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What is
micro-pro?
A microprocessor is
basically the brain of the
computer. We can also call
this as processor or CPU. It
is basically a computer
processor that is mounted
on a single IC (Integrated
Circuit). It means that all
the functions of the
processor are included on a
single chip.
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Classification of
micro- pro based on
the Data width:
Depending on the data width,
microprocessors can process
instructions.
The microprocessors can be
classified as follows,
● 8 - bit microprocessor.
● 16 - bit microprocessor.
● 32 - bit microprocessor.
● 64 - bit microprocessor.
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Classification of micro-pro based on Instruction set:
The size of the instruction set is another important consideration
while categorizing microprocessors. Initially, microprocessors had
small instruction sets because complex hardware was expensive as well
as difficult to build. As technology developed ,more complex
instructions were added.
1, RISC - REDUCED INSTRUCTION SET COMPUTER.
2,CISC - COMPLEX INSTRUCTION SET COMPUTER.
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Introduction
RISC stands for Reduced
Instruction Set Computer
Processor, a microprocessor
architecture with a simple
collection and highly customized
set of instructions.It is built to
minimize the instruction execution
time by optimizing and limiting
the number of instructions.
As per the name, in this, the
instructions are quite simple,
and hence, they execute quickly.
Moreover, the instructions get
complete in one clock cycle and
also use a few addressing modes
only. Besides, it makes use of
multiple registers so that
interaction with memory is less.
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RISC ARCHITECTURE
It is a highly customized set of
instructions used in portable
devices due to system
reliability such as Apple iPod,
mobiles/smartphones,
Nintendo DS,
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K ADVANTAGES ● RISC allows the
instruction to use free
space on a
microprocessor because
of its simplicity.
● RISC processor is
simpler than a CISC
processor because of its
simple and quick design,
and it can complete its
work in one clock cycle.
● The RISC processor's
performance is better due
to the simple and limited
number of the instruction
set.
● It requires less
transistors that make it
cheaper to design.
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DISADVANTAGES
● The RISC processor's
performance may vary
according to the code
executed because
subsequent instructions
may depend on the previous
instruction for their
execution in a cycle.
● Programmers and compilers
often use complex
instructions.
● RISC processors require
very fast memory to save
various instructions that
require a large collection of
cache memory to respond to
the instruction in a short
time.
