The document provides information about various departments and projects of the Communication and Works Department of Punjab, Pakistan. It discusses the Highway Department, Building Department, and Architecture Department of C&W. It also describes several road and building projects visited during an internship, including the New Punjab Assembly, E-Library and Hub of Libraries, Cricket Ground for Blind, and Punjab International Swimming Complex. Details are given about the structure, materials, and status of each project.

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02-07-2018
Muhammad Kamal Ud Din Anwar
2015-UET-CCET-CIVIL-03
Final Year Internship
12-08-2018
Signature

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INTRODUCTION OF ORGANIZATION
Communication and Works Department is a department of Government of Punjab,
Pakistan. The Department is responsible for planning, execution, development and
maintenance of all Roads and Bridges in province of Punjab.

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DEPARTMENTS:
 Highway Department
 Building Department
 Architecture Department
Highway Department
Highways department is attached to Communication
and Works Department. Punjab Highways
Department is responsible for construction and
maintenance of all the provincial roads network. The
department maintains a network of over 38000 km of
roads
Building Department
Functions of Building Department is Designing and
construction of Buildings for various Government
Departments and repair and maintenance of
government buildings
Architecture Department
Architecture Department, an attached department of
the Communication & Works Department. The
department provides architectural services to various
departments of the Punjab Government. It is mainly
concerned with planning, designing and supervision of
architectural aspects of all the Government sponsored
projects.

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Road Construction Division Circle I, Lahore
Introduction
Highway:-
A highway is any public or private road or other public way on land. It is used for
major roads, but also includes other public roads and public tracks.
Types of roads based on material:-
 Earthen roads
 Gravel roads
 Murrum roads
 Kankar roads
 WBM roads
 Bituminous roads
 Concrete roads
Earthen Roads:-
Earthen roads are laid with soil. They are cheaper of all
types of roads. This type of road is provided for less traffic
areas and or for countryside areas. Good drainage system
should be required which reflects good performance for
longer period.

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Gravel Roads:-
Gravel roads are also low quality roads but they are good
when compared to earthen roads. Compacted mixture of
gravel and earth is used as pavement material in this case.
Murrum Roads
Murrum is a matter obtained from the disintegration of
igneous rocks by weathering agencies. This is used to
make roads called as murrum roads.
Kankar Roads
Kankar is nothing but impure form of lime stone. Kankar
roads are provided where lime is available in good quantity.
These are also low quality and performance wise they are
similar to gravel and murrum roads.

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WBM Roads
Water Bound Macadam (WBM) roads contain crushed stone
aggregate in its base course. The aggregates are spread on the
surface and these are rolled after sprinkling water.WBM roads
provides better performance compared to earthen, gravel,
murrum and kankar roads.WBM roads are laid as layers about
10cm thickness of each layer. They are very rough and may
disintegrate immediately under traffic.
Bituminous Roads
Bituminous roads are very popular roads around the
world. They are most used roads in the world. They are
low in cost and good for driving conditions. They are
flexible and thickness of bituminous roads depends upon
the subgrade soil conditions.
Concrete Roads
Cement concrete is used to construct the pavements in
case of concrete roads. These are very popular and
costlier than all other types of roads. They are not
flexible so, they require less maintenance.Concrete
roads are suitable for high traffic areas. Concrete roads
are laid with joints and time of construction is more.

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Types of Roads Based on Location and Function
 National highways
 State highways
 District roads
 Rural roads or village roads
Types of Roads Based on Traffic Volume
 Light traffic roads
 Medium traffic roads
 High traffic roads
Light Traffic Roads
The roads which are carrying 400 vehicles daily on an average is called light traffic roads.
Medium Traffic Roads
If a road carrying 400 to 1000 vehicles per day then it is said to be medium traffic road.
High Traffic Roads
If a road is carrying is more than 1000 vehicles per day then it is considered as high traffic road.
Types of Roads Based on Economy
 Low cost roads
 Medium cost roads
 High cost roads
The economy depend upon the location and function of roads and also on the traffic analysis.

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Types of Roads Based on Traffic Type
 Pedestrian ways
 Cycle tracks
 Motorways
Pedestrian Ways
Pedestrian ways are exclusively built for pedestrians and no vehicles are permitted in this way.
Cycle Tracks
Cycle tracks or bicycle tracks are provided on both sides of pavement for cyclists hence they can
travel safely.
Motorways
Motorways are also known as expressways. Only few vehicles are accessible to use this type of
roads. The vehicles which can move with high speed acceleration are permitted into this way.
Motorways makes travel quick and provides comfort for high speed vehicles.
Types of Roads Based on Rigidity
 Flexible roads
 Rigid roads
Flexible Roads
Flexible roads consists flexible layer as pavement surface which require good maintenance
otherwise it can be disintegrated easily with heavy traffic. All types of roads except concrete
roads are come under this category.

