Elements are pure substances made of only one type of atom that cannot be broken down further by chemical means. There are 118 known elements including metals like iron, nonmetals like oxygen, and metalloids like silicon. Compounds are made of two or more elements chemically bonded together and can be decomposed into their constituent elements. Some important compounds for life include water, sodium chloride, calcium carbonate, and others. Dmitri Mendeleev created the first periodic table that organized elements according to their properties.

1. ELEMENTS
AND
COMPOUNDS

2. FOCUS POINTS:
Recognize that pure
substances are classified
into elements and
compounds.
Discuss the importance of
elements and compounds in
our daily life.

3. ELEMENTS

4. ELEMENTS
- are the simplified form of
matter which cannot be
decomposed by ordinary
chemical means.
- contains one type of atom
- There are 118 known elements

5. An element is made from one kind of
atom only. It cannot be broken down
into simpler substances.
An element
An element
atom atom

6. 3 Major Categories of
Elements:

7. Elements that are
dull, poor
conductors of
thermal energy and
electric currents.
Solid nonmetals
tend to be brittle
and unmalleable.
NONMETALS
EXAMPLES

8. Elements that are
shiny, good
conductors of thermal
energy and electric
current, malleable,
and ductile.
METALS EXAMPLES

9. Elements that have
properties of both
metals and nonmetals.
Some are shiny and
some can be dull. They
are somewhat malleable
and ductile. Some
conduct thermal energy
and electric currents
well.
METALLOIDS
EXAMPLES

10. Now look in your periodic table
and find the element of the
following symbols, then find out
if it is a metal, a non-metal or a
metalloid.

21. Who is the father of
the Periodic Table of
Elements?

23. Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev– was a
Russian chemist and inventor.
- He is best remembered for
formulating the Periodic Law and
creating a farsighted version of the
periodic table of elements.
- He jotted down the symbols for the
chemical elements, putting them in
order according to their atomic weights.

24. Who proposed the
system of chemical
symbols?

26. Jons Jakob Berzelius – great
Swedish chemist
- He suggested that the first letter of
the elements be used as the symbol
for the element.
- He also suggested that if two or
more elements start with the same
letter, the first and second letters will
be used for the symbol.

27. NAMES AND SYMBOLS OF ELEMENTS
ELEMENTS SYMBOL LATIN NAME
Gold Au Aurum
Carbon C Carbo
Copper Cu Cuprum
Hydrogen H Hydro
Calcium Ca Calx
Iron Fe Ferrum

28. Nitrogen N Nitrum
Potassium K Kalium
Silver Ag Argentums
Sodium Na Natrium
Antimony Sb Stibium
Tin Sn Stannum

29. MOST ABUNDANT
ELEMENTS
IN THE
ENVIRONMENT

30. EARTH’S CRUST EARTH’S WATER
Oxygen 46% Oxygen 85%
Silicon 28% Hydrogen 11%
Aluminium 8% Chlorine 2%
Iron 5% Sodium 1%
Calcium 3% Others 1%
Sodium 3%
100%
Potassium 2%
Magnesium 2%
Others 3%
100%

31. EARTH’S ATMOSPHERE
Nitrogen 78%
Oxygen, argon, neon, and other gases 21%
Gases 1%
100%

32. ELEMENTS IN THE HUMAN BODY
Oxygen 65 %
Carbon 18%
Hydrogen 10%
Nitrogen 3%
Calcium 2%
Phosphorus 1%
Others 1%

33. Give an elements
and tell it’s
importance in our
life.

34. COMPOUNDS
- is a pure substance that can
be decomposed by a
chemical change into simpler
substances with a fixed
mass ratio.
- Two or more elements
chemically combined.

35. A compound is made from more than one
element.
atom atom
A compound made up of
2 different elements
A compound made up of
7 different elements

36. A compound can be broken down into elements
A compound made up of 3
different elements
An element
An element
An element

37. Examples
Carbon + oxygen carbon monoxide
(1 part) (1 part) CO
Carbon + oxygen carbon dioxide
(1 part) (2 parts) CO₂

38. Examples
Hydrogen + oxygen
(2 parts) (1 part) H₂O
Sodium + chloride Sodium Chloride
(1 part) (1 part) NaCl

39. Examples
Nitrogen + Hydrogen Ammonia
(1 part) (3 parts) NH3
Carbon + Hydrogen + Oxygen
(12 parts) (22 parts) (11 parts)
C12H22O11 (Table Sugar)

40. Compounds that are necessary
in our daily life:
1. Water

41. Compounds that are necessary
in our daily life:
2. Sodium chloride

42. Compounds that are necessary
in our daily life:
3. Calcium carbonate

43. Compounds that are necessary
in our daily life:
4. Hydrochloric acid

44. Compounds that are necessary
in our daily life:
5. Sulfuric Acid

45. What Am I?

46. Material Made up of: Element or
compound
Water Hydrogen and Oxygen Compound
Coal Carbon Element
Carbon dioxide Carbon and Oxygen Compound
Oxygen Oxygen Element
Chalk Calcium, Carbon &
Oxygen
Compound
Wax Carbon & Hydrogen Compound
Table salt Sodium & Chlorine Compound
Caffeine Carbon, Hydrogen,
Nitrogen & Oxygen
Compound

47. Can you identify the following?
You will be shown a series of photos.
Tell if each photo represents an item
composed of an element or
compound.
Review:
 An element contains just one type of
atom.
 A compound contains two or more
elements chemically combined.

48. Element or Compound?
Copper

49. Element or Compound?
Copper

50. Element or Compound?
T
able Sugar

51. Element or Compound?
T
able Sugar

52. Element or Compound?
Diamond

53. Element or Compound?
Diamond

54. Element or Compound?
Salt

55. Element or Compound?
Salt

56. Element or Compound?
Neon Gas

57. Element or Compound?
Neon Gas

58. Element or Compound?
PureWater

59. Element or Compound?
PureWater

60. Element or Compound?
Aluminum

61. Element or Compound?
Aluminum

62. Element or Compound?
Silver

63. Element or Compound?
Silver

64. Element or Compound?
Sand

65. Element or Compound?
Sand

66. Any questions?

67. Thank you for
listening!