Science in the open
What can be done? And where will it take us?
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Chris Leonard      Plausible Accuracy
      John   Fabiana Kubke Richard Grant            Pedro Beltrao
            Neil Saunders Steve Wilson @gnat Branwen Hide    Simon Coles
    Dupuis Simon Philips Pawel Szcsesny Paul Miller
     Tony Hey Jeremy Frey Nico Adams Richard Akerman Cavalli    Gabriel
 JonMat Todd Stephen BrennerTim O’Reilly                                 Noel Gorelick
                                                    Dave de Roure Rich Apodaca
Udell ISIS LSS Group Jeremiah Faith Jean-Claude Bradley
     Michael Barton JOHN WILLINSKY Phil Lord                          Nicholas Cole
       Stephen FriendGrace Baynes Clay Shirky Victoria	
  John Cumbers Bull
    BoraDavid Crotty                                      @t
                                                                  Stodden Martyn
                                          Eva Amsen Egon	
  Willighagen Mark Borkum
 Zivkovic Brian Kelly Tony Williams Dan Hagon Maxine Clarke Andrew Milsted
                 Mitch Koch Lab Michael NielsenMartin Fenner Steph Hannon
               WaldropGreg Wilson Brian Matthews Leigh Dodds Bill Hooker
  Frank Norman          Yaroslav Nikolaev Jenny Rohn Rafael Sidi              Lee Smolin
    Timo Hannay            Ricardo Vidal Iain Emsley Paulo Nuin Ariel Waldmann
                         Ken Shankland Lorie LeJeune Jonathan Gray
   Microsoft STFC Deepak Singh Shirley Wu ISIS Computing Group Helen Berman
               Peter Binfield Benjamin Good Dorothea Salo Liz Lyons PLoS
Carole Goble Jen Dodd Lee Dirks Peter Murray-Rust Richard Akerman
   Friendfeed Chad Orzel Jon Eisen Jenny Hale Lakshmi Shastry Steve Koch NPG Ben Goldacre
 SciFoo 2008/9 Bill Flanagan Jon Tansley Michael Eisen Matt Wood
     campers           Hope Leman Rufus Pollock Victor HenningGoogle Björn Brembs
                        Allyson Lister Lisa Green TIM HUBBARD Rebecca Goulding
              Euan Adie John Andy Powell Harry Collins Gavin Bell Jim Downing
      Matt Johnson Wilbanks Mike Ellis DUNCAN HULL Garret Lisi Jamie McQuay
                   Catherine Jones
  Sabine Hossenfelder Flickr        The BioGang Gavin Baker Peter Suber
                                   Arfon Smith      Kevin Kelly Paul Walk
  Kaitlin Thaney Richard Curry                Atilla Csordas Ian Mulvany
About me.
I live in Bath




http://www.flickr.com/photos/andypowe11/3915450391
I work at RAL
I work for STFC...
But
The opinions expressed in this talk are
the personal views of the speaker
given as a private citizen and should
not unders any circumstances be
taken of as indicative of STFC, RCUK,
or government policy or of any
discussions within these organizations
of future policy....
I get up in the morning




http://www.flickr.com/photos/andypowe11/3251538402
...and catch a train




http://www.flickr.com/photos/mattbuck007/3710451826
...and a bus
...to get to work
I work on...



Wikimedia Commons                               Wikimedia Commons
Succinate_Dehydrogenase_1YQ3_and_Membrane.png   MGMT BDNA_1T38.png
...and get to do cool stuff
Mixture of small-lab work...
...and big facility experiments
Lots of reading...




http://www.flickr.com/photos/loty/326761635
...meetings...




http://www.flickr.com/photos/amagill/38961674
...too much travel...
http://www.flickr.com/photos/22819720@N02/2306780847
...which leads to
too much of this
http://flickr.com/photos/cliche/120070310/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/amagill/38961674
http://www.flickr.com/photos/loty/326761635
http://www.flickr.com/photos/mattbuck007/3710451826
http://www.flickr.com/photos/andypowe11/3251538402
http://www.flickr.com/photos/22819720@N02/2306780847
Why?
Why do they pay?




http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/US_Congress_02.jpg
Why do they pay?




http://www.flickr.com/photos/mararie/3313582639/ CC-BY-SA
Why do they pay?
        w e



http://www.flickr.com/photos/mararie/3313582639/ CC-BY-SA
Cures...




http://www.flickr.com/photos/59334544@N00/2322167178
Prestige...



http://www.flickr.com/photos/natematias/310642831 CC-BY-SA
http://www.flickr.com/photos/penmachine/2109311458/
                                                     ...excitement
Why do I do it?
Mortgage...



http://www.flickr.com/photos/joeshlabotnik/2143212474 CC-BY
...curiosity...


http://www.flickr.com/photos/emiliodelprado/225161313
Fun!