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Rigid Roads
Rigid pavements are non-flexible and cement concrete roads are come under this category.
Types of Roads Based on Topography
 Plain area road
 Hilly area roads
Plain Area Road
The roads constructed on leveled surface is known as plain area roads.
Hilly Area Roads
Roads constructed in hilly regions are called as hill
area roads or ghat roads. Generally these are
provided around the hill in spiral shape.

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ProjectDescription
Project
Construction of road start from ferozpur road via haveli moran haveli habib ullah , thay dyal
singh chak aaso to link thay chanb district Lahore.
Length = 4.30 km
Total cost = 64.5 million
Detail
 Dismantling of existing soling complete in all respect
 Dismantling of road pavement etc, I /c screening and stacking by product to one chain
complete in all respect
 Earth work for making embankment i/c all lead and lift i/c 95%, 200% compaction complete
in all respect.
 Relaying of dismantled material road pavement as sub base course crushed stone aggregates
100% compacted in all respect.
 Providing and laying sub base of stone product of approved quality and grade including
spacing, mixing, spreading and compaction of sub base material to require depth, camber and
grade to achieve 100% maximum modified AASTHO dry density.
 Road edging 3” wide and 9” deep
 Laying base course of crushed stone aggregate according to AASTO dry density.
 Providing bituminous prime court using by 10lbs bitumen and 10 lbs kerosene oil
 Providing 2’’ thick base course plant premixed bituminous carpet
 Lane marking with thermoplastic paint 5’’ wide stripe
 Providing and fixing cat eyes size 90 * 100 * 5 mm
 Client is C&W.
 Consultant is NESPAK.

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 Contractor is M/S Muhammad Yaqoob Gujjar , Government Contractor, House No.397
Street No.4, Jhangir Park Behind General Hospital Lahore.
Structure of road
Pics During Site Visit
Sub Grade on the Road
Piles Of The Bridge Being Constructed

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Activities Participated
We visited only one site and didn’t
participated in any activity other than
that. We just come in the office and
just get some knowledge from the office employees because these were the closing days of the
HIGHWAY department and there were no such activities being performed there. We hardly
managed to convince them to take us on this particular site thanks to XEN.
Activities Observed
 We got the knowledge of the road components.
 How road is made
 How compaction is done
 What is the cost of 1 km road fully constructed from top to bottom
 How execution of the project is done
 What kind of road should be made in a particular area
 Lack of funds from the government for execution of a project
Correlationof the Activities with Standards
Activities performed were according to the standards .There were no activities as such which
were against the standards. The HIGHWAY department follows the standard of AASHTO.
Several tests that are performed e.g. CONCRETE TEST; BITUMEN TEST etc. were according
to the AASHTO standards.
Study of Drawing
We have study the drawing of BRIDGE OVER HUDIARA DRAIN in LAHORE. Sir Inam from
C&W who is a sub engineer. had briefed us about this bridge a little bit . it is a 120ft long bridge
with stone walls for the protection of existing banks . It consists of 9 central piers and 6 abutment
SDO Briefing about the Project

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piers. The width of the bridge was 28ft. The length from the top of abutment pier to its pile was
75ft. And the length of central pier from its top to end of its pile was 95ft. R.C.C pier cap was
made and above it R.C.C slab was made over which the carpeted road was constructed.
Difficulties Faced
All the members of the department from SE to deputy director to XEN to sub engg. All the
employees behaved kindly with us. They advised us about this field and also about our lives.
They consider us their heirs. They consider us to be the future SDO, etc. and treated us very
kindly. Overall we have had a great time and it was an honor to meet them all and to be a part of
this system.
Summary
The overall visit to HIGHWAY department of C&W was great. Meeting several kinds of
employees having different views about this department. Some having good views and some
having bad views about this department, but we enjoyed our time enjoying the facilities provided
by them. We learnt a lot from there like professional skills as well as field experience. We also
learnt how to behave with seiners & juniors.
Plan View
Elevation

