vernacular study of leh ladakh..

1. VERNACULAR STUDY OF
LEH LADAKH
“land of passes”

2. LOCATION
o region in Indian state of Jammu and
Kashmir
o extends from the Kunlun mountain
range to the main Great Himalayas to
the south, inhabited by people of
Indo-Aryan and Tibetan descent.
o A no. of valleys, passes, mountains
ranges, valleys complete the beauty
of Ladakh
o Highest altitude plateau region
in India (much of it being over 3,000
m)
CLIMATE
o The weather of Ladakh remains
chilly and cold for most time of the
year.
o Ladakh's climate is a little extreme –
the summers can get a little harsh
with direct sunlight falling at such a
high altitude
o winters can be really cold,
with temperatures dropping below
freezing point.
TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS
SUMMER
During day: 17-24 C
During night: 4-11 C
Winter
during day: 7-9 C
During night: -14 - 0 C
VEGETATION
a. ANAPHALIS TRIPLINERVIS
o Herbaceous perennial plant
o Attractive, but not brilliant
display of bloom in late summer
fall
o Hanging them in cool airy
shaded place
o Flower buds are eaten raw as
salad
b. BERBERIS LYCEUM ROYLE
o Used in food and in folk medicine
c. LACTUCA SATIVA
o Annual plant
o Used for salad
d. RUNEX PATIENTIA
o Used in leather tanning
o Used to make mustard color dye
Location of ladakh in Jammu
and Kashmir
Avg. temrature, Leh
Vegetation, ladakh

3. CULTURE
o famous for its rich cultural heritage
and Honesty.
o known as land of monks and
monasteries
o People of all the communities live
here in peace, free from any
prejudice
o Jabro, Shondol, Marriage Dance and
Kampa Sumsak are some of the well
known traditional dance.
o Zunglu, Tallu, Marriage songs and
Alley Yato are well known folk songs
of Ladakh.
o The Buddhist influence on Ladakh
culture started as early as the 7th
century
TRADITIONS
o Monastic and other religious
festivals, which fall in winter, provide
the excuse for convivial gatherings.
o Summer pastimes all over the
region are archery and polo.
o Among the Buddhists, these often
develop into open-air parties
accompanied by dance and song, at
which 'Chang', the local brew made
from fermented barley, flows freely.
o Staple food are sku and thukpa
Hemis festival, Ladakh
Cultural events at ladakh-
o Traditional dance forms
o Traditional folk music

4. OCCUPATION
o The economy of Ladakh is mainly
agricultural. Most of the people earn
their livelihood by growing
barley, wheat and peas.
o Keeping livestock, especially yak, cows,
dzos, sheep and goats.
o the people of Ladakh are also engaged in
business, trading in textiles, carpets,
dyestuffs and narcotics between Punjab
and Xinjiang, tourism industry and
government jobs.
DEMOGRAPHICS
o Leh, Ladakh population- 150,371
o State- 13,338,542
o The major races found here are
the Tibetans, Mons and the
Dards.
o the predominant religions in the
region are Buddhism,
Christianity and Islam.
o The Buddhists and Muslims
comprise the majority,
concentrated in the north and
east and to the south
respectively
o the Christians form a smaller
minority.
agriculture
Goat/sheep herder
LIFE STYLE
o The Ladakh people are
simple and cheerful and they
prefer to remain close to the
nature.
o The main culture of Ladakh is
Buddhism with other bit part
of religion of Hindu, Muslims
and Christians.
o Their clothes and appearance
are more alike to the Asian
and Tibetan people.
o women works not only at
home but also works outside
the home and they are free
to interact with the men
outside their home.
Traditional dresses "Goucha“
and "Kuntop"

5. URBAN PLANNING
Old Leh
o The old town is located on the s
outhern slope of the mountain
terrain allowing the settlement
to face the Sun.
o The newer parts are extending in
the plans in the south west
direction
o The highest point of the leh
town is occupied by the Tsemo
Gompa followed down the slope
by leh palace and then the
houses of nobals
o The lower part of the settlement
is occupied by commoners and
then trhe main bazar
ARCHITECTURE SPATIAL LAYOUT
o Mostly the building are 2 storied
o Large houses have courtyards while
small houses do not have
o the ground floor is usually a dwarf
storey for keeping livestock, storage
purposes and also to collect waste
o Upper storey is used for living
purposes usually consists of prayer
room, store, toilet and a large room
combining function of drawing,
kitchen, bedroom
o The timber post is characteristic of
architecture of ladakh
o The main living room has a large
window facing sun
Ground floor plan
First floor plan
South slope Leh, ladakh House in leh

6. DESIGN CRITERIA AND FEATURES
OBJECTIVE
Resist heat loss
o Decrease exposed surface area
o Increase thermal resistance
o Increase thermal capacity(time lag)
o Increase buffer spaces
o Decrees air exchange rate
o Increase surface absorptivity
Promote heat gain
o Reduce shading
o Utilize heat from appliances
o Trapping heat
PHYSICAL MANIFESTATION
o Orientation and shape of
building.
o Use of trees as wind barriers
o Roof insulation, wall insulation
and double glazing
o Thicker walls
o Air locks/lobbies
o Weather stripping
o Darker colors
o Walls and glass surfaces
o Sun spaces/green
houses/trombe walls etc.
House in ladakh
Double glazed glass
Trombe wall Thermal insulation in trombe wall

7. MATERIAL AND TECHNIQES
o Primary building material is earth and timber
available locally which offer climatic comfort in
wide diurnal range of Ladakh
o Quartzite stone is used only in the partial
construction of forts and palaces especially the
lower storeys to impart additional strength and
provide protection from water.
o Sundried earth blocks(alluvial soil) are the primary
unit of masonry construction.
o Roofs are constructed in flat spans by using trunk
of the local poplar tree as beams placed about
50-60cm apart. The diameter of the trunks is
15cm
o A 15 to 20cm layer of drygrass, hay etc. is spread
over the layer of willows and finally finished with
plaster of clayeymud
o Floors of lower storey on the ground are made of
mud while the upper storey in timber
o The lintels of the doors and windows are
corbelled features with ornamentation.
o The sills and jambs are articulated by
the plaster band often coloured in Red or Black. T
hese timber lintels and plaster bands are the
distinguishable features of the Ladakhi
Architecture
Construction of roof
mud bricks
Timber lintel
Mud plaster to improve
insulation

8. THANK YOU