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Transforming ecology into conservation decision-making: the performance of African protected areas for lions and their prey
1. The performance
of African
protected areas for
lions and their
prey
Lindsey et al. 2017, Biological Conservation
A critique by Jessica Pinder, School of Biosciences,
The University of Queensland
3. Efficient management is needed to conserve lions within existing reserve system
Top order predator
Economic value
(phototourism,
hunting)
Umbrella species
Currently just over half
of lion range has
protected area status
(Riggio et al. 2012)
Conserving Panthera leo
Wild lion populations
have declined by 43%
since 1993, making the
IUCN Red List (Bauer
et al. 2015)
4. Research Objectives
Determine which
factors improve the
efficacy of conservation
for lions and their prey
Determine the
performance of
protected areas in
conserving lions
Understand the major
threats to wildlife in
African protected areas
1 2 3
5.
6. STEP 3:
Evaluate lion populations
in reserves
published literature
expert estimates
STEP 1:
Determine protected areas
across lion range
186 reserves >1000km2
14 countries
The Game Plan
STEP 2:
Determine reserve carrying
capacity* of lions
soil type & rainfall
STEP 4:
Evaluate ungulate prey
populations in reserves
above or below 50%
expert estimates
10. 4.4 Necessary steps
… “There is an urgent need for
elevated funding and more
focused conservation efforts
directed towards protected areas
in many countries” …
11.
12. The makings of good
conservation science
Considers political and socioeconomic
realities
Spatial distribution of threats
- Central / West Africa highest concern
Identifies protected areas that are
underperforming
- Bushmeat poaching most severe in
large protected areas with smaller budget
Considers potential management
interventions (phototourism & fencing)
13. What can we do with this information to manage reserves efficiently???
Considers costs but
not cost
effectiveness?
(standardise
budgets)
Roadblocks to decision making
Design renders
spatial planning
tools such as
Marxan and
Zonation inutile
Categorises
protected areas on
a binary system
based on CC
(ranking?)
14. Which protected areas and
what management actions
should we invest in, to
most efficiently increase
lion and their prey
populations?
15. Cost Effectivity Analysis
PROJECT PRIORITISATION PROTOCOL
1. DEFINE OBJECTIVE
Increase lions and prey populations in
existing reserves > 50% carrying capacity
2. PRIORITISE ASSETS
Identify protected areas with greatest
potential for conservation gain by
ranking carrying capacity performance
19. Where should we invest?
How can we prioritise between reserves?
What actions should we take?
To discover solutions you
must clearly understand
the problem you are
trying to solve
Editor's Notes
As you are all aware Africa is not only the birthplace of human civilisation, it is highly biodiverse c and it has a long history of people living harmony with wildlife. It is the process of this coevolution which is thought to have led to the persistence of extant megafauna
STEP 2: published literature, ongoing research, expert estimates
* lions: model that predicts variation in lion density based on soil type and rainfall
Factors relating to management were the most important determinants of effectiveness for the conservation of lions
Have we really learned more about efficient management?
Considers objectives, actions and costs
Talk about quantifiable objective… (many ways of framing this, 100% carrying capacity to ambitious especially considering that this was calculated off a rainfall and soil type model, which doesn’t incorporate the social and political realities)
Functioning over 50% carrying capacity is a more realistic goal