This document discusses the power of infrastructures and infrastructures of power. It argues that infrastructures restructure available resources to create abundance. However, trust is the ultimate infrastructure layer and trust is a collective action problem that is difficult to establish. The document suggests that infrastructures need certain characteristics like broad coverage, stakeholder governance, non-discrimination, transparency and limitations on lobbying in order to build trust and ensure stability.
International Centre for Excellence in E/M GovernmentGeoff McQueen
Introduction to a proposed International Centre for Excellent in E/M Government in the Illawarra. Presented at RDA Illawarra's State of the Illawarra Regional Leader's Summit.
This presentation was provided by Geoffrey Bilder of CrossRef, during the NISO event "Sustaining Openness: Ensuring the Long Term Vitality of Open Science, OER and More,” held on September 18, 2019.
Oklahoma City: Birthplace of Strategic Doing Ed Morrison
25 years after helping to launch Oklahoma City's rebirth, I returned to celebrate. OKC is the birthplace of Strategic Doing.
From 1993-2000, I helped guide the civic leadership in the rebirth of their city. In the process, I worked on a new model of complex collaboration. It turns out we can build these complex collaborations by following a discipline of simple rules.
Here's the presentation I delivered.
International Centre for Excellence in E/M GovernmentGeoff McQueen
Introduction to a proposed International Centre for Excellent in E/M Government in the Illawarra. Presented at RDA Illawarra's State of the Illawarra Regional Leader's Summit.
This presentation was provided by Geoffrey Bilder of CrossRef, during the NISO event "Sustaining Openness: Ensuring the Long Term Vitality of Open Science, OER and More,” held on September 18, 2019.
Oklahoma City: Birthplace of Strategic Doing Ed Morrison
25 years after helping to launch Oklahoma City's rebirth, I returned to celebrate. OKC is the birthplace of Strategic Doing.
From 1993-2000, I helped guide the civic leadership in the rebirth of their city. In the process, I worked on a new model of complex collaboration. It turns out we can build these complex collaborations by following a discipline of simple rules.
Here's the presentation I delivered.
Sciencewise Energy infrastructure webinarSciencewise
In this webinar we will present the findings of public views on the topic of energy infrastructure: how does the public feel about the technologies, drivers and trade-offs behind the complex and evolving area of energy infrastructure in the UK.
For our research we have reviewed findings from public engagement activities and relevant reports, exploring public views on the supply-side of national energy infrastructure in the UK.
We will present the key messages, trends and possible gaps in current knowledge about what the public think about energy infrastructure and why. You will also hear about good practice in engaging the public around climate change and energy.
We are also keen on hearing your views and experiences in engaging the public on these issues, and discuss what good quality (local) engagement with energy infrastructure looks like.
Science advice to government - Auckland conferencebis_foresight
Presentation by Sir Mark Walport at the Science Advice to Governments conference held in Auckland, 28-29 August 2014.
(This is the final version of the presentation, as it was delivered.)
“Open Research Data: Implications for Science and Society”, Warsaw, Poland, May 28–29, 2015, conference organized by the Open Science Platform — an initiative of the Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modelling at the University of Warsaw. pon.edu.pl @OpenSciPlatform #ORD2015
Mining’s legacy: thinking beyond the mine - Ian Satchwell, International Mini...Mining On Top
Mining’s legacy: thinking beyond the mine
Speaker: Ian Satchwell, Director, International Mining for Development Centre
Mining On Top: Africa - London Summit
24-26 June 2014 | London
Kuching | Jan-15 | Research & Development Projects for Rural Community Develo...Smart Villages
Given by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Al-Khalid Haji Othman
The second in our series of workshops designed to gather input from stakeholders involved in existing off-grid projects in Africa, Asia and Latin America. This event is workshop scheduled to be held in Malaysia for the ASEAN countries will be organised by the Academy of Sciences Malaysia (ASM) in collaboration with Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS).
