Recommended
Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Similar to Reproduction and Development
Similar to Reproduction and Development (20)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Reproduction and Development
- 1. Compare and Contrast Processes in Plants and Animals: Reproduction and Development
- 2. OBJECTIVES: AT THE END OF THIS MODULE, THE LEARNER IS EXPECTED TO: 1. COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE FOLLOWING PROCESSES IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS: REPRODUCTION, DEVELOPMENT, NUTRITION, GAS EXCHANGE, TRANSPORT/ CIRCULATION, REGULATION OF BODY FLUIDS, CHEMICAL AND NERVOUS CONTROL, IMMUNE SYSTEMS, AND SENSORY AND MOTOR MECHANISMS. 1.differentiate asexual from sexual reproduction; 2.describe different modes of sexual and asexual reproduction; 3.describe the different stages of animal development; 4.describe human reproductive organ systems;
- 3. Asexual Reproduction A mode of reproduction that does not involve the union of sex cells. 20XX presentation title 3 #1
- 4. Fertilization It is the union of egg cell and sperm cell. 20XX presentation title 4 #2
- 5. Stamen The male reproductive structure of a flower. 20XX presentation title 5 #3
- 6. Lesson 1: Reproduction and Development
- 7. REPRODUCTION 20XX presentation title 7 •Reproduction is an essential characteristic of organisms to perpetuate their kind. •process of making new organisms that are similar to their parents, ensuring the survival of species.
- 8. Modes of Reproduction 20XX presentation title 8
- 10. Asexual Reproduction One single parent will give birth to the offspring in asexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction is commonly seen in plants, but in the animal kingdom, it is less common. 20XX presentation title 10
- 11. Types of asexual reproduction in Plants VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION 20XX presentation title 11
- 12. Sexual Reproduction 20XX presentation title 12 In what part of the flower do you think sexual reproduction occur?
- 13. Sexual Reproduction 20XX presentation title 13 Sexual reproduction involves two separate parents that belong to the opposite sex. Both plants and animals exhibit this kind of reproduction. Flowering plants undergo sexual reproduction.
- 14. 20XX presentation title 14
- 15. Calyx These are green petal-like structures located right above the receptacle called the base of the flower. Calyx is made up of sepals. 20XX presentation title 15
- 16. Corolla Corolla is the name given to the collective colorful petals of the flower. The petals of various flowers are found in different colors and are often fragrant much of the time. It is the petals that attract the 20XX presentation title 16
- 17. Androecium The male reproductive section of a flower is the androecium. It is made up of a series of stamens. Each stamen at the top of it consists of a filament and anther. The anthers are lobed structures that produce the male gamete-containing pollen. 20XX presentation title 17
- 18. Gynoecium The gynoecium is the female reproductive organ of the flower. It is composed of the ovary, style, and stigma. The style is a slender filament on top of which lies the stigma that works to retain pollen grains that are transferred. 20XX presentation title 18
- 19. Pollination and Fertilization • Pollination is the vital process of transferring pollen from male to female parts of flowers, enabling fertilization and seed production. 20XX presentation title 19
- 20. Fertilization can be defined as the fusion of the male gametes (pollen) to form a diploid zygote with the female gametes 20XX presentation title 20 Pollination and Fertilization
- 21. TYPES OF FERTILIZATION 20XX presentation title 21
- 22. Double Fertilization Double fertilization is a complex fertilization mechanism of flowering plants (angiosperms). 20XX presentation title 22
- 23. Question: 20XX presentation title 23 What do you think is the main purpose of fruits?
- 24. Purpose: (1)to protect the seed from damage against animals and infectious agents, (2)to aid in seed dispersal. 20XX presentation title 24
- 26. Asexual Reproduction in Animals The type of reproduction in animals that reproduce asexually are commonly found among lower forms of organisms such as protists, cnidarians, hydra, amoeba, and some complex animals. The resulting offspring are identical to the 20XX presentation title 26
- 27. CLONAL REPRODUCTION Reproductive cloning involves the implantation of a cloned embryo into a real or an artificial uterus. The embryo develops into a fetus that is then carried to term. 20XX presentation title 27
- 28. Types of asexual reproduction BINARY FISSION BUDDING 20XX presentation title 28
- 29. Types of asexual reproduction FRAGMENTATIO N PARTHENOGENESIS 20XX presentation title 29
- 30. Sexual Reproduction in Animals The production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different types (sexes) 20XX presentation title 30
- 31. Fundamental Steps in Sexual Reproduction •Gametogenesis •Spawning or mating •Fertilization 20XX presentation title 31
- 33. Male Reproductive System 20XX presentation title 33
- 34. Female Reproductive System 20XX presentation title 34
- 36. 20XX presentation title 36 Pdfcoffee.com general-biology-2-quarter-2-module-2-ver- 4-pdf-freePdfcoffee.com - Studocu
Editor's Notes
- Plants and animals are diverse organism, particularly in terms of how they are able to reproduce. Each species needs to survive in an adaptive environment to continue the succession of life here on Earth. In this module, you will learn the process of reproduction and development. You will appreciate how reproduction and development occur as they grow and reproduce to form new species of its own kind.
