Some Approaches in Teaching English
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Some Approaches in Teaching English
- 1. Some approaches in Teaching English
- 2. NAME :YUDHI IRAWAN N. O. S : 16108810031 S.P - FACULTY : (FKIP) ENGLISH DEPARTMENT COURSE :Teaching English as Foreign Language LECTURE : DIAN FADHILAWATI,M.Pd ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF BALITAR
- 3. In language teaching, in the general area of teaching methodology, people talk about approaches, methods, procedures, and techniques.This post will help to clarify the meaning of these interrelated terms and provide examples of each.
- 4. APPROACH An approach is a theory about language learning or even a philoshopy of how people learn in general.They can be psychologically focused such as behaviorism or cognitivism.They can also be based on older philosophies such as idealism or realism. Approaches are fuzzy and hard to define because they are broad in nature. An example of an approach that leads to a method would be the philosophies of scholasticism, faculty of psychology, or even perennialism. Each of these philosophies encouraged the development of the mind in the way of a muscle.Train the brain and a person would be able to do many different things.These philosophies have impacted some methods of language teaching as we will see below.
- 5. METHOD A method is an application of an approach in the context of language teaching.An example of a method is the grammar-translation method.This method employs the memorization of various grammar rules and the translation of second language material to the student’s native language. Students were able to develop the intellectual capacity to understand the new language through a deductive process of acquiring the rules of the language.The purpose is not to critique this method but to show how it was derived from the approach that the mind needs to be trained through intellectual exercises to be able to accomplish something.
- 6. PROCEDURES Procedures are the step-by-step measures to execute a method.These step-by-step measures are called techniques and will be discussed next. Common procedures for the grammar-translation method includes the following… The ESL / ELLTeacher’s Survival Guide • The class reads a text written in the second language. • Student translates the passage from the second language to their mother tongue. • Student translates new words from the second language to their mother tongue. • Student is given a grammar rule and derived from the example they apply the rule by using the new words. • Student memorizes the vocabulary of the second language. • Student memorizes grammar rules. • Errors made by the student are corrected by providing the right answers. • This is the process (with variation) that is used when employing the grammar-translation method.
- 7. TECHNIQUES A technique is a single activity that comes from a procedure. Anyone of the steps of the procedure list above qualifies as a technique. Naturally, various methods employ various techniques.
- 8. KINDS OF APPROACH IN GENERAL a. Student-Centered Approach • Student-centered approach is learning approach that focuses on the learner rather than the teacher. Student- centered teaching is based on the constructivist model in which students construct rather than receive or assimilate knowledge. b. Teacher-Centered Approach • Teacher – centered learning is the approach of teaching a lesson in front of a classroom in which the teacher active gives information to the students. It involves planning for instruction, implementing the instructional plan, and evaluating students’ learning toward the instructional objectives.Teacher-centered learning is useful for conveying new information and materials to small or large groups at one time. In simple words,Teacher-centered learning means that the teacher is the person who is informing knowledge or information to the student and thee student is the receiver of this knowledge.
- 9. 1. GRAMMARTRANSLATION METHOD • The most common method • Teaches the students more about the language and the rules, rather than how to use it practically. • Student many have a great knowledge of the language or the rules but they do not have the chances to applicate it. • It some how could in hibt student in doing role play, discussion, precentation, and etc
- 10. 2. AUDIO LINGUAL METHOD • Take long time because this method is closely connected to “Driling” (mengulang) • This might be not-so-fun method for student because they have to repeat what they have been learnt. • Might be effective for beginner to learn vocabulary.
- 11. 3. TASK BASED METHOD • The teacher focuses on the task they give to the students to be completed. • Learned mostly by checking and discussing the mistakes that students did on the task, and how to correct them.
- 12. CONCLUSION Language teaching involves approaches that lead to methods, methods that are broken down into procedures, and procedures that are a collection of techniques. Understanding how these concepts interrelate can help a teacher know the reasons behind their choices in how they choose to teach.