What is B3 (Niacin) ? Functions of Niacin Sources of Niacin Deficiency of Niacin Diseases of Niacin Treatment

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:: B3 [ NIACIN ]::

2. :: B-3 [NIACIN] ::
• It is also known as Nicotinic acid
or Nicotinamide.
• It is a water soluble vitamin and
partially thermostable.

3. FUNCTIONS : ( NIACIN) :
• Niacin is important in energy production.
• Essential for conversion of proteins, fats,
carbohydrates into usable energy.
• In lipid metabolism it inhibits production of
cholesterol and assist in fat breakdown. In
pharmacological doses, niacin has been
proven to reverse atherosclerosis.

4. • Good sources of niacin are :
1. Green vegetables : tomatoes, broccoli, carrots,
peas, sweet potatoes,
2. Beef, Chicken, fish, eggs, mushroom, liver,
Milk
3. husk of cereals, pulses, beans,dates
4. Foods rich in tryptophan (dairy products) can
compensate for niacin because the body can
convert tryptophan to niacin.
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SOURCES ( NIACIN) :

5. RDA OF NIACIN :
• 5 – 15 mg / day
ARIA report 2008, 2016
• RDA (Recommanded daily allowance ) OF B3 :
Overdosage of Vitamin B-3 :
• Toxicity : Flushing, itching, liver damage
• 16 mg / day ( Pregnancy)
• 17 mg / day (Breast feeding)

6. :: Deficiency of NIACIN ::
• B3 Deficiency common in every countries
1. Poor dietary intake : malnutrition, fasting,
starvation
2. Decreased synthesis : Liver diseases, carcinoid
syndrom, deficiency of riboflavin, Iron.
3. Decreased absorption : Inflammatory bowel
disease, Hartnup disease (reduced tryptophan
absorption), GI surgery
4. Medications : Isoniazid, Azathioprine,
Pyrazinamide, Phenobarnital

7. • Condition of Niacin deficiency is called
Pellagra.
• Common in person whose staple diet is maize
because maize is low in niacin and tryptophan.
• Diagnositc triad : Remember 3 D’s
1. Dermatitis : exposed parts (skin become reddish
brown, dry and scaly) Symmetric, Casals
Necklace, Photosensitivity
2. Diarrhoea
3. Dementia : poor memeory
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SYMPTOMS : DEFICIENCY ::

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SYMPTOMS : PELLAGRA ::
Symmetrical scales Casals Neckless sign

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• Niacin B3 Supplementation :
1. 50 mg x 3 times a day for 3
weeks
2. Avoid sun exposure
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:: Treatment ::