http://www.fao.org/globalsoilpartnership/en/ This presentation was presented during the Eurasian Soil Partnership workshop that was held on 29 February - 02 March 2016 in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan and it was made by Shenggen Fan.

1. Shenggen Fan, February 2016
Reshaping the Food System
for Food Security & Nutrition
I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o n f e r e n c e o n E u r a s i a n F o o d S e c u r i t y a n d N u t r i t i o n N e t w o r k &
E u r a s i a n S o i l P a r t n e r s h i p
B i s h k e k | F e b r u a r y 2 9 , 2 0 1 6
Shenggen Fan
Director General | International Food Policy Research Institute

2. Shenggen Fan, February 2016
Key messages
• Despite progress, hunger and malnutrition are still
global challenges
• The global food system is increasingly vulnerable,
yet called to do more
• Reshaping the food system is critical
• A new global food system must deliver multiple
SDGs

3. Shenggen Fan, February 2016
0
10
20
30
40
World Central Asia South Asia SE Asia
1990-92
2014-16
Hunger and malnutrition are still global challenges
Prevalence of undernourishment (%)
Source: FAO 2015
Prevalence of adult overweight, 2014
Tajikistan UzbekistanKyrgyzstan
Prevalence of under-5 stunting (%)
Source: UNICEF/WHO/WB 2015
Central Asia
Kazakhstan Turkmenistan
Kyrgyzstan
51%
59% 55%
47%
Source: WHO 2015

4. Shenggen Fan, February 2016
The global food system is increasingly
vulnerable, yet called to do more
Picture sources: Ngo Trung; USDA;
Goyette; UNDP; Niehaus
Climate change,
extreme weather events
Agriculture-related risks,
food safety scandals
Growing land,
water constraints
Persistent conflicts
Population growth, rising
incomes, urbanization
The global food system is needed to play bigger role
in economic and social development

5. Shenggen Fan, February 2016
Reshaping the global food system is critical
Focus on crop yields
Production is the only concern
Food losses / waste do not matter
Consumers, private sector ignored
Food security is a supply problem
Small(holder) is always beautiful
Global governance dominated by
North and UN
OLD
Focus on nutrition per unit of inputs
/ resources
Processing, storage, transportation
also key
Food losses / waste matter greatly
Consumers, private sector critical
Accessibility is major problem
Context specificity matters
Emerging economies play bigger
role
NEW
No attention to gender Gender has key role in agriculture

6. Shenggen Fan, February 2016
A new global food system must deliver
multiple SDGs
New food system
Inclusive
Nutritious and healthy
Climate-smart
Sustainable
Business-friendly
Productive Over half of SDGs relate to
food security and nutrition

7. Shenggen Fan, February 2016
Pathways to a new global food system
Invest in agric. R&D to produce more with less
Fix the fundamentals: Marketing, infrastructure,
trade
Empower women in agriculture
Transform smallholder agriculture
Ensure safety of food systems

8. Shenggen Fan, February 2016
Advance frontiers for sustainable intensification and better
nutrition
• E.g. Breeding high yielding, climate-ready, high-nutrient crop varieties
(biofortification)
Precision irrigation has great potential
• Groundwater irrigation in Fergana Valley can improve soil salinity, health
and resilience of water, land and ecosystems (Karimov et al. 2014)
Invest in agric. R&D to produce more nutrition with
less
Conservation of Fruit Tree Diversity in Central Asia Project
• Helped farmers produce drought-tolerant strains of fruit
• Farmers expanded orchards into degraded areas
• Restored landscapes improved grazing for animals,
whose meat and dairy products further enrich diets Source: Bioversity 2014

