cause and effect of earthquake in kathmandu

1. TECHNICAL PRESENTATION
ON
EARTHQUAKE HAZARD
IN
KATHMANDU
Presented by : Indra Man Maharjan
Roll no:1307201249
Course: WMBA Ist
semester
(2013 fall)

2. content
• Introduction
• Cause of earthquake
• Risk of earthquake in Nepal
• Risk of earthquake in Kathmandu
• History of earthquake in Kathmandu
• Effect of earthquake in Kathmandu
• Safety measure of earthquake

4. Introduction
• Shaking or vibration of the earth surface is
known as earthquake.
• The magnitude of earthquake is measured
in unit called Richter scale and it ranges
from 0 to 9
• The earthquake more than 7 Richter scale
are more devastating.

6. Cause of Earthquake
• Earthquake is due to tectonic plate
movement.
• During tectonic plate movement two
tectonic plate collide with each other
which cause earthquake.

8. Risk of earthquake in Nepal
• There is high probability of earthquake in
Nepal because Nepal is formed by
pushing of Indian tectonic plate to Tibetan
tectonic plate as a result Mt. Everest and
other Himalayas are formed

10. History of earthquake in
Kathmandu
• The earthquake of June 7, 1255 AD (1310 BS) is the first
recorded earthquake in the history of Nepal. During the
earthquake nearly one third of the total population of
Kathmandu were killed. Among the killed were the King
of Kathmandu valley, Abahya Malla. The earthquake
magnitude at that time is believed to be around 7.7
in Richter scale.
• In August (or September) of 1408 AD (1463BS), during
the reign of king Shyam singh, a major earthquake
destroyed the temple of Rato Matchendranath and many
other buildings and temples.
• In the earthquake that happened in May/June
of 1810 AD (1866 BS) many buildings and temples were
damaged.

11. • The deadliest earthquake on record – popularly
known as "90 Sal ko bhukampa" occured
during Magh of1990 BS (16 January, 1934 AD).
The magnitude 8.4 Richter scale earthquake
killed 8519 people, destroyed 80893 buildings
and severely damaged 126355 more houses.
• The earthquake of 1988 AD ( 2045 BS), known
as Udayapur Earthquake mainly affected the
Eastern Development Region and some parts of
Central Development region. It caused 721
deaths, 6553 injured, and damage to 64174
private buildings, 468 public houses, 790
government buildings.

13. Risk of Earthquake in Kathmandu
• Kathmandu is very crowded and
unplanned city
• Most of the houses are not earthquake
proof
• There are many old crowded and cracked
houses in old city areas like
asan,basantapur, lagan etc.

14. Effect of Earthquake in Kathamandu
• If lager scale earthquake goes in Kathmandu most
of the houses collapse
• This causes huge loss of life and properties
• Most of the people are not aware about the safety
measure during earthquake
• Earthquake may lead to short-circuiting and may
cause house firing
• Water recourse will get polluted which may lead
many type of diseases like diarrhea and cholera

16. Safety measure of Earthquake
• Earth quake resistant buildings should be
built. The old building also be improved by
retrofitting
• If we are inside the house during earth
quake, we should hide under table or any
other strong furniture until the shaking
stops

17. • If we are outside the house at the time of
earthquake, we should move in an open
place away from buildings, tall trees and
poles
• The doors of classroom and other such
public places should be made in such a
way that they open outsides.

18. THANK YOU