody reaction during a transfusion, but do
cause a reaction upon the second exposure:
 Antigens
 Agglutinogens
 ABO blood groups
 Agglutinins
 Rh factor
These agglutinogens do not cause immediate
antibody reaction during a transfusion, but do
cause a reaction upon the second exposure:
 Antigens
 Agglutinogens
 ABO blood groups
 Agglutinins
 Rh factor
These glycoprotein/glycolipid markers on
cell membranes identify cells as self or
foreign:
 Antigens
 Agglutinogens
 ABO blood groups
 Agglutinins
 Rh factor
These glycoprotein/glycolipid markers on
cell membranes identify cells as self or
foreign:
 Antigens
 Agglutinogens
 ABO blood groups
 Agglutinins
 Rh factor
These categories are based on the absence or
presence of A and B agglutinogens:
 Antigens
 Agglutinogens
 ABO blood groups
 Agglutinins
 Rh factor
These categories are based on the absence or
presence of A and B agglutinogens:
 Antigens
 Agglutinogens
 ABO blood groups
 Agglutinins
 Rh factor
Antigens on RBCs that promote clotting in
other blood types:
 Antigens
 Agglutinogens
 ABO blood groups
 Agglutinins
 Rh factor
Antigens on RBCs that promote clotting in
other blood types:
 Antigens
 Agglutinogens
 ABO blood groups
 Agglutinins
 Rh factor
These are preformed antibodies on RBCs
that act against agglutinogens not carried
on the individual’s RBCs:
 Antigens
 Agglutinogens
 ABO blood groups
 Agglutinins
 Rh factor
These are preformed antibodies on RBCs
that act against agglutinogens not carried
on the individual’s RBCs:
 Antigens
 Agglutinogens
 ABO blood groups
 Agglutinins
 Rh factor
This ABO blood type is the universal
recipient:
 AB
 A
 B
 O
This ABO blood type is the universal
recipient:
 AB
 A
 B
 O
This ABO blood type is the universal
donor:
 AB
 A
 B
 O
This ABO blood type is the universal
donor:
 AB
 A
 B
 O
This tests to see if the donor’s and recipient’s blood
will cause agglutination during transfusion:
 Hemolytic disease of the newborn
 Transfusion reaction
 Autologous transfusion
 Cross matching
This tests to see if the donor’s and recipient’s blood
will cause agglutination during transfusion:
 Hemolytic disease of the newborn
 Transfusion reaction
 Autologous transfusion
 Cross matching
During a second pregnancy, an Rh- mother
may produce antibodies that attack the
fetus’ RBCs:
 Hemolytic disease of the newborn
 Transfusion reaction
 Autologous transfusion
 Cross matching
During a second pregnancy, an Rh- mother
may produce antibodies that attack the
fetus’ RBCs:
 Hemolytic disease of the newborn
 Transfusion reaction
 Autologous transfusion
 Cross matching
Agglutination leads to RBC rupture, and
hemoglobin in the bloodstream can lead to
kidney shutdown:
 Hemolytic disease of the newborn
 Transfusion reaction
 Autologous transfusion
 Cross matching
Agglutination leads to RBC rupture, and
hemoglobin in the bloodstream can lead to
kidney shutdown:
 Hemolytic disease of the newborn
 Transfusion reaction
 Autologous transfusion
 Cross matching
A patient’s blood is pre-donated and
banked prior to operations:
 Hemolytic disease of the newborn
 Transfusion reaction
 Autologous transfusion
 Cross matching
A patient’s blood is pre-donated and
banked prior to operations:
 Hemolytic disease of the newborn
 Transfusion reaction
 Autologous transfusion
 Cross matching

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Blood

  • 2. Match the functions of blood:  Preventing blood loss  Maintaining body temperature  Maintaining pH  Preventing infection  Maintaining fluid volume in circulatory system  Protective  Regulatory
  • 3. Match the functions of blood:  Preventing blood loss  Maintaining body temperature  Maintaining pH  Preventing infection  Maintaining fluid volume in circulatory system  Protective  Regulatory
  • 4. Blood is a connective tissue in which _____ is the non-living matrix and dissolved proteins become _____ strands during clotting.  Formed elements, plasma  Formed elements, platelets  Plasma, platelets  Plasma, fibrin
  • 5. Blood is a connective tissue in which _____ is the non-living matrix and dissolved proteins become _____ strands during clotting.  Formed elements, plasma  Formed elements, platelets  Plasma, platelets  Plasma, fibrin