- Reproduction is an essential characteristic of organisms to perpetuate their kind. Plants and animals can reproduce either sexually or asexually. The table below shows the difference between asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction.
- In terms of maximizing reproductive success, what is the advantage of asexual reproduction? How about its disadvantage? (although, asexual reproduction is extremely common to plants, it still has a downside). Now that you already know the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction, let us continue learning into a deeper understanding of plants and animal reproduction.
- For plants, every structure in the body and physiological processes exists for only one reason and it is to maximize its chances to produce offspring. Reproduction is what’s unconsciously goal of every organisms do.
- Are you amazed by the beautiful flowers around you? Most of us want to have a flower in our garden because they are decorative in nature and they gives us a very refreshing and wonderful feeling of happiness. Angiosperms or flowering plants are widely distributed in the world. Their life cycle centers on reproducing sexually through their flower. In what part of the flower do you think sexual reproduction occur? Sexual reproduction occurs in the sexual organ of the flower.
- Before next slide Let us examine a typical flower to see its parts and their role in plant reproduction. Look parts of a complete flower below.
- Flower A flower is the sexual reproductive organ in plants. Flowers are often the most attractive structures of a plant. The flower’s anatomy can be divided into following parts: s
- Their primary task is to safeguard the flower while it is still in the bud process.
- The corolla is found above the calyx layer
- Once the pollen lands on the stigma, it is moved downward to the ovary via the style. The ovary is lobed and composed of the female gamete-containing ovules
- The pollen grains and ovules by themselves cannot travel from one place to another. There are other factors such as wind, water, or animals that enable the pollen grains to travel to reach the stigma of the same or another flower. In plants, fertilization, which occurs after pollination and germination, is a sexual reproduction process.
- It is a physicochemical mechanism that happens after the carpel is pollinated. In the zygote, the full sequence of this process takes place to develop into a seed
- It is the common type of fertilization carried out in all angiosperms or flowering plants. In this type of fertilization, the pollen tube enters the ovule through the micropyle (SMALL OPENING IN THE SURFACE OF AN OVULE). Mesogamy This type of fertilization is seen in all Cucurbit plants, such as pumpkin, ridge gourds, bitter gourd and other gourd plants. In this type of fertilization, the pollen tube enters the ovule through its middle part or through the integuments of the ovule. Chalazogamy This type of fertilization is carried out on all Casuarina species of plants. In this condition, the pollen tube enters the ovule through the pollen tube.
- This process involves the joining of a female gametophyte (megagametophyte, also called the embryo sac) with two male gametes (sperm). It begins when a pollen grain adheres to the stigma of the carpel, the female reproductive structure of a flower.
- Just like this, reproduction is part of a life cycle in which individuals grow, develop, and reproduce according to instructions encoded in DNA. And such is, the most vital function of living organisms.
- Why asexual reproduction is also called as ‘clonal reproduction’? There are three mechanism how asexual reproduction mitosis occur to unicellular organism showing the exact copy of the parent
- Involves the division of body into two or more equal parts. Bacteria and amoeba typically use this method of reproduction. The DNA of the parent bacteria replicates itself in this form of reproduction and then the cell divides into two halves, each half having its own DNA. Therefore, the parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells. These daughter cells are identical to the parent cell. Budding-In this type of asexual reproduction process, the offspring grows on the parent body from a bud-like structure. This is usually seen in Echinodermata and hydra. The buds fall off the parent body once large enough, and begin their independent life.
- Fragmentation-The parent organism splits into several fragments or segments in this form of asexual mode of reproduction, where each of the fragments evolves into a new organism. Starfishes, which exhibit sexual reproduction, also exhibit this type of asexual reproduction in which an entirely new organism may be produced by a part of its body, such as its arm Parthenogenesis The female organism of the species generates eggs without fertilization in this process of asexual reproduction, and the offspring emerge from that. Lizards, few insects and some fishes reproduce in this way. This reproductive form is not seen in mammals. This kind of asexual reproduction is seen in both plants and animals.
- Oviparity is when animals lay eggs outside, and the nourishment is given to the offspring by the presence of the yolk in the egg. These animals are called oviparous, like birds, most amphibians, reptiles, bony fish, and some cartilaginous fishes. Viviparity is for mammals, few reptiles and cartilaginous fish. In this, the offspring is developed within the body of a female and receive nourishment through the placenta coming from the mother’s blood. Eventually, the developed offspring comes out from the mother`s body. These animals are called as viviparous Ovoviviparity, is when the eggs are retained in the female body, and the nourishment is provided from the yolk present in the egg only to the developing embryo. The egg hatched when the young ones are fully developed. Sharks, lizards, snakes follow this process
- In human beings, reproduction is by sexual reproduction in which both male and female gametes fertilize to give birth to a zygote that develops into an embryo. Fertilization takes place within the female's body thus, called internal fertilization.
- In human beings, reproduction is by sexual reproduction in which both male and female gametes fertilize to give birth to a zygote that develops into an embryo. Fertilization takes place within the female's body thus, called internal fertilization.