1) The document reports on the status of groundnut breeding research in Tanzania conducted by the Naliendele research team between 2011-2012. 2) Key activities included evaluating over 300 genotypes for rust and rosette resistance, advancing breeding crosses to introgress resistance to diseases and drought, and evaluating 132 varieties for yield, adaptation and market traits. 3) Challenges faced by the research team included delays in completing an irrigation system, inadequate computers, transport, and research funding as well as a lack of support for value addition activities and insufficient extension officers for groundnuts.

1. TL-I Groundnut Breeding Status
Report, Tanzania – May 2012
O.Mponda, E. Monyo, E. Kafiriti, J. Mfaume, H. Daudi, P. Mashamba
Presented at Annual Meeting - Tropical Legumes I-
Phase 2 Generation Challenge Programme 7-11
May 2012, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2. Research Team at Naliendele, Tanzania
• Dr. O. Mponda –Principal Collaborator, Lead Scientist and Zonal Res Coord
• Dr. Elly Kafiriti – Agronomist and Zonal Director
• Philipo Mashamba – MSc student under TL1
• Juma Mfaume – Breeder ( MSc TL-II support)
• Happy Daudi – MSc student under COSTECH – Government support
• Athanas Minja – MSc student under McKnight CCRP Support
• Joseph Nzunda – Agronomist (BSc)
• Joane Kasuga – PAFO - Pathology
• Charles Mkandawile – PAFO - Breeding
• David Ndolelwa – AFO – Breeding
• Support staff
• Masud Rashid - Driver
• Collaborators – Sister NARS Ukiriguru, Tumbi, Selian, Makutopora
• District Councils – Extension officers and farmers

3. Oilseeds and Grain Legumes Research
Programme/Projects activities – NARI Tanzania
• Phase II-Tropical Legumes I – Groundnut Molecular Breeding
• Phase II-Tropical legumes II – Groundnut Breeding and seed
systems project.
• Phase II Mcknight CCRP Groundnut Breeding and aflatoxin
project TZ and MW
– Innovative Communication Media and Methods – ICMM Project TZ
and MW
• Mcknight CCRP Bambara Research Project TZ,MW and MZ
• African Dry land Alliance for Plant Pesticides Technologies
(ADAPPT)- 8 countries in Africa
• EU 9th EDF- funded ICART –SADC Sesame Project

4. Groundnut Research History in
Tanzania
• Groundnut research in Tanzania was started in early
1950s, at Nachingwea and Kongwa to support the then
Overseas Food Corporation (OFC) groundnut scheme
after WWII
• Groundnut scheme failed in late 1950s and at
Nachingwea added crop research on soybean, sesame
• After independence in 1961 to 1970s research on
groundnuts lacked cohesion
• In 1978 Oilseeds research Project was started and
included groundnuts, sesame and sunflower.
• 11 varieties of groundnuts have been released to date

5. Groundnut producing regions in
Tanzania

6. Groundnuts Production-Tanzania
Cropped Production Av.
Area (2008- (2008-10 Yield (2008- Potential Realizable Yield Gap
10 avg) avg) 10 avg) (A) yield (B) Yield (C) (C-A)
million
million ha tonnes Kg/Ha Kg/Ha Kg/Ha Kg/Ha
0.54 0.39 721.38 3,000 1500 778.62

7. Groundnuts Crop yields kg/ha (FAOSTAT 2009)
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008

8. Key constraints
Constraint Groundnuts
Abiotic Drought, poor soil fertility, poor agronomic
practices
Biotic Rosette , rust , Early Leaf Spots, Late Leaf Spots,
Groundnut hopper – Hilda patruelis
Socio-Econ Seed availability, Aflatoxin contamination,
Inadequate value addition and agro-processing
activities ,
Inadequate extension officers for
groundnuts/legumes

9. TLI Groundnut Breeding visitors
Tanzania 2011-12
• International
• Dr Xavier Delannay visited Naliendele in Dec 2011 to follow up irrigation
system and held discussion with Agro-Rain Contractors.
• Dr. E. Monyo visited Naliendele in December 2011and February 2012
• Dr. Hannibal Muhtar AGRICON International Inc. visited Naliendele on 25-
28 March 2012 to follow-up irrigation system
• National Government Officials
• Permanent Secretary Ministry of Agriculture
• Director of research and Development MAFSC
• COSTECH Supporting funds for seed production 10 block – BOQ in and
tendering progress
• M and E Team from the Ministry
• Media TBC

10. TLI trials 2011-12
Trial Sites
Rust phenotyping Naliendele
trial
phenotyping for Naliendele
rosette
PVS trials TLI limked to Southern – Masasi and
TL-II (ELS, Rust, Rosette Nanyumbu

12. Data sets
• Phenotyping for rust – at the station
• Phenotyping for rosettes – at the station
• On-station PVS – 3 sets at 2 sites:
Status
• The trials planted in February they are maturity but not harvested.
• Disease score data completed 3 times
• Next Analysis of disease score data
• 2 years data will now be available from which we can conclude.
• On-farm PVS – status
• Disease score data collected
• Some entries showing evidence of resistance
• Resistance Vs pod/kernel size – market traits

13. New sources of resistance from
Reference under PVS
• Rust: ICGV 02194, ICG 11426, ICGV
01276, ICGV 02286, and ICG 02446
• Rosette: ICG 14705, ICG 13099, ICG 9449, and
ICG 15405
• ELS in ESA; ICG 6022, ICG 405, ICG 14466, ICG
6057, ICG 9449 and ICG 12509

14. Galaxy tablet - Comments
• Positive-You spend less time to organize data
before analysis
• Negative - It has no simple way of making
back- up in the field e.g. use of flash drive.
• Add comments: There are a lot of third part
applications such us internet, but there not
configured, thus able to access internet.
• Recommended for use

15. IB Field Books
• Still at learning stage
• Need more trainings

16. TL-I Infrastructure development/upgrading skills
Irrigation system:
Electric Power line to the breeding
plot and then to the borehole.
The Tanzania Government will
support expansion of irrigation area -
10 for Breeder seed multiplication –
BOQ and tendering in progress
MSc.training - Mashamba Philipo - MSc
SUA since Sept 2011
2 Techn will receive training in Data quality
by June 2012
Juma Mfaume trained in statistics
by April 2012
Equipments: Portable weather station,
Leaf area meter, Spad Meter, screen house
Work area renovation, fridges, digital camera,
Laptop computer

18. Achievements
 40 crosses introgressing • Release new 5 vars in 2009
new sources of, rust and and identified new sources of
GRD, drought resistance
2010/11 resistance to foliar diseases,
 28 crosses made
introgressing drought and • Researchers and technicians
aflatoxin resistance 2011-12 trained -Viable succession plan
 F1 from these crosses are built within the programme
being advanced F2 …
 300 genotypes Reference • Program activities executed
set evaluated for rust and (2 efficiently and timely – no
years data)
delays in fund disbursements
 F4 SPS 2010 Reference
collection evaluated
rosette • Irrigation system coming to
 132 varieties evaluated for completion
yield and adaptability and
farmer market traits (18 sets
of trials)

19. Challenges
• Irrigation system delays- General
now being finalized • Inadequate support for
• Inadequate computers- value addition and agro-
Old computers, processing activities in
• Inadequate transport – the groundnut growing
Only McKnight CCRP regions – Demand Pull
vehicle in use. • Inadequate extension
• Inadequate research officers for
funds groundnuts/legumes

20. Acknowledgements
• We greatly acknowledge TL-I GCP and ICRISAT
for their support

21. Thank you