  • 6. This is the percentage of erythrocytes in a blood sample, usually around 45%:  Buffy coat  Erythrocytes  Leukocytes  Hematocrit  Plasma  Albumin
  • 7. This is the percentage of erythrocytes in a blood sample, usually around 45%:  Buffy coat  Erythrocytes  Leukocytes  Hematocrit  Plasma  Albumin
  • 8. This large protein is the major contributor to plasma oncotic pressure:  Buffy coat  Erythrocytes  Leukocytes  Hematocrit  Plasma  Albumin
  • 9. This large protein is the major contributor to plasma oncotic pressure:  Buffy coat  Erythrocytes  Leukocytes  Hematocrit  Plasma  Albumin
  • 10. This is 90% water, but contains over 100 dissolved solutes:  Buffy coat  Erythrocytes  Leukocytes  Hematocrit  Plasma  Albumin
  • 11. This is 90% water, but contains over 100 dissolved solutes:  Buffy coat  Erythrocytes  Leukocytes  Hematocrit  Plasma  Albumin
  • 12. This thin, whitish layer of leukocytes and platelets forms between the erythrocytes and the plasma in a sample:  Buffy coat  Erythrocytes  Leukocytes  Hematocrit  Plasma  Albumin
  • 13. This thin, whitish layer of leukocytes and platelets forms between the erythrocytes and the plasma in a sample:  Buffy coat  Erythrocytes  Leukocytes  Hematocrit  Plasma  Albumin
  • 14. These are white blood cells:  Buffy coat  Erythrocytes  Leukocytes  Hematocrit  Plasma  Albumin
  • 15. These are white blood cells:  Buffy coat  Erythrocytes  Leukocytes  Hematocrit  Plasma  Albumin
  • 16. These are red blood cells:  Buffy coat  Erythrocytes  Leukocytes  Hematocrit  Plasma  Albumin
  • 17. These are red blood cells:  Buffy coat  Erythrocytes  Leukocytes  Hematocrit  Plasma  Albumin
  • 18. Which of the following statements about the formed elements are true?  Blood cells divide in the plasma, and continually replace themselves  Erythrocytes have no nuclei  Platelets are cells that rupture to stop bleeding  Most of the formed elements only last for a few days in the blood
  • 19. Which of the following statements about the formed elements are true?  Blood cells divide in the plasma, and continually replace themselves stem cells in the red marrow divide to replace blood cells  Erythrocytes have no nuclei  Platelets are cells that rupture to stop bleeding platelets are cell fragments  Most of the formed elements only last for a few days in the blood
  • 20. What is the function of spectrin in RBCs?  Spectrin forms the extracellular matrix which anchors the agglutinogens that determine ABO blood typing  Spectrin gives hemoglobin its three dimensional shape  Spectin is the part of hemoglobin that oxygen binds to  Spectrin creates a flexible endoskeleton that gives RBCs their characteristic concave disc shape and allows for compression and flexion as they navigate the capillaries
  • 21. What is the function of spectrin in RBCs?  Spectrin forms the extracellular matrix which anchors the agglutinogens that determine ABO blood typing  Spectrin gives hemoglobin its three dimensional shape  Spectin is the part of hemoglobin that oxygen binds to  Spectrin creates a flexible endoskeleton that gives RBCs their characteristic concave disc shape and allows for compression and flexion as they navigate the capillaries
  • 22. Which of the following make erythrocytes an ideal oxygen carrier?  The small size and disc shape give erythrocytes a high surface to volume ratio ideal for gas diffusion  RBCs are 97% hemoglobin  RBCs generate ATP solely by anaerobic metabolism  All of the above
  • 23. Which of the following make erythrocytes an ideal oxygen carrier?  The small size and disc shape give erythrocytes a high surface to volume ratio ideal for gas diffusion  RBCs are 97% hemoglobin  RBCs generate ATP solely by anaerobic metabolism  All of the above
  • 24. How many molecules of oxygen can each hemoglobin molecule transport?  1  2  4  8
  • 25. How many molecules of oxygen can each hemoglobin molecule transport?  1  2  4  8
  • 26. This is hemoglobin with oxygen bound:  Heme  Globin  Oxyhemoglobin  Deoxyhemoglobin  Carbaminohemoglobin
  • 27. This is hemoglobin with oxygen bound:  Heme  Globin  Oxyhemoglobin  Deoxyhemoglobin  Carbaminohemoglobin
