EARTHQUAKE IS A COMMON HAZARD IN MOSTLY HILLY AREAS AND IT BECOME DISASTER WHEN IT IMPACTS ON HUMAN. SIKKIM IS ONE OF THE MOST VULNERABLE PLACES FOR EARTHQUAKES OCCURRING IN INDIA.

1. A BRIEF NOTE ON SIKKIM EARTHQUAKE, 2011
NAME: CHAITALI PAL.
PG 4TH SEM
ROLL- 06

2.  What is an earthquake?
An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the
earth suddenly slip past one another (mainly for plate
movement). The surface where they slip is called the
fault or fault plane. The location below the earth’s
surface where the earthquake starts is called the
hypocenter, and the location directly above it on the
surface of the earth is called the epicenter.
INTRODUCTION
 SOME FACTS ABOUT SIKKIM EARTHQUAKE
• The Sikkim earthquake occurred with a moment at 18:10
IST on Sunday, 18 September, 2011.
• Duration - 30- 40 seconds.
• Magnitude - 6.9
• It occured from a boundary of a tectonic plate (Intraplate
earthquake).
• Epicenter - Taplejung District, Nepal.

3. LOCATION OF THE AREA

4. • The 2011 Sikkim earthquake occurred centered within
the Kanchenjunga Conservation Area, near the border
of Nepal and the Indian state of Sikkim.
• As per the Seismic Zonation Map of India, the state of
Sikkim comes under Seismic Zone IV .
• Neighbouring countries of Nepal, Bhutan, Tibet
(China) and Bangladesh sustained damage and losses
to varying extent .
• Three aftershocks of magnitude 5.7, 5.1 and 4.6 were
also felt in Sikkim within 30 minutes of the
earthquake.
• The earthquake triggered a large number of
landslides and caused significant damage to buildings
and infrastructure.
DETAILS ABOUT THE INCIDENT

5. • The earthquakes in this region are usually interplate in nature, preliminary
data suggests the Sikkim earthquake was triggered by shallow strike-slip
faulting from an intraplate source within the over-riding Eurasian Plate.
 CAUSES
• As the region is mountainous and rains preceded the earthquake, the event
triggered massive landslides.
• Damage to buildings and infrastructure caused by landslides was more severe
than damage due to direct ground shaking in some regions.
• Most buildings had a symmetric and uniform grid of beams and columns. Some
buildings that had open stories collapsed, usually at mid-height.
• The strong shaking caused significant building collapse and mudslides
 IMPACTS

8. • "Pager - M 6.9 - Sikkim, India". USGS. 18 September 2011. Retrieved18 September 2011.
• Earthquake claims two lives in Sikkim, The Hindu, 18 September 2011
• Bhardwaj, Mayank (18 September 2011). "Magnitude 6.8 quake in India, several dead". Reuters.
Retrieved 18 September 2011.
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Sikkim_earthquake
• South Sikkim earthquake report
REFERENCE