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Building Department Circle II, Lahore
Building
“A structure which has roofed, walls and floor such as a house or factory is called building.”
Types of Building
There are many types of building. We can easily separate buildings according to their work.
They also constructed according to their work.
For Example
there is a large difference between construction of School, Shopping mall,
Hospital, Library and Houses etc.
Types of Structure
There are many types of structure but usually we are used
 Frame Structure,
 Brick masonry,
 Arches,
 Steel structure
 Cable structure.
In Pakistan Frame structure & Brick masonry are more common types of structure in building
construction.
Types of Foundations
There are many types of foundations used as a sub-Structure
according to their need and also depends upon the type of soil and type of building. There are
two major types of foundations are

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Shallow Foundation
 Raft or Mat Foundation
 Spread Footings
 Isolated Footings
DeepFoundation
 Deep Strip Footings
 Pile Foundation
 Pier Foundation (drilled caisson )
 Well Foundation
List of C&W Projects Visited by Us
There many useful projects are undergoing under the supervision of C&W in our internship
period but we visited few of them due to shortage of time. Which are given below.
 New Punjab Assembly
 E-Library & Hub of Libraries
 Cricket Ground for Blind
 Swimming Pool
 Pediatric Hospital / Institute of Child Health Lahore

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New Punjab Assembly
 In 2005 Chodhri Pervaiz Illahi was started this project. Now it is 75 % completed.
 Teek wood used having price 1800 to 2000 per Sqft it was import from Berma
 It is located at GPO Chok near to Jen Mandir and WAPDA House.
 It is a frame structure
 Old assembly hall having 250 persons capacity whereas new Punjab assembly hall having
capacity of 500 people approximately.
 HVAC system has been provided. This will make building cool in summer and hot in winter.
 This hall having more height so due to this height eco will be produce. For the removal of
eco C&W used noise absorber and wood work which is also sound absorber.
 The actual cost of this project is 4000 Million. It is revised cost.

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 The major and complicated part of this building is its doom having 120 ft dia.
 In the formation of this doom circular beam is provided and for its reinforcement Carbon
fiber is used having Tensile Strength 4,50,000 Psi
 Suppliers are Concrete Concept & Izhaar Companies.
 A small mosque also formed for the public of Punjab Assembly.
 In front of building tuff tiles are used.
 Five Generators are inserted into the building which will generate 4.5 Electricity in the
absence of WAPDA supply. These five generators work automatically (on & off) according
to the load.
 The high quality stones are used named as Granite. They also are imported having origin
Agra India (via UAe). Some click on site .

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New Punjab Assembly With Engineer Zaheer Sb

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E Library &Hub of Libraries
 The main point of this building is esthetically outstanding and according to its work. No need
to mention a sign board in front of it “A Library” Its formation shows it is a library.
 Administrative approval for Ground floor was 53.415 Million (Dated:29-12-2015
 Technical Sanction was 54.375 Million (Dated:04-03-2016)
 It is two story building, ground floor is E-Library & 1st floor is Hub of Libraries.
 The auditorium of this building having more height (Equal to the total building Height).
 In this auditorium sound proofing system is inserted. During seminars no disturbance will be
created for other readers.
 Construction of main building is equal to 10155 Sft.

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 Parking for 60 to 70 cars and bikes etc.
 For disable people Ramp is provided.
 Grooved granite tiles are use on the ramp.
 Tuff tiles are used in non-grass area and parking.
 Fire brigade system is also provided.
 Back side of the building emergency stairs is provided.
 Some important information about Continents is provided on the outer wall of building.
 Administrative approval for Hub of Libraries was 28.290 Million (Dated: 03-12-2015)
 Technical Sanction was Rs; 25.728 Million. (Dated:19-02-216)
 Consultant is AZ Engineering Associates.
 Name of Agency is M/S Chaudhary Enterprises.
 When we visited the project it was almost completed. Library is full of computers and chair
Tables according to requirements. Library hall, Auditorium, Staff room, kitchen, wash rooms
and ground + parking were almost ready to use. (Dated: 28-07-2018)

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Cricket Ground for Blind
Cricket Stadium for Blind
 This is the best scheme named as ‘Development of Playfields in Various Districts of Punjab
43 in District Lahore’.
 Under discussion ground is located at Rakh Jhedo , Nishtar Town Lahore.
 It is for blind players.
 Administrative Approval was 74.268 million.( Dated:05-11-2015)
 Technical Sanction Rs: 101.188 million.
 It has Pavilion (Double Story) of 8021Sft Area.
 This playground has cricket ground with three Grassy Pitches of 110745 Sft.