  • 28. This is hemoglobin after offloading oxygen, reduced hemoglobin:  Heme  Globin  Oxyhemoglobin  Deoxyhemoglobin  Carbaminohemoglobin
  • 29. This is hemoglobin after offloading oxygen, reduced hemoglobin:  Heme  Globin  Oxyhemoglobin  Deoxyhemoglobin  Carbaminohemoglobin
  • 30. This red pigment contains the iron that binds to oxygen:  Heme  Globin  Oxyhemoglobin  Deoxyhemoglobin  Carbaminohemoglobin
  • 31. This red pigment contains the iron that binds to oxygen:  Heme  Globin  Oxyhemoglobin  Deoxyhemoglobin  Carbaminohemoglobin
  • 32. This is hemoglobin with carbon dioxide bound:  Heme  Globin  Oxyhemoglobin  Deoxyhemoglobin  Carbaminohemoglobin
  • 33. This is hemoglobin with carbon dioxide bound:  Heme  Globin  Oxyhemoglobin  Deoxyhemoglobin  Carbaminohemoglobin
  • 34. Two alpha and two beta chains of this are in each hemoglobin:  Heme  Globin  Oxyhemoglobin  Deoxyhemoglobin  Carbaminohemoglobin
  • 35. Two alpha and two beta chains of this are in each hemoglobin:  Heme  Globin  Oxyhemoglobin  Deoxyhemoglobin  Carbaminohemoglobin
  • 36. Erythrocyte production begins when hemocytoblasts transform into these:  Hematopoeisis  Erythropoiesis  Erythroblast  Reticulocyte  Erythropoietin
  • 37. Erythrocyte production begins when hemocytoblasts transform into these:  Hematopoeisis  Erythropoiesis  Erythroblast  Reticulocyte  Erythropoietin
  • 38. This immature RBC has ejected its nucleus and organelles, but still contains ribosomes:  Hematopoeisis  Erythropoiesis  Erythroblast  Reticulocyte  Erythropoietin
  • 39. This immature RBC has ejected its nucleus and organelles, but still contains ribosomes:  Hematopoeisis  Erythropoiesis  Erythroblast  Reticulocyte  Erythropoietin
  • 40. This is the process of RBC production, which takes place in the red marrow:  Hematopoeisis  Erythropoiesis  Erythroblast  Reticulocyte  Erythropoietin
  • 41. This is the process of RBC production, which takes place in the red marrow:  Hematopoeisis  Erythropoiesis  Erythroblast  Reticulocyte  Erythropoietin
  • 42. This hormone, produced in the kidneys stimulates erythrocyte production:  Hematopoeisis  Erythropoiesis  Erythroblast  Reticulocyte  Erythropoietin
  • 43. This hormone, produced in the kidneys stimulates erythrocyte production:  Hematopoeisis  Erythropoiesis  Erythroblast  Reticulocyte  Erythropoietin
  • 44. Which of the following statements about EPO production are true?  EPO is produced mainly in the kidneys  Hypoxia leads to insufficient degrading of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF), which accelerates synthesis of EPO  Anything that leads to hypoxia or reduced oxygen transport can trigger EPO production  All of these are true
  • 45. Which of the following statements about EPO production are true?  EPO is produced mainly in the kidneys  Hypoxia leads to insufficient degrading of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF), which accelerates synthesis of EPO  Anything that leads to hypoxia or reduced oxygen transport can trigger EPO production  All of these are true
  • 46. Iron is stored in cells as _____ and _____, and transported in the blood as _____.  Transferrin, ferritin, hemosiderin  Ferritin, hemosiderin, transferrin  Hemosiderin, transferrin, ferritin
  • 47. Iron is stored in cells as _____ and _____, and transported in the blood as _____.  Transferrin, ferritin, hemosiderin  Ferritin, hemosiderin, transferrin  Hemosiderin, transferrin, ferritin
  • 48. Erythrocytes have a life span of ____ days:  60-90  90-100  100-120  120-140
  • 49. Erythrocytes have a life span of ____ days:  60-90  90-100  100-120  120-140
  • 50. This can result from hemorrhage, dietary deficiency, or impaired iron absorption:  Hemorrhagic anemia  Iron deficiency anemia  Pernicious anemia  Renal anemia  Aplastic anemia  Thalassemia  Sickle cell anemia  Hemolytic anemia
  • 51. This can result from hemorrhage, dietary deficiency, or impaired iron absorption:  Hemorrhagic anemia  Iron deficiency anemia  Pernicious anemia  Renal anemia  Aplastic anemia  Thalassemia  Sickle cell anemia  Hemolytic anemia
