Pharmacy Assignment for 1st Year or semester .

1. P a g e | 1
Index
S. No. Topics Page No.
1 Introduction 2
2 Various Dosage forms of Unani Medicines: Their Therapeutic
Indications
2 - 10
3 Unani Proprietary Medicines 10 – 12
4 Obstacles in Unani Medicine 12-13
5 Labelling Requirements for Unani Medicines 13
7 Conclusion 13
8 References 13

2. P a g e | 2
Introduction : Unani-tibb or Unani Medicine is a form of traditional medicine practiced in
Middle- East and South-Asian countries. It refers to a tradition of Graeco-Arabic medicine,
which is based on the teachings of Greek physician Hippocrates and Roman
physician Galen and developed into an elaborate medical system in middle age era by
Arabian and Persian physicians, such as Rhazes (al-Razi), Avicenna (Ibn-e- Sina), Al-
Zahrawi, and Ibn Nafis.
Various Dosage forms of Unani Medicines : Their indications
 Habb (Unani Pill)
Habb-E Suranjan (Habbe Suranjan) is most common Unani Medicine used for joint pains. It
is beneficial in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and gout. It has analgesic
and anti-inflammatory actions, which helps to alleviate the pain and inflammation associated
with several types of arthritis.
THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS
Habb-E Suranjan is indicated in following diseases:
 Gout (main indication)
 Hyperuricemia (main indication)
 Any type of joint pains
 Osteoarthritis
 Rheumatoid Arthritis
 Generalized body aches and pains
 Sciatica
 Backache

3. P a g e | 3
 Cough
 Itrifal
Itrifal Ustukhuddus is a Unani medicine that has potential health benefits in headache and
useful in migraine. This formulation contains Triphala and Ustukhuddus as main ingredients.
Ustukhuddus has beneficial effects on brain and nerves and Triphala acts as detoxifier and
helps in digestive ailments.
INDICATIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS
 Headache
 Migraine
 Chronic Catarrh
 Premature whitening or greying of hair
 Constipation
 Hair fall
 Itrifal Ustukhuddus is mainly brain tonic, provides strength to brain, and prevents nervine
disorders. Due to Triphala, it is beneficial for constipation as well.

 Jawarish
Jawarish is a form of Unani medication. It is a semisolid preparation. It is a type of Majun.
However, the taste of Jawarish is better than that of Majun. Hence, most patients prefer to
use Jawarish than Majun. The Jawarish forms of medications are particularly prescribed for
the children who do not like to consume the Majun medications due to their unpleasant
taste.
A) Jawarish Kamuni B) Jawarish Jalinoos

4. P a g e | 4
A) Jawarish Kamuni is a herbomineral Unani formulation, which is used for the treatment
of gastrointestinal problems. It mainly acts on the stomach, intestine and liver. It is useful
in cases of poor digestion, heartburn, stomach pain, gas, flatulence, bloating, and frequent
hiccup.
MEDICINAL PROPERTIES
 Carminative.
 Digestive.
 Analgesic.
 Antiflatulent.
 Anti-hepatomegaly.
 Antispasmodic.
 Appetizer.
 Antiemetic.
JAWARISH KAMUNI INDICATIONS
1. Abdominal pain and cramps.
2. Gas and Flatulence.
3. Loss of appetite.
4. Bad breath.
5. Bloating.
6. Heartburn (Vata and Kapha cases).
7. Nausea and vomiting.
JAWARISH JALINOOS INDICATIONS

5. P a g e | 5
1. General weakness.
2. A weakness of stomach, liver and vital organs.
3. Abdominal pain and cramps.
4. Flatulence.
5. Loss of appetite.
6. Eczema.
7. Polyuria, frequent or excessive micturition.
8. Kidney stones.
9. Premature whitening or greying of hair.
 Khamira
Khamira Marwareed (also spelled as Khamira Marwarid) is a Unani Medicine and tonic
beneficial in neurological and cardiac diseases. It strengthens the heart muscles, gives relief
from cardiac palpitation, and tachycardia. In neurological diseases, it is used for the treatment
of anxiety, infantile epilepsy, stress disorders, mental fatigue and headache characterized by
nervine weakness and burning sensation. It is commonly used in all types of cases for
reducing general debility, restlessness, vertigo, and irritability.
KHAMIRA MARWAREED INDICATIONS
Khamira Marwareed is indicated in the following diseases and symptoms:
 Cardiac weakness
 For preventing heart attack
 Heart Palpitation
 Tachycardia
 Restlessness
 Vertigo (a reeling sensation)
 General debility or weakness
 Infantile epilepsy
 Chicken Pox (for reducing symptoms and harmful effects on heart)

