This document summarizes the design of the Degree College and Hill Council Complex building in Leh, India. The building was designed to address the extreme cold and sunny climate of Leh, which experiences temperatures ranging from -14ยฐC to 24ยฐC. Key design elements included orienting the buildings along a north-south axis for solar gain, minimizing fenestrations on the north side, maximizing insulation, utilizing trombe walls and double glazing, and incorporating passive ventilation strategies like cross ventilation. The complex orientation and building designs aim to resist heat loss while promoting useful heat gain through passive means.
Environmental Science - Nuclear Hazards and Us.pptx
ย
Degree College and Hill Complex, Leh, Himachal Pradesh
1. Degree College and Hill Council Complex,
Leh, Himachal Pradesh
Electives Case Study
Gaurav N. Kotak
A1319
Sem 5
2. INTRODUCTION
โข Leh in Ladakh is a "mountain desert." There is very little
precipitation and the temperatures vary greatly between
the day and night and also from summer to winter.
โข The traditional Ladhaki settlement is usually built on
steep slopes facing southward. This allows good
insulation during the day.
โข Heavy walls (mud) and a well insulated roof (timber &
mud) dampen the variations of indoor temperatures.
โข The use of glass and nowadays, trombe- wall is very
successful as heat can be stored in the building mass
during the day, to stay warm indoors at night.
LTIADS 2gaurav KOTAK
3. COLD AND SUNNY CLIMATE IN INDIA
LTIADS 3
CLIMATE
The solar radiation is generally intense with a very
low percentage of diffuse radiation.
In summer, the temperature reaches 17 โ 24 ยบC
during the day and 4 โ 11 ยบC at night.
In winter, the values range from -7 to 8 ยบC during the
day and -14 to 0 ยบC at night. Winters thus, are
extremely cold.
The relative humidity is consistently low ranging from
about 10 โ 50 % and precipitation is generally less
than 200 mm per year.
Winds are occasionally intense. The sky is fairly clear
throughout the year with a cloud cover of less than
50%.
4. DESIGN CRITERIA AND FEATURES
OBJECTIVES
Resist heat loss
โขDecrease exposed surface area
โขIncrease thermal resistance
โขIncrease thermal capacity
โขIncrease buffer space
โขDecrease air exchange rate
โขIncrease surface absorptivity
Promote heat gain
โขReduce shading
โขUtilize heat from appliances
โขTrapping heat
PHYSICAL MANIFESTATIONS
โข Orientation and shape of the building.
use of tress as wind barriers.
โข Roof insulation, wall insulation and double glazing.
โข Thicker walls
โข Air locks/lobbies
โข Weather stripping
โข Darker colours
โข Wall and glass surfaces
โข Sun spaces/green spaces/ trombe walls etc.
LTIADS 4gaurav KOTAK
8. PROJECT DETAILS
โข Building Type : Institutional
โข Climatic Zone : Cold And Sunny
โข Location : Leh, Ladakh
โข Architects : Arvind Kishan & Kunal Jain
LTIADS 8gaurav KOTAK
9. SITE
๏ Located at 3514 m above mean sea level
๏ Elongated Rectangle with the land sloping towards South
๏ Characteristic of the cold dry desert condition โ large barren lands with no vegetation
LTIADS 9gaurav KOTAK
12. ORIENTATION
โข The Rectangular site is along the north โ south direction
โข The structures are oriented in the west โ east and north โ south
direction as design requirements
โข Each structure has been treated specifically depending on its
orientation.
โข All the buildings in the north side of the complex have thick walls to
minimise heat loss, while the buildings in the south side have been
designed to maximise heating and daylight distribution.
LTIADS 12
FENESTRATION
โข Good insulation and minimum fenestrations to the northern exposure
minimizes heat loss
โข Double โ Glazing helps control heat loss from glazing
without creating condensation
โข Maximum natural has been tapped where possible
Minimum fenestrations on the northern faรงade of the
lecture halls
Natural Lighting
gaurav KOTAK
13. VENTILATION
๏ง Connective loop is coupled with cross ventilation through eastern โ western fenestration
๏ง Ventilation is achieved through the connective loop activated by buoyancy
๏ง Consumes zero energy during normal hours of operation
๏ง Situated in the Upper โ Himalayan Region
๏ง Snow โ capped Mountains on all four sides
LTIADS 13
SITE ENVELOPE
WATER BODY & BUILDING OVERHANGS
โข Nil
gaurav KOTAK