  • 52. In this condition, an absent or faulty globin chain leads to hemoglobin deficient RBCs:  Hemorrhagic anemia  Iron deficiency anemia  Pernicious anemia  Renal anemia  Aplastic anemia  Thalassemia  Sickle cell anemia  Hemolytic anemia
  • 53. In this condition, an absent or faulty globin chain leads to hemoglobin deficient RBCs:  Hemorrhagic anemia  Iron deficiency anemia  Pernicious anemia  Renal anemia  Aplastic anemia  Thalassemia  Sickle cell anemia  Hemolytic anemia
  • 54. In this condition, an amino acid substitution causes beta globin chains to link together in low oxygen conditions:  Hemorrhagic anemia  Iron deficiency anemia  Pernicious anemia  Renal anemia  Aplastic anemia  Thalassemia  Sickle cell anemia  Hemolytic anemia
  • 55. In this condition, an amino acid substitution causes beta globin chains to link together in low oxygen conditions:  Hemorrhagic anemia  Iron deficiency anemia  Pernicious anemia  Renal anemia  Aplastic anemia  Thalassemia  Sickle cell anemia  Hemolytic anemia
  • 56. In this disease of the elderly, inability to absorb B12 leads prevents mitosis in developing erythrocytes:  Hemorrhagic anemia  Iron deficiency anemia  Pernicious anemia  Renal anemia  Aplastic anemia  Thalassemia  Sickle cell anemia  Hemolytic anemia
  • 57. In this disease of the elderly, inability to absorb B12 leads prevents mitosis in developing erythrocytes:  Hemorrhagic anemia  Iron deficiency anemia  Pernicious anemia  Renal anemia  Aplastic anemia  Thalassemia  Sickle cell anemia  Hemolytic anemia
  • 58. This is caused by a lack of EPO, leading to insufficient numbers of erythrocytes:  Hemorrhagic anemia  Iron deficiency anemia  Pernicious anemia  Renal anemia  Aplastic anemia  Thalassemia  Sickle cell anemia  Hemolytic anemia
  • 59. This is caused by a lack of EPO, leading to insufficient numbers of erythrocytes:  Hemorrhagic anemia  Iron deficiency anemia  Pernicious anemia  Renal anemia  Aplastic anemia  Thalassemia  Sickle cell anemia  Hemolytic anemia
  • 60. This can be due to rapid or chronic blood loss:  Hemorrhagic anemia  Iron deficiency anemia  Pernicious anemia  Renal anemia  Aplastic anemia  Thalassemia  Sickle cell anemia  Hemolytic anemia
  • 61. This can be due to rapid or chronic blood loss:  Hemorrhagic anemia  Iron deficiency anemia  Pernicious anemia  Renal anemia  Aplastic anemia  Thalassemia  Sickle cell anemia  Hemolytic anemia
  • 62. This results from destruction or damage to the red bone marrow, such as from chemotherapy:  Hemorrhagic anemia  Iron deficiency anemia  Pernicious anemia  Renal anemia  Aplastic anemia  Thalassemia  Sickle cell anemia  Hemolytic anemia
  • 63. This results from destruction or damage to the red bone marrow, such as from chemotherapy:  Hemorrhagic anemia  Iron deficiency anemia  Pernicious anemia  Renal anemia  Aplastic anemia  Thalassemia  Sickle cell anemia  Hemolytic anemia
  • 64. This occurs when RBCs lyse prematurely due to hemoglobin abnormalities, bateria, parasites, or mismatched transfusions:  Hemorrhagic anemia  Iron deficiency anemia  Pernicious anemia  Renal anemia  Aplastic anemia  Thalassemia  Sickle cell anemia  Hemolytic anemia
  • 65. This occurs when RBCs lyse prematurely due to hemoglobin abnormalities, bateria, parasites, or mismatched transfusions:  Hemorrhagic anemia  Iron deficiency anemia  Pernicious anemia  Renal anemia  Aplastic anemia  Thalassemia  Sickle cell anemia  Hemolytic anemia
  • 66. Which of the following can lead to polycythemia?  Increased EPO production from high altitude  Blood doping (infusion of additional erythrocytes)  Prolonged hypoxia, such as from CHF  Hemostatic mechanisms triggered by anemia
  • 67. Which of the following can lead to polycythemia?  Increased EPO production from high altitude  Blood doping (infusion of additional erythrocytes)  Prolonged hypoxia, such as from CHF  Hemostatic mechanisms triggered by anemia
  • 68. Match the leukocytes:  Neutrophils  Lymphocytes  Eosinophils  Monocytes  Basophils  Granulocytes  Agranulocytes
  • 69. Match the leukocytes:  Neutrophils  Lymphocytes  Eosinophils  Monocytes  Basophils  Granulocytes  Agranulocytes
