2. 2
INTRODUCTION TO UNANI MEDICINES
CONTRIBUTION OF UNANI MEDICINAL SYSTEM TO PHARMACY
PRINCIPLES OF UNANI MEDICINES
DIAGNOSIS AND PREVENTION
DIFFERENT THERAPIES USED IN UNANI MEDICINE
GENERAL METHOD OF TREATMENT IN UNANI
DIFFERENT DOSAGE FORMS IN UNANI MEDICINE
VARIOUS MARKETED PRODUCT
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
3. oAlternative medicines are being used
by about 60 percent of the world's
population.
o The World Health Organization
(WHO) is already taking much interest
in indigenous systems of medicine and
coming forward to exploit the scientific
validity of the medicines used since
trading 3
4. Unani is one of the most well known traditional
medicine systems and draws on the ancient traditional
systems of medicine of China, Egypt, India, Iraq,
Persiaand Syria.
In the seventh and eighth centuries the Arabs
conquered a great part of the ancient civilized world
and extended their empire from Spain to India
Unani system of medicine was founded by Hippocrates
around 400BC.Jalinos(Galen),Abu Bekeribn zakaria
Razi(Razer) and Ibn -e-Sina(Avicenna) enriched the
unani system into complete,systematic form where by it
flourished into a Golden Era .
4
5. 5
1. AL-ARKAN or AL-ANASIR (ELEMENTS)
2. AL-MIZAJ(TEMPERAMENT)
3. AL-AKHALT (HUMOURS-BODY
FLUIDS):Humours-BLOOD (Dam),PHLEGM
(Balgham),YELLOW BILE(Safra) and BLACK
BILE(Sauda) .
4. AL- A’ZA’(ORGANS OR MEMBERS)
5. AL-ARWAH (PNEUMA OR VITAL SPIRIT)
6. AL-QUWA (FACULTIES OR POWERS)
7. AL-AT’AL(FUNCTIONS)
6. 6
Essentials Of Life Are:
1. Atmospheric air
2. Foods and drinks
3. Physical or bodily movement and response
4. Mental or Psychic movement and response
5. Sleep and Wake fullness
6. Evacuation and retention
Non Essential Of Life Are
1. Geographical conditions of the country and town and other
related matters.
2. Residential conditions and related matters.
3. Occupation and related matters
4. Habits and related matters
5. Age and related matters
6. Sex and related matters
7. Any other factor antagonistic to nature and bodily health
7. 7
The diagnosis is based on examination of the pulse
(nabz),urine(baul) and stool(baraz).
Izalae Sabad (elimination of cause)
Tadule Akhlat (normalisation of humours)
Tadeeleaza (normalisation of tissues/organs)
PREVENTION OF DISEASE
1.Maintenance of proper ecological balance.
2.Keeping water ,air, food and drinks pure.
3.Bodily movement and repose.
8. 8
•ILAJ BIL GIZA (DIETO THERAPY)
•ILAJ BIL DAWA (PHARMACO THERAPY)
•ILAJ BIL YAD (SURGERY)
1.ILAJ BIL TADBIR (ILAJ BIL TADBIR (REGIMENTAL
THERAPY)
REGIMENTAL THERAPY): Literally Tadbeer is an Arabic
word meaning Regimen (Systemic plan) whereas Ilaj means
therapy or treatment.
Riyazat (excercise):- Riyazat is a voluntary movement with
the purpose of Tanqiya-e-Mavad (evacuation of waste
material) for an individual.
The objective of performing riyazat are enumerated below
1. To improve Istehala (metabolism) for proper functioning
of body.
2.To remove waste products from the body.
HIJAMAT(CUPPING):-
Cupping is divided into two categories
1. Hijamat bilshurt i.e. cupping with bloodletting
2. Hijamat bilashurt i.e. cupping without bloodletting
9. 9
ILAJ BIL YAD (SURGERY):
In ancient times, Unani surgeons did perform several surgeries like
brain surgery, laparotomy and plastic surgery.
