Introductory unit for MS plant science

1. Basic Parts of the Plant
Roots
Stems
Leaves
Flower

2. Leaves
1. Make food through photosynthesis
2. Provide site of gas exchange
3. Store food

3. Roots
1. Anchor Plant
2. Absorb water and minerals
3. Translocate water and minerals to
stem
4. Store Food

4. 2 main types of Roots

5. Different type of Roots
A. Tap Root
◦ Continuation of the primary root
◦ Ideal for anchorage
◦ Penetration is greater for water
◦ Storage area for food made by photosynthesis

6. Different type of Roots
B. Fibrous Roots
◦ Many finely branched secondary
roots
◦ Shallow roots cover a large area
 More effective absorption of
water and minerals
 Roots hold the soil to prevent
erosion

7. Roots
Root hairs:
◦ Tiny one celled hair like
extensions of the
epidermal cells located
near the tips of the
roots where vascular
tissues have formed.
◦ Increase surface area
◦ Absorb water and
minerals from soil

8. Stems
1. Translocate water, minerals and food
to the leaves
2. Support the leaves and display them
to light
3. Store Food

9. Specialized Stems
B. Bulb (tulips, lillies, onions)
◦ Layers of fleshy scales that overlap each other
◦ Underground stem

10. Specialized Stems
C. Tuber (potato, caladium)
◦ Food storage area
◦ Short, thick underground stem

12. Flowers
1. Contain organs for specialized sexual
production
2. Produce seeds and fruit

13. Parts of the Flower
Sepals
◦ Outer covering of
the flower bud
◦ Protects the
stamens and pistils
when flower is in
bud stage

14. Parts of the Flower
Petals
◦ Brightly colored
◦ Protects stamen and pistils
◦ Attracts pollinating insects

15. Parts of the Flower
Stamens
◦ Male Reproductive
part
◦ Anther-produces
pollen
◦ Filament-supports
the anther

16. Parts of the Flower
Pistil
◦ Female reproductive
part
◦ Ovary
 Enlarged portion at
base of pistil
 Produces ovules which
develop into seeds
◦ Stigma
 Holds the pollen
grains

17. Parts of the Flower
Style
◦ Connects the
stigma with ovary
◦ Supports the
stigma so that it
can be pollinated

18. Complete and Incomplete Flowers
Complete: have all four main parts
◦ Sepals
◦ Petals
◦ Stamens
◦ Pistils