  • 70. These are chemically attracted to inflammation, and phagocytize bacteria and some fungi:  Neutrophils  Eosinophils  Basophils  Lymphocytes  Monocytes
  • 71. These are chemically attracted to inflammation, and phagocytize bacteria and some fungi:  Neutrophils  Eosinophils  Basophils  Lymphocytes  Monocytes
  • 72. These are active against parasitic worms that are too large to be phagocytized:  Neutrophils  Eosinophils  Basophils  Lymphocytes  Monocytes
  • 73. These are active against parasitic worms that are too large to be phagocytized:  Neutrophils  Eosinophils  Basophils  Lymphocytes  Monocytes
  • 74. These leave the bloodstream to differentiate into macrophages, where they phagocytize pathogens in the tissue:  Neutrophils  Eosinophils  Basophils  Lymphocytes  Monocytes
  • 75. These leave the bloodstream to differentiate into macrophages, where they phagocytize pathogens in the tissue:  Neutrophils  Eosinophils  Basophils  Lymphocytes  Monocytes
  • 76. These have granules of histamine that attract cause inflammation and attract other WBCs to injuries:  Neutrophils  Eosinophils  Basophils  Lymphocytes  Monocytes
  • 77. These have granules of histamine that attract cause inflammation and attract other WBCs to injuries:  Neutrophils  Eosinophils  Basophils  Lymphocytes  Monocytes
  • 78. These play a role in immunity in the lymphoid tissue:  Neutrophils  Eosinophils  Basophils  Lymphocytes  Monocytes
  • 79. These play a role in immunity in the lymphoid tissue:  Neutrophils  Eosinophils  Basophils  Lymphocytes  Monocytes
  • 80. These play a role in immunity in the lymphoid tissue:  Neutrophils  Eosinophils  Basophils  Lymphocytes  Monocytes
  • 81. Hematopoietic stem cells give rise to _____, which differentiate into granulocytes and _____, which give rise to agranulocytes.  Lymphoid stem cells, myeloid stem cells  Myeloblasts, monoblasts  Monocytes and promonocytes  Myeloid stem cells, lymphoid stem cells
  • 82. Hematopoietic stem cells give rise to _____, which differentiate into granulocytes and _____, which give rise to agranulocytes.  Lymphoid stem cells, myeloid stem cells  Myeloblasts, monoblasts  Monocytes and promonocytes  Myeloid stem cells, lymphoid stem cells
  • 83. This is a group of cancerous conditions involving overproduction of abnormal white blood cells:  Leukopenia  Leukemia  Acute leukemia  Chronic leukemia  Infectious mononucleosis
  • 84. This is a group of cancerous conditions involving overproduction of abnormal white blood cells:  Leukopenia  Leukemia  Acute leukemia  Chronic leukemia  Infectious mononucleosis
  • 85. In this condition, the unspecialized, proliferating WBCs derive from stem cells:  Leukopenia  Leukemia  Acute leukemia  Chronic leukemia  Infectious mononucleosis
  • 86. In this condition, the unspecialized, proliferating WBCs derive from stem cells:  Leukopenia  Leukemia  Acute leukemia  Chronic leukemia  Infectious mononucleosis
  • 87. This is an abnormally low WBC count due to drugs such as chemotherapy:  Leukopenia  Leukemia  Acute leukemia  Chronic leukemia  Infectious mononucleosis
  • 88. This is an abnormally low WBC count due to drugs such as chemotherapy:  Leukopenia  Leukemia  Acute leukemia  Chronic leukemia  Infectious mononucleosis
  • 89. In this group of conditions, immature WBCs proliferate out of control, filling red bone marrow and hampering production of RBCs and other cells:  Leukopenia  Leukemia  Acute leukemia  Chronic leukemia  Infectious mononucleosis
  • 90. In this group of conditions, immature WBCs proliferate out of control, filling red bone marrow and hampering production of RBCs and other cells:  Leukopenia  Leukemia  Acute leukemia  Chronic leukemia  Infectious mononucleosis
  • 91. In this condition, the abnormal, proliferating WBCs derive from committed cells:  Leukopenia  Leukemia  Acute leukemia  Chronic leukemia  Infectious mononucleosis
  • 92. In this condition, the abnormal, proliferating WBCs derive from committed cells:  Leukopenia  Leukemia  Acute leukemia  Chronic leukemia  Infectious mononucleosis