Dafa-e- Ta‘affun Adwiya: (Antiseptic drugs)- Cinnamomum
camphora (Kaafoor), Azadirachta indica (Nīm), Santalum album
(Sandal) etc
PHARMACO THERAPY :
According to Unani System of Medicine, the choice of drugs for treatment is
governed by three laws:
(i) Quality of drug in terms of temperament
(ii) Quantity of drug in terms of its weight and potency and
(iii) Time of administration
MODE OF ACTION:
The mechanism or mode of action of a drug can be
explained only partially. For example Glycerrhiza
glabra causes expectoration by relaxing and opening
the passage of bronchioles but why it does so cannot be
explained
10. 10
DARJA-E-AWWAL (GRADE-1)
DARJA-E-DOYAM(GRADE-II)
DARJA-E-SOYAM(GRADE-III)
DARJA –E-CHAHARUM(GRADE- IV)
Drugs Are Compounded For The
Following Purposes.
To potentiate the efficacy of the drugs
(Synergistic effect)
To decrease the harmful or excessive effect
(Antagonistic effect)
Drugs Have Been Classified Into Four Grades
According To Their Intensity And Potency:
11. 11
ILAJ BIL GIZA (DIETO THERAPY)
UNANI DIET PRINCIPLES:
1. TARKE GHIZA(CESSATION OF DIET)
2. TAQLEELA GHIZA(REDUCTION OF DIET
Reduced in kamiyat (quantitative reduction)
Reduced in Kefiyat (qualitative reduction)
Reduced in Kamiyat and kefiyat both (quantitative and
qualitative reduction in diet)
PRECAUTIONS OF ILAJ BIL GHIZA (DIETO THERAPY):
1. They should reduce the amount of food.
2. Eat vegetables in excess
12. 12
According to Unani System of Medicine, the choice of
drugs for treatment is governed by three laws:
(i) Quality of drug in terms of temperament
(ii) Quantity of drug in terms of its weight and potency
and
(iii) Time of administration
13. 13
a) Solid preparation for internal use e.g. Safoof,
La’uooq, Hab, Firzaja, Khamira etc.
b) Solid preparation for external use e.g.Kajal,
Sanoon, Zimaad, Tila, marham etc.
c) Liquid preparation for internal use e.g.
Araqiat, Sikanjbeen,Ma-ul-Jubn, Sharbat, etc.
d) Liquid preparation for external use e.g.
Natool, Dalook, Huqna, Aabzan, and
Ghargharah
e) Gaseous preparation for internal use e.g.
Lakhlakha, Shamoom etc.
f) Gaseous preparation for external use e.g.
Wajoor, Inkebab etc.
DIFFERENT PREPARATION USED IN
UNANI MEDICINE
14. 14
PREPARATION OF VARIOUS DOSAGE FORM:
SOLID PREPARATION FOR INTERNAL USE:
SAFOOF MUHAZZIL
CHIEF INGRIDENT: Tukme badiyan
INGRIDIENTS:
Tukhme Badiyan- (Illicium verum family schisandraceae of fruit which are
harvested before ripping)
Nankhwah-(Trachysperum ammi( L) Sprague family Apiaceae obtained from
fruit)
Zerasiya-(bellis perennis,Asteraceae family obtained from flower)
Lakmagsul-(Eichhornia crassipes, family pontederiaceae obtained from flower)
Marzanjosh-(Origanum majorana family Lamiaceae obtained from cold sensitive
perennial herb with sweet pine and citrus flavours)
USES: Weightloss,cholestrol reduction
DOSE:5gms with water
Safoof muhazzil
(100gms)
15. 15
SOLID PREPARATION FOR EXTERNAL USE:
MARHAM KAFOOR
CHIEF INGREDIENT :Kafoor
INDREDIENT:
Safaida Kashgari- (populus ciliate family salicaceae and whole
plant parts are used)
Kafoor-( cinanmonan family lauracaeae flowers parts are used)
Roghan Kunjad-(Santalum album family Santalaceae flowers are
used)
Mom Asli(pure wax)- ( Chrysanthemum family Asteraceae
flowers are used)
Alcohol Khabshi
White Part of egg -(egg shell)
USES:Burning wounds,chronic ulcers,ring worm infection.
