Glassware is commonly used in laboratories to contain and transport liquids. Beakers can hold fluids for mixing, heating, and reactions, though their volume measurements may be approximate. Funnels are used for pouring and filtration, with separatory funnels having features to prevent spillage. Pipets precisely measure fluid amounts, while volumetric flasks are used to create precise solutions by filling to an etched line. All glassware should be cleaned immediately after use.

1. Glassware apparatus and
their uses

2.  Glassware used as laboratory apparatus offers a wide range of
containment and transport functions for solutions and other liquids used in
laboratories.
 Most laboratory glassware is manufactured with borosilicate glass, a
particularly durable glass that can safely be used to hold chemicals being
heated over a flame and to contain acidic or corrosive chemicals.
 All laboratory glassware should be cleaned immediately following use to
prevent chemical residue from congealing or hardening.

3. Beakers
 Beakers are glass containers that come in a variety of sizes and can be
used for mixing and transporting fluids, heating fluids over an open flame
and containing chemicals during a reaction.
 While most beakers have graduated volume measurements etched into
their glass, the measurements are an approximation that may deviate
from the actual volume by five percent, making them unsuitable for use as
a precision measurement tool.

4. Funnels
 Glass funnels can be used to guard against spillage when pouring
chemicals from one vessel to another, and they can also be fitted with a
filter to separate solids from liquids.
 Separatory funnels are also used for filtration and extraction, having a
bulb-shaped enclosed body fitted with a stopper on top to prevent
spillage when the funnel is inverted, along with a stopcock at the spout’s
base, which can be used to gradually lower the bulb’s internal pressure.

5. Pipets
 Pipets are used to draw precisely measured amounts of fluid from a
receptacle. Volumetric pipets are crafted to draw one specific quantity of
a sample, while Mohr pipets have graduations that allow the lab worker to
draw varying amounts of a sample.
 Squeeze bulbs are most often used to draw the fluid into the pipet. A lab
worker squeezes the bulb as she places the pipet’s open end into the
solution and releases the bulb to collect her desired quantity of fluid.

6. Volumetric flasks
 Volumetric flasks are used to create precise quantities of solutions.
 A graduation line is etched into the volumetric flask’s neck to indicate
volume, and the lab worker begins to fill the flask by first adding the solute.
 She continues by pouring in her solvent and then gradually adds drops of
water as needed to bring the level of her solution up to the flask’s
graduated line.

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