  • 93. This illness caused by the Epstein-Barr virus causes excessive numbers of large, atypical lymphocytes::  Leukopenia  Leukemia  Acute leukemia  Chronic leukemia  Infectious mononucleosis
  • 94. This illness caused by the Epstein-Barr virus causes excessive numbers of large, atypical lymphocytes::  Leukopenia  Leukemia  Acute leukemia  Chronic leukemia  Infectious mononucleosis
  • 95. Repeated mitosis makes ______ huge, multinucleate cells, which send cytoplasmic extensions through the walls of the ______, and fragments to release _____ into the blood.  Platelets, capillaries, megakaryocytes  Leukocytes, sinusoid, platelets  Megakaryocytes, sinusoid, platelets  Leukocytes, capillaries, platelets
  • 96. Repeated mitosis makes ______ huge, multinucleate cells, which send cytoplasmic extensions through the walls of the ______, and fragments to release _____ into the blood.  Platelets, capillaries, megakaryocytes  Leukocytes, sinusoid, platelets  Megakaryocytes, sinusoid, platelets  Leukocytes, capillaries, platelets
  • 97. Put the steps of hemostasis in the correct order:  Platelet plug formation, vascular spasm, coagulation  Coagulation, vascular spasm, platelet plug formation  Vascular spasm. Platelet plug formation, coagulation
  • 98. Put the steps of hemostasis in the correct order:  Platelet plug formation, vascular spasm, coagulation  Coagulation, vascular spasm, platelet plug formation  Vascular spasm. Platelet plug formation, coagulation
  • 99. Which statements are true about vascular spasm?  A strongly contracted artery can reduce blood flow for up to half an hour  Vascular spasm can be triggered by injury to vascular smooth muscle  Chemicals released by endothelial cells and platelets can trigger vascular spasms  Reflexes initiated by pain receptors can trigger vascular spasms
  • 100. Which statements are true about vascular spasm?  A strongly contracted artery can reduce blood flow for up to half an hour  Vascular spasm can be triggered by injury to vascular smooth muscle  Chemicals released by endothelial cells and platelets can trigger vascular spasms  Reflexes initiated by pain receptors can trigger vascular spasms
  • 101. Which statements about platelet plug formation are true?  Platelets adhere to the collagen fibers of connective tissue beneath injured endothelium  Platelets release the aggregating agents ADP, serotonin and thromboxane  Aggregation is a positive feedback cycle  Aggregation is a negative feedback cycle
  • 102. Which statements about platelet plug formation are true?  Platelets adhere to the collagen fibers of connective tissue beneath injured endothelium  Platelets release the aggregating agents ADP, serotonin and thromboxane  Aggregation is a positive feedback cycle  Aggregation is a negative feedback cycle
  • 103. Which statements about coagulation are true?  Clotting factors are chemicals released by platelets  Clotting reinforces the platelet plug with fibrin threads  Clotting factors circulate in the blood in inactive form  Clotting factors are activated simultaneously by chemical signals from platelets
  • 104. Which statements about coagulation are true?  Clotting factors are chemicals released by platelets Clotting factors are plasma proteins synthesized by the liver  Clotting reinforces the platelet plug with fibrin threads  Clotting factors circulate in the blood in inactive form  Clotting factors are activated simultaneously by chemical signals from platelets Each clotting factor activates the next clotting factor
  • 105. Injury to the body triggers the ___ and ____ pathways, in a test tube, only the ___ pathway is triggered:  Extrinsic & intrinsic, extrinsic  Extrinsic & intrinsic, intrinsic
  • 106. Injury to the body triggers the ___ and ____ pathways, in a test tube, only the ___ pathway is triggered:  Extrinsic & intrinsic, extrinsic  Extrinsic & intrinsic, intrinsic
  • 107. The intrinsic pathway is so named because:  It only occurs inside the body  The necessary clotting factors are present within the blood  Both of these
  • 108. The intrinsic pathway is so named because:  It only occurs inside the body  The necessary clotting factors are present within the blood  Both of these