ORION Workshop: XSEDE and Building a National/International CyberinfrastructureJohn Towns
Title: XSEDE and Building a National/International Cyberinfrastructure
Abstract:
In this talk I will present a high level overview of XSEDE from the point of view of building a national/international scale cyberinfrastructure and the associated collaborations necessary. If nothing else, XSEDE has been an adventure in social engineering and I will comment on some of the aspects of these highly distributed and complex interactions. Along the way I will share some of the pitfalls, lessons learned and continuing challenges.
UK e-Infrastructure for Research - UK/USA HPC Workshop, Oxford, July 2015Martin Hamilton
A briefing on UK e-Infrastructure for research from Jisc and the UK research councils, presented at the UK/USA HPC workshop in July 2015, organized by HPC-SIG (UK) and CASC (USA).
Sciencewise Energy infrastructure webinarSciencewise
In this webinar we will present the findings of public views on the topic of energy infrastructure: how does the public feel about the technologies, drivers and trade-offs behind the complex and evolving area of energy infrastructure in the UK.
For our research we have reviewed findings from public engagement activities and relevant reports, exploring public views on the supply-side of national energy infrastructure in the UK.
We will present the key messages, trends and possible gaps in current knowledge about what the public think about energy infrastructure and why. You will also hear about good practice in engaging the public around climate change and energy.
We are also keen on hearing your views and experiences in engaging the public on these issues, and discuss what good quality (local) engagement with energy infrastructure looks like.
Science advice to government - Auckland conferencebis_foresight
Presentation by Sir Mark Walport at the Science Advice to Governments conference held in Auckland, 28-29 August 2014.
(This is the final version of the presentation, as it was delivered.)
“Open Research Data: Implications for Science and Society”, Warsaw, Poland, May 28–29, 2015, conference organized by the Open Science Platform — an initiative of the Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modelling at the University of Warsaw. pon.edu.pl @OpenSciPlatform #ORD2015
Mining’s legacy: thinking beyond the mine - Ian Satchwell, International Mini...Mining On Top
Mining’s legacy: thinking beyond the mine
Speaker: Ian Satchwell, Director, International Mining for Development Centre
Mining On Top: Africa - London Summit
24-26 June 2014 | London
Kuching | Jan-15 | Research & Development Projects for Rural Community Develo...Smart Villages
Given by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Al-Khalid Haji Othman
The second in our series of workshops designed to gather input from stakeholders involved in existing off-grid projects in Africa, Asia and Latin America. This event is workshop scheduled to be held in Malaysia for the ASEAN countries will be organised by the Academy of Sciences Malaysia (ASM) in collaboration with Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS).
ORION Workshop: XSEDE and Building a National/International CyberinfrastructureJohn Towns
Title: XSEDE and Building a National/International Cyberinfrastructure
Abstract:
In this talk I will present a high level overview of XSEDE from the point of view of building a national/international scale cyberinfrastructure and the associated collaborations necessary. If nothing else, XSEDE has been an adventure in social engineering and I will comment on some of the aspects of these highly distributed and complex interactions. Along the way I will share some of the pitfalls, lessons learned and continuing challenges.
UK e-Infrastructure for Research - UK/USA HPC Workshop, Oxford, July 2015Martin Hamilton
A briefing on UK e-Infrastructure for research from Jisc and the UK research councils, presented at the UK/USA HPC workshop in July 2015, organized by HPC-SIG (UK) and CASC (USA).
Research Excellence is a Neo-Colonial AgendaCameron Neylon
Talk given at the On Think Tanks meeting in Geneva in February 2019. Discusses the way in which research excellence is constructed and tends to 'internationalise' networks. Using the Sabato-Botana triangle as a model it argues for the importance of localism and the need for contextualised conceptions of excellence if research is to deliver value for the communities that support it.
Network Enabled Research: Connectivity, groups and growth in the production o...Cameron Neylon
We often talk about “research networks” for projects. Our measures of research quality are often based on networks of citations. Social media networks are increasingly important in internal and external communications of research. Usually we think about these things as external technologies that have affected how we do things. Social technologies of funding intended to drive collaboration, data collection technologies that let us think about not just one link between articles but the characteristics of the whole system, communications technologies with new possibilities. But to think of these as external effects is to miss the fact that the networks have always been there. What has changed is their density and interconnection. We can actually turn the question around. Rather than ask what impact social media networks have had on research, we should ask what changes were occurring that required something like social media to be developed? For science to continue growing, it needs more complex and larger networks to be formed. What are the characteristics of systems that support that? How do we design scholarship as networks so that it can continue to grow?
