This document provides information about the National Oilseeds Research Programme at the Naliendele Agricultural Research Institute in Tanzania. The institute's mandate crops include sesame, groundnuts, sunflower, pigeonpea, bambara nuts, cowpea and green gram. The objectives are to develop high-yielding varieties resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses, improved agronomic practices, identify pests and diseases, and enhance household food security and income through oilseed crops. Groundnut improvement projects from 2006-2018 are summarized. Groundnut production constraints like diseases, drought, and socioeconomic factors are also outlined.

1. NALIENDELE
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE -NATIONAL CENTRE FOR
CASHEW,OILSEEDS, ROOT AND TUBER RESEARCH –LOCATED IN
SOUTHERN ZONE TANZANIA

2. National Oilseeds Research Programme
Mandate crops
• Sesame
• Groundnut
• Sunflower
• Pigeonpea
• Bambara nuts
• Cowpea
• Green gram (mung bean)
Objectives
1. Develop high yielding oilseeds
varieties with resistance to
majors biotic and abiotic stress
and preferred by farmers and
markets.
2. Develop improved agronomic
practices (spacing, fertilizer
application, time of sowing etc)
for growing target crops.
3. Identify major insect-pests and
diseases affecting target crops
and develop effective control/
management measures.
4. Investigate the role of oilseeds
crops in traditional farming
systems to enhance their
contribution to household food
security and income.

3. Groundnut Improvement Projects
• McKnight Groundnut Breeding and aflatoxin
project 2006-2010, 2010-2014, 2014-2018
• Tropical legumes I Groundnuts Breeding 2007-
2010, 2011-2014
• Tropical Legumes II 2007-2010, 2011-2015 (Feb)
• Tropical Legumes III Apr 2015 - 2019
• N2Africa IITA
• Africa Rising – Feed the Future USAID
• EC-IFAD Pigeon pea and groundnuts

4. Groundnut Production Constraints
Biotic and abiotic
ELS, LLS, Rosette, Rust
& Aflatoxin
Climate change, drought &
Soil fertility
Socio-economic
• Limited access to improved
seed
• Limited access to extension
information and a general
lack of market information.
• Poor quality management,
• Poor product grading and
standardization &
inadequate market

5. Drought

6. Variety Development
➢ Variety evaluation
for rust and GRD
➢ Annually receive
improved
germplasm from
ICRISAT
➢ Started developing
own crosses
– 44 crosses made to introgress
resistance to rust, ELS and GRD
– F5 crosses advanced to F6

7. On-station evaluation sites
• Lake zone – Ukiriguru Research Institute
• Central Zone – Makutupora Research Institute
• Western Zone – Tumbi Research Institute
• Southern Zone – Naliendele ARI, Nachingwea,
Tunduru
• Southern Highlands – Suluti experimental
station

8. Participatory variety selection with farmers- FRGs-
Bahi,Bukombe,Masasi, Nanyumbu, Tunduru,
Nachingwea, Kaliua, Uyui, Singida,
Chamwino,Mbozi,Namtumbo

9. Rural Seed-Fairs, Field days, Agricultural shows,
and media involvement significantly improve
awareness and accessibility to improved
varieties via formal and informal seed systems

10. Released Groundnut Varieties in Tanzania
Name of Variety CODE Group Year of
Release
Remarks
Dodoma bold, Natal common, Spanish 1960s Early maturity
Red Mwitunde Virginia 1960s Medium maturity
Nyota Spancross Spanish 1983 Early, High oil
Johari Robut-33 Virginia 1985 Medium maturity
Sawia ICGMS-46 Virginia 1998 Medium maturity
Pendo -98 ICGMS -33 Spanish 1998 Early,, Bold
Mnanje 2009 ICGV-SM-86737 Virginia 2009 51% oil,bold
Masasi 2009 ICGV-SM-01721 Virginia 2009 50% Oil,bold
Mangaka 2009 ICGV-SM-99557 Spanish 2009 48% oil Rosette ,
res drought res
Nachingwea 2009 ICGV-SM- 01711 Virginia 2009 Rosette res
Naliendele 2009 ICGV-SM-99555 Spanish 2009 Drought
NARINUTS 2015 ICGV SM 01731 Virginia 2016 Rosette, Bold
KUCHELE 2015 ICGV SM 8326 Vurginia 2016 Rosette,bold
NACHI 2015 ICGV SM 90704 Virginia 2016 Rosette, bold