6. P a g e | 6
 Measles (for reducing symptoms and harmful effects on heart)
 Mental stress
 Mental fatigue
 Kushta
Kushta is a peculiar form of medication that belongs to the Unani System of Medicine. It is
prepared by burning some drugs on direct heat. Sometimes, the ingredients are burnt using
an indirect heat. This unique method of preparation increases the effectiveness of the final
product. The term, Kushta, means ‘killed’.
Also, these medicines can be readily absorbed by the body compared to the other forms of
medications. The beneficial effect of these medicines can be noticed much earlier than the
other products. Several Unani medications can be prepared using this method some of which
are Kushta Abrak Safed, Kushta Abrak Siyah, and Kushta Faulad.
 Laboob (Labub)
Laboob Kabir (also spelled as Labub Kabir or laboob e kabeer) is an aphrodisiac Unani
Medicine. It improves physical strength and commonly used for increasing men’s stamina
and performance. It is used in the treatment of spermatorrhea, impotence, premature
ejaculation, oligospermia, and loss of libido.
THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS
Laboob Kabir is helpful in following health conditions.
 Impotence

7. P a g e | 7
 Premature ejaculation
 Loss of libido
 Oligospermia
 Spermatorrhea
 Impaired spermatogenesis
 Defective quality of spermatozoa
 Asthenospermia – reduced spermatic motility
 Teratospermia – defective or abnormal spermatic morphology
 Majun (Electuaries)
Majun Salab is a Unani Medicine used for the treatment of spermatorrhea and erectile
dysfunction or poor erectile power in the men. Orchis latifolia roots are its main ingredient,
which is known for its aphrodisiac, nervine and strengthening properties. Herbs present in
Majun Salab also have spermatogenic action, so it also helps to treat oligospermia. The
strengthening action reduces physical weakness and increases stamina in the men.
MAJUN AZARAQI INDICATIONS
Majun Salab is beneficial in the following health conditions:
1. Spermatorrhea
2. Erectile Dysfunction or poor erectile power
3. Debility in men
4. Looseness or laxity of the penile tissue (male organ)
5. Oligospermia
6. Impaired spermatogenesis
7. Defective quality of spermatozoa
8. Loss of libido

8. P a g e | 8
 Marham (Unani Ointment)
Marham is a form of medication used for the local application in the Unani system. It is an
ointment having a semi-solid consistency. These medications are used for external use. They
are prepared by using wax or fat to achieve the consistency as well as to allow for an easy
application of the medication on the skin. However, in most cases, the wax is used in place of
fat as the shelf life of the final product is reduced when fat is added to the formula.
Marham is an ancient invention, which is believed to be formulated much before the
Hippocratic period. It was used to treat the skin diseases and ulcerative conditions.
Some of the most commonly used forms of this medication are Marham Hina, Marham
Dakhleun, Marham Zangar, and Marham Ral.
 Qurs
Qurs are tablet form of Unani Medicine made of natural ingredients including herbs and
Qiwam (sugar syrup).
Qurs is a solid form of Unani medication. It is available in the form of tablets. The tablets are
usually flat but may also be biconvex. The shape of the tablets is often triangular, round, or
quadrangular.
The Qurs and pills offer several advantages over the other forms of medications as given
below:
 Since Qurs and pills have a fixed shape and size, it becomes easier to maintain the exact
dose of the medication.
 The Qurs and pills can be easily coated with sugar or some other agents, which can help
to alter the taste of the product. Hence, they can be easily consumed by the patients
without having to bear any unpleasant taste.
 Qurs and pills are easy to swallow. Hence, they are convenient to use for the patients.

9. P a g e | 9
 Safoof
Safoof (also spelled as SUFOOF or SAFUF and called Unani Powder) is a form of medication
used in the Unani system. It means a medicine in a powder form. In fact, the word Safoof at is
the plural of SUFOOF. Safoof can be used in several ways. According to the mode of use, the
medication is given a name. For example: –
SANOON (TOOTH POWDER) - SANOON is a form of Safoof which is applied to the gums
and teeth. It is beneficial in cases of pyorrhea and reduces pus, bleeding, and discomfort in
the gums.
ATOOS- ATOOS is also a micro-fine powdered form of Safoof, which causes sneezing on
smelling.
GHALIA OR ARGAJAH (BODY POWDER)--GHALIA is a micro-fine powder used on the
body other than the face.
GHAZA (FACIAL POWDER) GHAZA is perfumed powder applied on the face for cleansing
purposes.
KOHL-KOHL is a powder that is applied to the eyelids. This powder is used as a soothing
agent for the eyes
 Sharbat (Unani)
Sharbat bazoori is a Unani Medicine used as liver tonic, diuretic and beneficial in urinary
diseases, restlessness, hyperacidity, kidney disorders and fevers. It reduces burning
sensation in the urine and cures urinary tract infections.