9. Shenggen Fan, February 2016
Support inclusive marketing in food
value chains
• Link smallholders to modern agrifood
value chains
Fix the fundamentals: Marketing, infrastructure…
Develop rural infrastructure
• Improving roads, rail, electricity
can reduce hunger and child
malnutrition in 15 years
(Rosegrant et al 2015)
• Access to WASH strongly linked
to child stunting reduction
(Smith and Haddad 2014)
Picture source: IFPRI
Uzbekistan Horticultural Support Project
Goals
• Target small scale actors in horticultural
value chain
• Focus on modernization of a privatized
horticulture sector
Benefits
• About 12,000 households
• Over 2,000 jobs Surkhandarya region
• Enhanced resilience of rural households
Source: IFAD 2012

10. Shenggen Fan, February 2016
…and open, transparent, and fair trade
Eliminate distortionary trade policies
• Harmful trade policies e.g. import tariffs and export bans, hurt the
poor and hinder efficiency of agricultural markets
Improve targeting of subsidies
• Resources can fund public goods and support nutritious food
production
Create global and regional grain reserves
• Located in poor, food importing countries
Picture sources: Wiki commons; neiljs; Ward

11. Shenggen Fan, February 2016
Increased food
for own
consumption
Increased
income
Reductions in
market prices
Shifts in
preferences
Shifts in control
of resources
within
households
Gender equality
Health and nutrition
Women mediate pathways from agriculture to nutrition
Source: Arimond et al. 2010
Examples of interventions
• Bosnia and Herzegovina: Livestock and Rural Finance Development Project
helped women improve production, marketing and distribution of dairy (IFAD 2013)
• Uzbekistan: Rural Women Learning Alliance promotes strategies for
diversifying household incomes by cultivating non-traditional crops (CGIAR 2015)
Empower women in agriculture

12. Shenggen Fan, February 2016
• Must go beyond agric. indicators (e.g. productivity)
• New Global Food System Index: holistic measure of
national food systems
• Six key dimensions: Inclusive, nutritious and healthy, climate-
smart, sustainable, business-friendly, and productive
• Can help make governments accountable, set priorities to tackle
weak nodes in the system
How to evaluate the global food system?
Example depiction of
Global Food System Index 0
25
50
75
100
Productive
Inclusive
Nutritious and
healthy
Climate-smart
Sustainable
Business-friendly

13. Shenggen Fan, February 2016
To accelerate progress, evidence-
based knowledge is needed:
Compact2025

14. End hunger and
undernutrition

15. Shenggen Fan, February 2016
Compact2025—a partnership to end
hunger and undernutrition
• Helps countries refine and implement pathways to
accelerate progress
• Supports nat’l and regional commitments with data,
evidence, accountability
• Breaks silos and works multisectorally
• Serves as a knowledge and innovation hub

16. Shenggen Fan, February 2016
Compact2025 provides evidence-based support to end hunger
and undernutrition by 2025
National
initiatives led
by Ethiopia,
Rwanda,
Malawi,
Bangladesh,
and others
Regional
commitments
led by the
African Union
and others
International
initiatives led
by SUN, GAIN,
National
Information
Platforms for
Nutrition, and
others
Global goals
e.g. Zero
Hunger
Challenge,
SDG2
Supporting other initiatives

17. Shenggen Fan, February 2016
I N N O VAT I O N L A B
Innovations in scaling up
Innovations in social marketing
S Y N T H E S I S
Nourishing Millions
Country case studies
C O M M U N I C AT I O N S
Portal, website, and media
Policy monitor and bulletin
D ATA , T R A C K I N G ,
A N D M O N I T O R I N G
Global Nutrition Report
Global Food Policy Report
Global Hunger Index
K N OW L E D G E &
I N N OVAT I O N
H U B
Knowledge and Innovation Hub

18. Shenggen Fan, January 2016
A world free of hunger and
undernutrition is within reach—
together, we will achieve it
For more information, contact
Shenggen Fan, Director General, International Food Policy
Research Institute (IFPRI), s.fan@cgiar.org
Rajul Pandya-Lorch, Chief of Staff and Head of 2020 Vision
Initiative, IFPRI, r.pandya-lorch@cgiar.org
Teunis van Rheenen Head of Partnerships and Business
Development, IFPRI, t.vanrheenen@cgiar.org