2. THE URINARY SYSTEM-
also known as the renal
system, consists of
the kidneys, ureters, bladd
er, and the urethra. Each
kidney consists of millions
of functional units
called nephrons.
3. There are several functions of the Urinary
System:
• Removal of waste product from the body
(mainly urea and uric acid)
• Regulation of electrolyte balance
(e.g. sodium, potassium and calcium)
• Regulation of acid-base homeostasis
• Controlling blood volume and
maintaining blood pressure
4. KIDNEYS-are bean-shaped organs that serve several
essential regulatory roles in vertebrates. They remove
excess organic molecules from the blood, and it is by this
action that their best-known function is performed: the
removal of waste products of metabolism
5. URETERS-In human anatomy, the ureters are tubes
made of smooth muscle fibre’s that propel urine from
the kidneys to the urinary bladder. In the adult, the
ureters are usually 25–30 cm (10–12 in) long and
~3–4 mm in diameter.
6. URINARY BLADDER is the organ that
collects urine excreted by the kidneys before
disposal by urination. A hollow muscular, and
distensible (or elastic) organ, the bladder sits on
the pelvic floor.
7. URETHRA- In anatomy, the urethra is a
tube that connects the urinary bladder to
the urinary meatus for the removal of fluids
from the body.
8. NEPHRON- is the basic structural and functional
unit of the kidney. Its chief function is to regulate
the concentration of water and soluble substances
like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing
what is needed and excreting the rest as urine.