10. P a g e | 10
THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS
Sharbat Bazoori is indicated in the following diseases and symptoms:
 Jaundice , Elevated liver serum enzymes, Hyperacidity, Kidney diseases
 Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome, Proteinuria, Hypoalbuminemia, Edema due to kidney and
liver diseases, Urinary bladder infection residues, Burning sensation in urine
 Syphilis, Urinary tract infections or pus in urine, Elevated liver serum enzymes
 Loss of appetite due to liver dysfunction, Fever of unknown origin
 Restlessness due to high fever, Cystitis
Unani Proprietary Medicine
Balooti Ingredients, Benefits, Uses, Dosage & Side Effects
Balooti is a Proprietary Unani Medicine used for kidney and bladder disorders. It is a product
of Hamdard Laboratories (India). It is indicated in urinary incontinence (involuntary
urination), frequent urination, and enuresis (bed wetting). Furthermore, it is also used in
backache for its pain-relieving characteristics.
PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS

11. P a g e | 11
Cannabinoids are present in Cannabis Sativa seeds. However, the bioavailability of its oral
ingestion is comparatively less when used in the form of smoke. It affects the mind and
decreases anxiety, which is commonly linked with enuresis and frequent urination.
THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS
Hamdard Balooti is helpful in following health conditions:
 Urinary incontinence (involuntary urination)
 Frequent urination
 Enuresis (bed wetting)
 Nocturia (excessive urination at night)
 Backache
Hamdard Cinkara Syrup – Multivitamin Syrup and Tonic
Hamdard Cinkara Syrup is multivitamin syrup that contains some herbal ingredients in
addition to vitamins and minerals. The combination provides nutrients and phytonutrients
beneficial for improving general well-being and increases the resistance of the body to
prevent general weakness.
CINKARA INDICATIONS & USES
 Vitamin deficiency, Vitamin deficiency due to antibiotics, Mild mineral deficiency
 Loss of appetite, For gaining weight, Mild malnutrition
 General debility, Stress, Weakness after fever or acute illness
 To promote Growth of children, To increase stamina particularly in sports
 Strenuous exercises

12. P a g e | 12
Hamdard Safi Blood Purifie
Hamdard Safi Blood Purifier is Unani proprietary medicine used for blood detoxification and
improving skin glow and complexion. Generally, its indications include its use in acne or
pimples, boils, blemishes, dark spots, skin allergic conditions (urticaria) and skin rashes. It
improves digestion and helps clearing the toxins from the digestive system. In addition to
these benefits, it is helpful in the treatment of nosebleed, indigestion and other pitta
conditions. It is manufactured by Hamdard Laboratories (WAQF), Ghaziabad, India.
THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS
Hamdard Safi blood purifier is indicated in following health conditions:
 Blood Detoxification (due to bitter constituents)
 Acne Vulgaris, Boils, Skin eruptions
 Skin rashes, Blemishes, Pruritus (itching)
 Epistaxis (nosebleed), Indigestion and heartburn
 Mild constipation, Skin allergies – urticaria
 Measles (to diminish the red spots and burning sensation)
Obstacles in Unani medicine
Although a complete system of treatment, the Unani system, similar to other systems of
medicine, has drawbacks in terms of application and effectiveness. The vast Materia
medica, from herbal and animal to mineral sources, as described in ancient Unani textbooks,
is sometimes so vague that authenticity must be established by modern
pharmacogenetic assessments (by means of a basic, descriptive pharmacology) before
medicines can be put to use. In addition, the use in Unani medicine of precious stones and
minerals, the chief ingredients of many polyformulations (medicines containing multiple
ingredients), is expensive. Those items often are unavailable as well, thereby hindering
effective treatment.
Intense research is important for the use of kushta, the incinerated finely powdered
substance prepared from known toxic metals, such as seemab (mercury), sam al-
far (arsenic), sangraf (mercuric chloride), and khubs al-hadid (iron rust). Medicines made

13. P a g e | 13
with those minerals, when used with caution and expertise, may be effective, but they have
significant toxic side effects.
Labelling Requirements of Unani Medicines
Drugs & Cosmetic Act 1940
The label should be in indelible ink and clear and it should reflect following particulars.
1. True list of all ingredients with quantity in metric system.
2. Reference to the method of preparation, name of authoritative book in First Schedule.
If the list of ingredients is very large, it should be printed and packed in the container.
3. Name of the drug as per literature in the First Schedule.
4. If poisonous or schedule E (1) drug is contained, the words to be printed on label are
"Caution - to be taken under medical supervision".
5. Name and address of manufacturer
6. Date of manufacturing
7. Mfg. Lic. No (Manufacturing Licence Number)
8. Batch No. or Lot No.
9. Words - "Ayurvedic Medicine" or "Siddha Medicine" or "Unani Medicine", as the
case may be.
10. The drugs for external application should have the words on label "For external use
only".
Conclusion : It is a comprehensive medical system, which meticulously deals with the
various states of health and disease. It provides promotive, preventive, curative and
rehabilitative healthcare. The fundamentals, diagnosis and treatment modalities of the
system are based on scientific principles and holistic concepts of health and healing.
Accordingly it considers individual in relation to his environment and stresses on health of
body, mind and soul. Temperament (Mizaj) of a patient is given great importance in
diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Temperament is also taken into consideration for
identifying the most suitable diet and lifestyle for promoting the health of a particular
individual.
References : 1) https://www.nhp.gov.in/unani_mty
2) http://www.nium.in/
3) phcogrev.com/sites/default/files/PharmacognRev-13-26-71.pdf