11. Improved varieties
Naliendele 2009
Mangaka 2009
Masasi 2009

12. New improved varieties released 2016
NACHI 2015 KUCHELE 2015 NARINUT 2015

13. Tropical Legumes III-
Groundnut PIP-Tanzania
Improving Genetic Gains
By O. K. Mponda, A. Minja, P. Okori &E. Monyo

14. Development of Formal
products/varieties
• 2.1.2 and 2.1.3. Phenotyping platform for
drought and Diseases and Identification of
QTL
•NARI: Fifty genotypes planted in support of
development of SNP arrays for marker array trait
association for Drought and 145 genotypes will be
planted for rosette and other foliar disease screening
based on groundnut SNP.
•

15. 2.1.4. Collection and evaluation of
Phenotyping data;
NARI: Procured 4 hand held devices and installed
Breeding Management System (BMS). BMS
operationalized
NARI: hand held devices used for e-data capturing and
use BMS for pedigree and data management.

16. (d) Collection and evaluation of
Phenotyping data Cont..;
•Providing to the project management team data on
Phenotyping and trials data for assisting NARS to use
modern tools and platforms for breeding

17. Activity 2.2: Breeding Pipeline
(a) Develop five (5) short duration (SD) breeding lines with
moderate levels of resistance to rust, LLS and ELS once in project
life;
•Selected short duration lines which are resistance to foliar
diseases for crossing with adapted popular varieties by
July – October
•Selection from Good x Good crosses - SSD

18. (b) Develop ten (10) drought-tolerant
breeding lines once in project life;
•Selected drought tolerant lines will be crossed to adapted
popular varieties for introgression of drought tolerance by
July – October
•27 drought resistant lines received from ICRISAT
•Drought phenotyping - planted

19. (d) Develop ten (10) medium duration breeding
lines (high levels of Rust, LLS resistance, ELS,
GRD/PBND and other stresses) once in project
life;
•Selected medium duration lines with added foliar disease
resistance trait will be crossed to adapted popular varieties
for introgression of foliar disease resistance traits by July -
October 2016

20. • Conduct crossing program > 20 crosses
Identified sources of resistance GRD, rust, ELS,
• High yielding and rust disease
resistant
ICGV-SM 06711,
ICGV-SM 05569
ICGV-SM 08584,
ICGV-SM 05570,
ICGV-SM 02724,
ICGV-SM 06711,
ICGV-SM 08578
• High yielding and rosette
resistant
• ICGV-SM 01731,
• ICGV-SM 02724,
• ICGV-SM 05593 ,
• ICGV-SM 08503
ICGV SM 05593
ICGV 01276,
ICGV 02194
ICGV 02446

21. Activity 2.3: Testing for Release
(a) International/regional trials;
10 lines (ICGV-SM 95741, ICG V SM 07558, Mangaka 2009, ICGV SM
06737, ICGV SM 07505, Nach 2013, Mnanje 2009, ICGV-SM 08581,
ICVG-SM 99551, ICGV-SM 05569) with agronomic advantages such
as disease and pest tolerance, high yield, drought tolerance
selected from Regional trials are planted in 3 sites (Naliendele,
Nachingwea and Tunduru) for close observations for superiority and
stability in yield evaluation across groundnut growing areas.
Superior and stable groundnut genotypes will be proposed NPT and
release.

22. (b) Multi-location evaluation of 10 breeding
lines;
•10 lines (ICGV SM 01514, ICGV SM 05611, ICGV SM 06518,
ICGV SM 06711, ICGV SM 06737, ICGV SM 07509, ICGV SM
07599, ICGV SM 08503, Mnanje 2009 and Pendo) are planted for
AGVT in 5 sites characterized by low altitude, mid altitude and
moisture stress (Naliendele, Nachingwea, Tunduru, Makutupora and
Tumbi, Suluti, Ukiriguru), the genotypes are being evaluated for
their adaptation in those major groundnut areas so that they can be
included in NPT and later proposed for release lake zone , northern
zone, SHZ
•Submit for NPT and DUS test – ICGV SM 08503, ICGV SM 01514
and ICGV SM 07509

23. (c) FPVS trials;
•Six groundnut genotypes (ICGV SM 08501, ICGV SM 08503,
ICGV SM 08584, ICGV SM 01514, ICGV SM 07509 and Local)
will be tested in 20 FPVS across Tanzania in groundnut growing
areas. (Southern Zone: 15, Central Zone: 6, Western Zone: 8 and
Lake Zone: 6). Seven (7) groundnut genotypes (ICGV SM 01514,
ICGV SM 07509, ICGV SM 08503, ICGV SM 07599, Mangaka
2009, Nach 2013 and Local) will be tested in 15 FPVS in Southern
zone.