Excellence is a neo-colonial agenda...and what we can do aboutCameron Neylon
Slides from a keynote at the meeting 'Perspectives of Research Excellence in the Global South' - argues that considering research excellence as a neo-colonial agenda helps to defuse the dangers that a North Atlantic attitude to 'biblio-excellence' creates but also offers opportunities for developing and transitional countries to take a leadership role on the future of research policy
Will we still know ourselves? Identity and Community in a Transforming Knowle...Cameron Neylon
Keynote given at the NFAIS 2018 meeting in Alexandria, Virginia, USA on 28 February 2018
The world of information is transforming at a bewildering pace. The assumptions of yesterday, the stable institutions and cherished practices increasingly seem to be vanishing before our eyes. The first assumption of any new strategy seems to be “what would this look like if we built it from scratch, today”. And yet continuity matters, we don’t build new tools, institutions and practices from scratch, they evolve in a messy and contingent way from what we have available to us in the moment.
In this talk, Neylon unpicks the underlying drivers of change, and how they are coupled to a long history of how we manage information. Neylon will discuss how the different perspectives of important groups—scholars, publishers, funders, platform providers and the myriad of information professionals—lead to a partial focus that can make us simultaneously fearful of the change we see and blind to the shifts that actually matter.
If the arc of history bends towards justice then it follows that the arc of our knowledge and information environment necessarily bends towards greater scale and greater diversity. At the same time it is the values that underpin scholarship and the various ways in which we identify with the project of building knowledge, that drive us forward. If we are to take advantage of change, we need to understand what it is that must stay the same.
Beyond Open: Culture and Scaling in the Making of KnowledgeCameron Neylon
Open Access, Open Science, Open Government, Open Education. We often see these as new movements, set against an old world of broken – and closed – systems of scholarship and education. New technologies, primarily the web, have lifted the veil from our eyes to let us see this new world. If only we could build the right technology...mandate the right behavior then a new utopia of open scholarship will be upon us! The problem with this view is that it sees the disruption of the web as a one-off event that once worked through will provide a solution for all time. Framed that way this is obviously not true, but the challenge goes deeper than that. Scholarship, in its western institutionalized forms, has increased in scale continuously for at least 400 and possibly 2000 years. No social or institutional system can scale continuously over several order of magnitude. Therefore we must expect structural historical breaks.
The question is not how to fix scholarship, but how on earth it has managed to last this long? I will argue that what sits at the core of this survival is a set of normative cultural values that privilege openness. Their application has been far from perfect but the concepts of communication, criticism, civility and inclusion have deep roots in our institutions and communities. At the same time community and identity are critical to scholarship, and both of these imply exclusion and boundary work to define community. My argument is that the culture, forms and values of western scholarship have held these two tendencies in productive tension, allowing the academy to address the ongoing scaling (and consequent inclusion) problem through social, technical and economic innovation. Our challenge is not simply to solve today's problems, but to re-imagine our institutions so that they continuously generate and are able to adopt the innovations necessary to continue to solve the scaling problem into the indefinite future.
Slides for a presentation to the SCONUL conference in 2015. Focusses on the idea that there is an ongoing shift from working within life cycles to networks in the research world
Slides for a talk given at the Centro Cultural de la Ciencia in Buenos Aires on 4 September 2017. The opportunities and challenges for open research practices become more complex as those practices become common. Is open research just “good research” or is it a fundamental change in our approach? I will argue that seeing open research in oppositional terms is not productive, and that thinking of it as an ongoing process of opening up practice that has been ongoing for centuries may make implementation and adoptions easier and more rapid.