http://www.flickr.com/photos/wwworks/2908834853
This is a privilege.
Not a right.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/3947254236
But how?




http://www.flickr.com/photos/valeriebb/2248744703
But sometimes...
...formal publication




http://flickr.com/photos/nicmcphee/2756494307/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/siberianluck/3450937497
                                                      ...is overkill...
An example
9:00 am, 4 September 2008
http://usefulchem.wikispaces.com/Exp207




                                          Flickr tag: UC207
7:36	
  pm,	
  4	
  September	
  2008
Publishing is easy...
http://www.flickr.com/photos/cybershotking/329184504/
...data, documents, media...
Broadcasting is easy...
...sharing is harder




http://www.flickr.com/photos/missrogue/107787363
Interoperability is the key...




http://www.flickr.com/photos/sfllaw/222795669
Technical interoperability...




                                ...formats, vocabularies
http://www.flickr.com/photos/jeffsand/3871415191
Legal interoperability...
http://www.flickr.com/photos/spunter/3239363956
Legal interoperability...
http://www.flickr.com/photos/spunter/3239363956
Legal interoperability...
http://www.flickr.com/photos/spunter/3239363956
http://pantonprinciples.org
Formally, we recommend adopting and
acting on the following principles:

1. When publishing data make an explicit and
robust statement of your wishes.
2. Use a recognised waiver or license that is
appropriate for data.
3. If you want your data to be effectively [...] non-
commercial and other restrictive clauses should not
be used.
4. Explicit dedication of data underlying published
science into the public domain via PDDL or CCZero
is strongly recommended...
Technical     Legal
 interop.    interop.



      Process
  interoperability
Systems need to work
with existing process
...and people
Samples
Lucyʼs pcr
New buffer
oligo25
spinach digest
Yesterday
Older
Filter by user
                 Do experiment!
Capture first...




http://www.flickr.com/photos/furtwangl/3851841424
Dionaea muscipula                 Musca domestica
                     chomped on




                    ...then add structure
Map our process onto
 agreed vocabularies
...when we tell the story




http://www.flickr.com/photos/tnarik/366393127
Machines do structure

http://www.flickr.com/photos/yeowatzup/2463225297
Machines need structure

http://www.flickr.com/photos/yeowatzup/2463225297
....humans tell stories
Tools that capture the
  pieces of the research
record as we create them
Tools that capture
  structure as we choose
the pieces for our narrative
Tools that exploit structure
that is already in the process
What can we do?
Technically able to share
http://www.flickr.com/photos/yourdon/3088582622
...the whole record

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AGBell_Notebook.jpg
...but will we want to share?




http://www.flickr.com/photos/66164549@N00/2162663143
No.
The mainstream
response looks like
http://flickr.com/photos/zanotti/314391903/
...or...
http://www.flickr.com/photos/tammra/283690669/
...leading to a lot of...
http://www.flickr.com/photos/tranchis/3708549622
How do we persuade?




http://www.flickr.com/photos/mattymatt/3017263513
Actually I’m not worried...
Submissions to Genbank
100,000,000,000


 75,000,000,000


 50,000,000,000


 25,000,000,000


             0
              1982   1986   1990   1994   1998   2002   2006
Average Capacity of Human Scientist
5.00


3.75


2.50


1.25


  0
  1982     1986   1990   1994   1998   2002   2006
The human scientist
    (that’s me)
 Does. Not. Scale.
The web scales
Government doesn’t scale
http://www.flickr.com/photos/amagill/38961674




            ...research groups don’t scale
The web scales
Scientists will need to be
web-native just to survive
Web native means connected




Bollen J, Van de Sompel H, Hagberg A, Bettencourt L, Chute R, et al. (2009) Clickstream Data Yields High-
Resolution Maps of Science. PLoS ONE 4(3): e4803. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0004803
which means sharing...




http://www.flickr.com/photos/doubledareya/2443303399
“I propose the seeming paradox
that in science, private property is
     established by having its
 substance freely given to others
who might want to make use of it.”

         Merton (1988) ISIS 79:606
Not just papers
And if the objects are not
  open and available?
Open content builds
   the network
The network is the only
 way we will keep up
If we build tools that help
scientists build networks...
… then (more) open
                                   research will follow




http://flickr.com/photos/good-karma/710068054/
Cameron.Neylon@stfc.ac.uk
http://blog.openwetware.org/scienceintheopen
http://slideshare.net/cameronneylon
Twitter:     @cameronneylon
Friendfeed: cameronneylon


Thanks to:
                             Text
Sciencetwists, Friendfeeders, and the wider online
community for ideas, criticism, and conversations.


Deepak Singh, Larry Lessig, Andy Powell, and
John Wilbanks for presentation inspiration.


Flickr and Wikimedia Commons for images
Science in the Open - Science Commons Pacific Northwest

Science in the Open - Science Commons Pacific Northwest