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 It has three cemented practice Pitches.
 Area of Outdoor Sitting is 356 Sft.
 Guard Room and DM Mortar Room having 420 Sft..
 Low light pole are 6Nos.
 Tuff pavers 80mm having area of 28331Sft.
 Fence = 610Rft
 Boundary Wall = 1893Rft
 Name of Agency is M/S Raza Engineer.
 Agreement Amount Rs.60.095(M)
 Date of commencement was 12-06-2016
 Date of completion as per agreement was 11-04-2017
 Expected date of completion will be 24-08-2018
 Sports and games also necessary for disable people as well as healthy players.
 During our visit Grass plantation was under process.

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Punjab International Swimming Complex
 It is located at Nishtar Park, near to Qadafi Stadium Lahore.
 We were visited Punjab International Swimming Complex under the supervisions of C&W
Officers (XEN &SDO).
 At a time 8 players will be participate and Swim.
 Push Chairs are automatic as a player left time calculation will be start automatically.
 In this pool raft foundations was provided.
 Lengthwise and width wise both slope were provided.
 It has its own Guest House and Canteen.
 Permanent staff including maintenance Engineers are present.
 It is 120ft long and 40ft wide.

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 Different chemical used for the purification of water. Like Chlorine etc

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Pediatric Hospital / Institute of Child Health Lahore
 Administrative Approval was 543.55(M) Dated:05-10-1998
 Revised Rs.1937.144(M) Dated:02-01-2012
 The scheme has undergone revision from time to time due o change in scope of work and
increase in rates.
 Scope of work comprises of two parts.
 Emergency Block, Outpatient Block, Diagnostic Block, Administrative and External
Development. Work was divided into 14 groups and completed into 1994.
 Construction of Inpatient Block.(Part I, II & III)
Construction of Part I, II &III
Block I:
 Construction of Ground,1st and 2nd floor occupied 22200 Sqf each.
 Third floor has 18523 Sqf constructed area.
 Fourth floor has 228Sqf.
 Technical Sanction was Rs. 1116.500(M) Dated:05-04-2006

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 Name of Agency is M/S Freed Co.(Pvt) Ltd.
 Agreement Amount was 117.349 (M)
 Date of Commencement was 20-05-2006
 Date of completion was 19-11-2008
 Total up-to-date expenditures were 121.430(M)
 Physical progress : Work completed in year 2009
Block II
 Area of ground floor is 32167-Sqf
 Area of 1st floor is 31021Sqf
 Area of 2nd floor is 28079Sqf
 Area of 3rd floor is 24045Sqf
 Area of 4th floor is 2150Sqf
 Total area is 117462Sqf
Block III
 Area of ground floor is 35015-Sqf
 Area of 1st floor is 32557Sqf
 Area of 2nd floor is 32557Sqf
 Area of 3rd floor is 10058Sqf
 4th floor is rise portion
 Total area is 117462Sqf
 Technical Sanction was Rs.451.988 (M). Dated;17-02-2009
 Name of Agency was M/S Freed Co. Pvt Ltd
 Agreement Amount was Rs.425.787(M)
 Date of commencement was 03-06-2009

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 Date of completion was 02-06-2011 (Extended date :30-12-2012)
 Total up-to-date expenditures were 482.009(M)
 Physical progress : work has completed.
Drawing

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Building Research Station Lahore
 We were visited building research section .
 We were see different lab(soil lab , chemical lab etc.) and little intro about instrument.

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3. Activities Participation
We visited many sites as above mentioned and participated in field activities and some lab tests
and find out the PH and quantity of sulfate in water. PH of water should be between 6 &8 and
PH of soil must be between 6&9. For ordinary Portland cement soil must be contain less than
0.24% total sulfates contents. We find out the quantity of lime in cement which must be 62 to
65% in Portland cement.
4. Activities Observed
In this period of internship we observed many useful activities like water absorption test of
bricks, Sulfate test of water and soil, lime test of cement etc.
The major thing which we observed was that execution of drawings.
5. Correlationof the Activities with Standards
All tests and executions were done according to ASTM & ASHTO etc.
i.e. compaction of soil was according to ASTM and bitumen tests were according to ASHTO.
6. Difficulties Faced
As there is a list of projects having different locations and we are less familiar with Lahore so
that’s why it is difficult to manage transport and location. But we were manage with the help of
Allah and guideline of officers of C&W.
7. Summary
The overall visit of building department of C&W was interesting. Met with several kind
employees, including motivational speaker Sultan Khan having different views about this
department. Some having good views and some having bad views about this department, but we
enjoyed our time enjoying the facilities provided by them. We were learnt different things like
professional skills i.e. time management, behave with others and punctuality etc as well as we
learnt how to study a drawing and its execution. We also performed some lab tests. At the end
we were awarded by internship certificates and best wishes.

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