Openness in Scholarship: A return to core values?Cameron Neylon
The debate over the meaning, and value, of open movements has intensified. The fear of co-option of various efforts from Open Access to Open Data is driving a reassessment and re-definition of what is intended by “open”. In this article I apply group level models from cultural studies and economics to argue that the tension between exclusionary group formation and identity and aspirations towards inclusion and openness are a natural part of knowledge- making. Situating the traditional Western Scientific Knowledge System as a culture-made group, I argue that the institutional forms that support the group act as economic underwriters for the process by which groups creating exclusive knowledge invest in the process of making it more accessible, less exclusive, and more public-good-like, in exchange for receiving excludable goods that sustain the group. A necessary consequence of this is that our institutions will be conservative in their assessment of what knowledge-goods are worth of consideration and who is allowed within those institutional systems. Nonetheless the inclusion of new perspectives and increasing diversity underpins the production of general knowledge. I suggest that instead of positioning openness as new, and in opposition to traditional closed systems, it may be more productive to adopt a narrative in which efforts to increase inclusion are seen as a very old, core value of the academy, albeit one that is a constant work in progress.
Interpreting Shadows on the Elephant in the RoomCameron Neylon
Talk on the economics of sustainability models for scholarly communication given at ScienceEurope/LIBER workshop in Antwerp on 27 April 2017. Focuses on very fundamental issues of what happens in economic terms with scholarly communication and how cultural institutuions as well as formal institutions play a key role in supporting groups, clubs in economic terms, that take knowledge and covert to being more public like.
Sustainable Futures for Research CommunicationCameron Neylon
Slides for a talk given at Duke University on 7 October 2016. The talk focusses on political economics of scholarly publishing and routes forward to finding equitable and affordable ways to shift to Open Access.
How can we invest in future development of scholarly communications. Whose role is it and who is paying? In this talk, given at the UKSG meeting in 2016 I use the lens of culture to ask how scholarly communications needs to change, and where the opportunities lie for researchers and publishers.
No stories without evidence, no evidence without storiesCameron Neylon
Talk given at Sydney University on 4 August 2015.
Across many parts of our lives we are faced with the increasing availability of data to support decision making. With every element of the research process moving online, there are many new sources of data, as well as improved old sources of data, that can provide information on the performance, value and use of research and researchers.
But there is a problem. The proliferation of proxy data, and their naive equation with such weakly defined concepts as “quality” and “excellence”, have lead to a reliance on rankings and quantitative measures as institutional targets. More than this the adoption of these instrumental targets has lead us away from a critical discussion of institutional values, indeed of what the institution is for.
I will argue that it is only by moving away from such vague terms as “quality”, “excellence” and “impact” and focussing on institutional values and a well articulated mission that institutions of scholarship will continue to be relevant for the future. It is through interrogating the goals of the institution that the enormous potential resource of data on the research enterprise can be realised. Using the data effectively will allow us a window on how knowledge actually moves and is used. In combination with a clear sense of institutional goals this provides great opportunities for institutions to differentiate themselves from the pack.
From research life cycle to networks: The role of the libraryCameron Neylon
Google for "research life cycle" and you'll find a million images. Everyone has their own cycle, not all of them compatible. In this talk I argue that we need to move from a cycle conception of research information flows towards one based on networks. The library has the skills and values to act as a professional guide to this terriroty.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
The Power of Infrastructures and the Infrastructures of Power
1. The Power of Infrastructures
and
the Infrastructures of Power
Cameron Neylon - @cameronneylon - http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0068-716X
The Centre for Culture & Technology, Curtin University of Technology
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of Technology
CRICOS Provider Code 00301J
19. 19
infrastructure |ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə|
noun
the basic physical and organizational structures and
facilities (e.g. buildings, roads, power supplies)
needed for the operation of a society or enterprise. the
social and economic infrastructure of a country.
Oxford English Dictionary
Fair use/Fair Dealing asserted
86. The Power of Infrastructures
and
the Infrastructures of Power
Cameron Neylon - @cameronneylon - http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0068-716X
The Centre for Culture & Technology, Curtin University of Technology
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of Technology
CRICOS Provider Code 00301J