  • 109. The extrinsic pathway is so named because:  It depends upon a tissue factor found outside the blood  It only happens when clotting is triggered outside the body
  • 110. The extrinsic pathway is so named because:  It depends upon a tissue factor found outside the blood  It only happens when clotting is triggered outside the body
  • 111. This process involves actin-myosin contractions within platelets to compress the plug and draw edges of the blood vessel closer together:  Anticoagulant  Clot retraction  Platelet derived growth factor  Fibrinolysis  Plasmin  Plasminogen
  • 112. This process involves actin-myosin contractions within platelets to compress the plug and draw edges of the blood vessel closer together:  Anticoagulant  Clot retraction  Platelet derived growth factor  Fibrinolysis  Plasmin  Plasminogen
  • 113. These are factors that inhibit clotting:  Anticoagulant  Clot retraction  Platelet derived growth factor  Fibrinolysis  Plasmin  Plasminogen
  • 114. These are factors that inhibit clotting:  Anticoagulant  Clot retraction  Platelet derived growth factor  Fibrinolysis  Plasmin  Plasminogen
  • 115. Released by platelets, this stimulates fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells to divide:  Anticoagulant  Clot retraction  Platelet derived growth factor  Fibrinolysis  Plasmin  Plasminogen
  • 116. Released by platelets, this stimulates fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells to divide:  Anticoagulant  Clot retraction  Platelet derived growth factor  Fibrinolysis  Plasmin  Plasminogen
  • 117. This plasma protein is incorporated into clots, where it releases a natural clot buster when activated:  Anticoagulant  Clot retraction  Platelet derived growth factor  Fibrinolysis  Plasmin  Plasminogen
  • 118. This plasma protein is incorporated into clots, where it releases a natural clot buster when activated:  Anticoagulant  Clot retraction  Platelet derived growth factor  Fibrinolysis  Plasmin  Plasminogen
  • 119. This clot-digesting enzyme is released when endothelial cells secrete tPA in response to the presence of a clot:  Anticoagulant  Clot retraction  Platelet derived growth factor  Fibrinolysis  Plasmin  Plasminogen
  • 120. This clot-digesting enzyme is released when endothelial cells secrete tPA in response to the presence of a clot:  Anticoagulant  Clot retraction  Platelet derived growth factor  Fibrinolysis  Plasmin  Plasminogen
  • 121. This process removes unnecessary clots to prevent occlusion of blood vessels:  Anticoagulant  Clot retraction  Platelet derived growth factor  Fibrinolysis  Plasmin  Plasminogen
  • 122. This process removes unnecessary clots to prevent occlusion of blood vessels:  Anticoagulant  Clot retraction  Platelet derived growth factor  Fibrinolysis  Plasmin  Plasminogen
  • 123. A stationary clot in an unbroken vessel is a _____, when it breaks free it becomes a ____.  Thrombus, embolus  Embolus, thrombus
  • 124. A stationary clot in an unbroken vessel is a _____, when it breaks free it becomes a ____.  Thrombus, embolus  Embolus, thrombus
  • 125. This complication of pregnancy, septicemia, or incomplete blood transfusion causes widespread clotting and severe bleeding:  Hemophilia  Thrombocytopenia  Impaired liver function  Disseminated intravascular coagulation
  • 126. This complication of pregnancy, septicemia, or incomplete blood transfusion causes widespread clotting and severe bleeding:  Hemophilia  Thrombocytopenia  Impaired liver function  Disseminated intravascular coagulation
  • 127. This is a collection of bleeding disorders due to the hereditary loss of certain clotting factors:  Hemophilia  Thrombocytopenia  Impaired liver function  Disseminated intravascular coagulation
  • 128. This is a collection of bleeding disorders due to the hereditary loss of certain clotting factors:  Hemophilia  Thrombocytopenia  Impaired liver function  Disseminated intravascular coagulation
  • 129. Disease or lack of vitamin K leads to inability to produce or deficiency of clotting factors:  Hemophilia  Thrombocytopenia  Impaired liver function  Disseminated intravascular coagulation
