Microprocessor presentation

1. Microprocessor
Complex Instruction Set
Computer (CISC)
Reduced Instruction Set
Computer (RISC)

2. Microprocessor
Microprocessor is the brain of micro
computer. It is a single chip which is capable
of processing data.

3. Classification
of Microprocessors
based on Instruction Set:
1. CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computer)
2. RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer)

4. CISC vs RISC

5. CISC (Complex
Instruction Set
Computer)
RISC (Reduced
Instruction Set
Computer)
CISC has large number of
complex instruction.
RISC contains small
number of simple and
basic instructions.
Instructions with variable
formats.
Instruction with fixed
format.
It has complex instruction
so program length is short.
It has simple instructions
so program length is long.
It requires a minimum
amount of RAM and
makes efficient use of
memory.
It requires more RAM.

6. CISC has large instruction set, which
results in more complex processor, and
requires millions of transistors.
RISC has fewer instructions , and requires
fewer transistors.
More manufacturing cost of processor. Reduced manufacturing cost of
processor.
Hardware centric
Design
Software centric
design
Takes more time to execute instruction Takes less time than CISC to execute
instruction
Consists multiple clock cycle. Takes single clock cycle.
Examples: System/360 , PDP-II , VAX,
68000,X86,etc.
Examples: SPARC,
Alpha,
PowerPC, etc.