24. (c) FPVS trials;
❖Incorporate FPVS in the northern and Southern
Highlands groundnut growing areas
❖Upscale FPVS in Southern, Central and western
selected groundnut districts of Kailua, Urambo, Bahi,
Chamwino, Tunduru, Nanyumbu, and Masasi
❖Liase with project gender scientist to facilitate
application of gender audit tool with legumes farmers

25. (f) Nutrition profiling of all candidate release
varieties;
•Five released varieties Pendo, Naliendele 2009, Mangaka
2009, Mnanje 2009 and Nachingwea will be analyzed for
nutrition profiling

26. Activity 2.4: Best Bet Varieties
(a) Eighty (80) demonstrations plots;
❖100 demonstration will be planted in 11 Districts (Southern Zone:
30, Central Zone: 30, Western Zone: 30 and Lake Zone: 11) plus
SHZ and northern zone identified groundnut growing districts.
Demo size is 5mx10m due to availability of seeds
❖Inventories groundnut growing areas in the SHZ and NZ in order
to complement with other BMGF investments in the SHZ and
Northern Zone and distribute demo’s plots in identified areas.

27. ❖5 tonnes ordered from ICRISAT NACHI 2015 and MNANJE
❖
(b) Release of 8-10 tons of breeder seed of at least
one best bet variety;

28. (c) fingerprint database developed for the improved
cultivars promoted under TL-II project;
•NARI/ICRISAT: NARI scientist will be trained on conducting
DNA finger printing by ICRISAT and DNA fingerprint database will
be developed for 5-8 improved Groundnut varieties released under
TL-II and scaled out under TL-III. Cold room to maintain viability of
varieties in the germplasm

29. Activity 2.5. Enhancing Genetic Gain of
ICRISAT hubs and partners
(a) Develop and implement a Program for Improvement
Plan;
•NARI/ICRISAT: Maintain groundnut lines to be used in
breeding with well defined traits of advantage in groundnut
improvement. Use the lines in short and long term goals for
introgression of genes of traits of interest to popular
varieties.

30. Capacity development
• Long Term PhD Training Happy Daudi
• Training on data management using BMS-
Deployment
• Operationalization and maintenance of Irrigation
system
• Cold Seed storage and drying shade
• TLIII Gender training to researchers/technicians
• Extension/farmer training on trial/demo
management

31. Transpiration Efficiency (TE) determination
using dry down procedure

32. Organization

33. IRRIGATION FACILITIES
• Irrigated crops: Groundnuts, Cassava

34. Dissemination
• Collaborate with ASA for production of Basic
seeds,
• Use as many farmer research groups to multiply
released varieties Farmer Based Basic Seed
Production ( South, Lake, Western, Central,
Southern Highlands)
• Irrigation for Nuclear and Breeder seed
production
• Strengthen Radio and TV Programs to create
effective demand of recommended technologies

35. Acknowledgements
• GOT-DRD Ministry of Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries:
ORP, NARLP, TARP II, FSR, ASDP-ZARDEF Projects 1980- to
date
• Groundnut breeding project McKnight CCRP Project in
Malawi and Tanzania in collaboration with ICRISAT Phase I
2006-2009, Phase II 2010-2014, Phase III 2015-2018
• Tropical Legumes I Phase I 2007-2010, Phase II 2011-2014
• Tropical Legumes II Groundnut Breeding and Seed systems
Phase I 2007-2010, Phase II 2011-2014
• Tropical Legumes III Groundnut Breeding and seed
systems2015-2019
• All stakeholders-Farmers, District Councils, ICRISAT, GCP,
Media, ASA, NGOs,

36. Thank you