  • 130. Disease or lack of vitamin K leads to inability to produce or deficiency of clotting factors:  Hemophilia  Thrombocytopenia  Impaired liver function  Disseminated intravascular coagulation
  • 131. In this condition a deficiency of platelets causes internal bleeding during normal movements:  Hemophilia  Thrombocytopenia  Impaired liver function  Disseminated intravascular coagulation
  • 132. In this condition a deficiency of platelets causes internal bleeding during normal movements:  Hemophilia  Thrombocytopenia  Impaired liver function  Disseminated intravascular coagulation
  • 133. These agglutinogens do not cause immediate antibody reaction during a transfusion, but do cause a reaction upon the second exposure:  Antigens  Agglutinogens  ABO blood groups  Agglutinins  Rh factor
  • 134. These agglutinogens do not cause immediate antibody reaction during a transfusion, but do cause a reaction upon the second exposure:  Antigens  Agglutinogens  ABO blood groups  Agglutinins  Rh factor
  • 135. These glycoprotein/glycolipid markers on cell membranes identify cells as self or foreign:  Antigens  Agglutinogens  ABO blood groups  Agglutinins  Rh factor
  • 136. These glycoprotein/glycolipid markers on cell membranes identify cells as self or foreign:  Antigens  Agglutinogens  ABO blood groups  Agglutinins  Rh factor
  • 137. These categories are based on the absence or presence of A and B agglutinogens:  Antigens  Agglutinogens  ABO blood groups  Agglutinins  Rh factor
  • 138. These categories are based on the absence or presence of A and B agglutinogens:  Antigens  Agglutinogens  ABO blood groups  Agglutinins  Rh factor
  • 139. Antigens on RBCs that promote clotting in other blood types:  Antigens  Agglutinogens  ABO blood groups  Agglutinins  Rh factor
  • 140. Antigens on RBCs that promote clotting in other blood types:  Antigens  Agglutinogens  ABO blood groups  Agglutinins  Rh factor
  • 141. These are preformed antibodies on RBCs that act against agglutinogens not carried on the individual’s RBCs:  Antigens  Agglutinogens  ABO blood groups  Agglutinins  Rh factor
  • 142. These are preformed antibodies on RBCs that act against agglutinogens not carried on the individual’s RBCs:  Antigens  Agglutinogens  ABO blood groups  Agglutinins  Rh factor
  • 143. This ABO blood type is the universal recipient:  AB  A  B  O
  • 144. This ABO blood type is the universal recipient:  AB  A  B  O
  • 145. This ABO blood type is the universal donor:  AB  A  B  O
  • 146. This ABO blood type is the universal donor:  AB  A  B  O
  • 147. This tests to see if the donor’s and recipient’s blood will cause agglutination during transfusion:  Hemolytic disease of the newborn  Transfusion reaction  Autologous transfusion  Cross matching
  • 148. This tests to see if the donor’s and recipient’s blood will cause agglutination during transfusion:  Hemolytic disease of the newborn  Transfusion reaction  Autologous transfusion  Cross matching
  • 149. During a second pregnancy, an Rh- mother may produce antibodies that attack the fetus’ RBCs:  Hemolytic disease of the newborn  Transfusion reaction  Autologous transfusion  Cross matching
  • 150. During a second pregnancy, an Rh- mother may produce antibodies that attack the fetus’ RBCs:  Hemolytic disease of the newborn  Transfusion reaction  Autologous transfusion  Cross matching
  • 151. Agglutination leads to RBC rupture, and hemoglobin in the bloodstream can lead to kidney shutdown:  Hemolytic disease of the newborn  Transfusion reaction  Autologous transfusion  Cross matching
  • 152. Agglutination leads to RBC rupture, and hemoglobin in the bloodstream can lead to kidney shutdown:  Hemolytic disease of the newborn  Transfusion reaction  Autologous transfusion  Cross matching
  • 153. A patient’s blood is pre-donated and banked prior to operations:  Hemolytic disease of the newborn  Transfusion reaction  Autologous transfusion  Cross matching
  • 154. A patient’s blood is pre-donated and banked prior to operations:  Hemolytic disease of the newborn  Transfusion reaction  Autologous transfusion  Cross matching