DOSE:For external use
MARHAM KAFOOR 250gms
16. 16
LIQUID PREPARATION FOR INTERNAL USE
SHARBAT-E-ANAR SHIREEN:
CHIEF INGREDIENT:Aab-e-Anar Shireen
INGREDIENTS:
Aab-e-Anar Shireen-( Punica granatum family Punicaceae obtain from
plant and fruit is used)
Qand Safaid-(sugar) Chlorophytum borivilianum family Asparagaceae is a
herb with lanceolate leaves and its roots are used)
USES: It strengthens heart and liver and stops thirst.It is given in
diarrhoea in summer.
DOSE: 15 to 30ml two or three times a day.
SHARBAT ANAR SHIREEN 200 ML
17. 17
LIQUID PREPARATION FOR EXTERNAL USE:
NUTOOL
The objective of performing Nutool are enumerated below
1.To disperse the matter from affected part.
2.To alter the temperamental state of the organ
USES:Paralysis,Tension.
18. 18
AABZAN:
Aabzan is a bath tub process in which hot water or cold water is
present.and the patient is allowed to sit in it.
USES:Cystitis,Dyseria.
19. 19
GASEOUS PREPARATION FOR EXTERNAL USE:
INKEBAB:
Inkebab is a inhalation of hot water vapour and allowing
exposure of hot vapour to other body parts.
USES: Weight loss.
20. 20
USES: Improves energy,cardio vascular ,vommiting,indigestion
In 1906 it was discovered by hakim abdul majeed.
INGREDIENTS:
Rosa domascena (Damask rose family Rosaceae parts used are flowers)
Coriandrum sativum (Coriander or cilantro family apiaceae parts used are roots leaves and
flowers)
Citrullus vulgaris ( Colocynthis citrullus.family Cucurbitaceae parts used are fruits)
Spinacea olerance (spinach linn family Amaranthaceae parts used are leaves)
Mentha arvenis ( corn mint family Lamiaceae leaves are used)
Luffa cylindrical ( Sponge Gourds/ Egyptian cucumber family Cucurbitaceae parts used are
fruits)
Cichorium intybus (Root chicory family Asteraceae parts used are roots)
Vitis vinefera ( European Table Grape family Vitaceae parts used are fruits)
Vitiveria zizaniodes (Chrysopogon zizanioides/khus family Poaceae parts used leaves,flowers)
ROOHAFZA 250 ML
21. 21
ADVANTAGE OF UNANI MEDICINE:
•Unani medicine is an alternative and highly respected form of
medicine.
•Unani medicine can cure almost every physical problem you have.
•It is also capable of providing solution to the mental or
psychological problems which you may have.
•Unani therapy involves study of humours which are considered as
the driving forces of a human body.
DISADVANTAGES:
•Drugs have slower effects as compare to allopathic dosage form.
• Also require long term therapy.
•They are difficult to hide taste and odour.
• No pharmacopoeia defines any specific procedures or ingredients
to be used in any of unani medicines
22. 22
Medicines can be a good alternative for many diseases and
conditions.
Unani describes the basic and applied aspects of life
process,health and disease cured in terms of its own
principle and approaches.
They are low cost, and tend to have fewer side effects
23. 23
1. Mohammed Ali “Pharmacognosy (Pharmacognosy and phytoChemistry)
volume 1
2. Brijesh Kumar Sharma “Principles of unani medicine” available at
www.biotecharticles.com
3. Diagnosis ans prevention :available at http://ww1.whoint.com/
4.Regimental Therapy: available at ayush.gov.in/
5. S.M.Abbas Zaidi, et al : “Cupping Therapy” Acta Med Hist Adriat 2016;
14(1);81-94
6.IILAJ BIL DIETO(Dieto therapy) available at:www.ijpcbs.com
7. Dr.Hifzul Kabir-Morakkabat(Unani Formulation) Preparation of various
dosage form
8.Shahid S.Chaudharey et al: solid dosage forms in unani system of
medicine.Journal of pharmaceutical and science innovation. 2nd
volume,2013;17-22.
9. Hakim Abdul Samad Khan –MisbaHuladviya
10. Hakim Syed Zilul Rehman-Kitabol Murakabal
REFERENCES
