This document provides an overview of the 48th International Conference of the Architectural Science Association held in Genoa, Italy from December 10-13, 2014. It includes the conference theme of promoting collaboration between academia, practice, and industry in architectural research. It lists the 56 papers presented across 15 research areas. It also acknowledges the international review committee, conference steering committee, and organizing committee who made the conference possible.

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ACROSS: Architectural Research through to Practice
48th
International Conference of the Architectural Science Association (ANZAScA)
Edited by
FRANCESCA MADEO & MARC AUREL SCHNABEL

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ACROSS: Architectural Research through to Practice
48th
International Conference of the Architectural Science Association (ANZAScA)
Edited by Francesca Madeo & Marc Aurel Schnabel
Hosted by:
Department of Architectural Science
Polytechnic School – University of Genoa
During 10-13 December 2014
www.anzasca.net Genoa University Press
© 2014 – All rights reserved and published by:
The Architectural Science Association (ANZAScA), Australia &
Genova University Press, Italy
ISBN 978-0-9923835-1-0
Printed in Italy
Cover Design: Serdar Aydin

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FOREWORD
The Architectural Science Association (ASA) is an international organization,
the objective of which is to promote architectural science, theory and prac-
tice primarily in relation to teaching and research in institutions of higher
education. It was formerly known as Australian and New Zealand Architec-
tural Science Association (ANZAScA) and was formed in 1963. Since 1966,
annual conferences are held and this year for the first time the conference is
being held for the first time in Europe by the Department of Architectural
Science of the Polytechnic School of the University of Genoa, Italy during
10-13 December 2014.
These proceedings contain 56 papers (plus two Keynote-papers) that have
been accepted for presentation at Across: Architectural Research through to
Practice - 48th
International Conference of the Architectural Science Associ-
ation. All papers can be downloaded from the ASA-Website
(http://anzasca.net).
This publication is the culmination of an intensive selection process, in-
volving the tireless work of a team of dedicated volunteers. Nearly 200 ab-
stracts were received in response to the call for paper in early 2014. These
underwent initial review by the International Review Committee, who invit-
ed 150 abstracts for further development. Of these, 105 full papers were
submitted to the final review stage. A double-peer review of each paper was
carried out by at least two international reviewers drawn from an interna-
tional team. Following their recommendations, 60 papers were accepted for
publication.
In our roles as Academic Chair and Senior Advisor, we would like to
congratulate the authors: their papers presented in this publication are exem-
plars of the synergy possible between practice and research in the true spirit
of conference theme “Across; Architectural Research through to Practice”.
We would also like to take this opportunity to express sincere gratitude to
the following parties and people without whose involvement this conference
would not have been possible: first and foremost the Architectural Science
Association for entrusting the responsibility of organizing this 48th
Confer-
ence. Prof Veronica Soebarto, Chair of the Architectural Science Associa-
tion, for the advice freely given and gratefully received through the course of
the year relating to the organisation of the conference itself; Prof Maria Lin-
da Falcidieno, Director of the Department of Architectural Science, Univer-
sità degli Studi di Genova, for hosting the 48th
International Conference of
the Architectural Science Association; Serdar Aydin, the Chinese University
of Hong Kong, for his dedication in the role of webmaster of the conference,
and for his talent in generating the outstanding graphic work, which is such
an integral part of the conference; Chiara Piccardo and Katia Perini, De-
partment of Architectural Science of the Polytechnic School of Genoa, for

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their tireless work in putting into place the logistics of the Conference; An-
drea Vian, main responsible for the IT support at the Department of Archi-
tectural Science of the Polytechnic School of Genoa for his continuous help
in whichever matter of urgency; and last but not least, a very special thanks
to Prof Fausto Novi, Department of Architectural Science of the Polytechnic
School of Genoa, whose unstinting support made possible the hosting of this
event at his Department with its rich historical context in the heart of a me-
dieval city serving as the perfect backdrop to what appears to be a most ex-
citing conference. We firmly believe that these proceedings and the present-
ed research within spark novel ideas and contribute to the advancement of
knowledge in the field of Architectural Science.
F. Madeo and M.A Schnabel (Editors), December 2014

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CONFERENCE THEME
“Across: Architectural Research through to Practice” is the theme of the
2014 - 48th
International Conference of the Architectural Science Associa-
tion (ANZAScA). Architectural research occupies the overlap between the
realms of academia and practice. Each of these realms operates in slightly
different ways in advancing the aims of research. Much could be gained
through greater collaboration and knowledge sharing so that the two realms
complement each other in achieving the overall objective. Neither should be
privileged over the other as a superior form of research. Reaching ‘across’
disciplines, professions and realms, continents and cultures the conference
aims to build on the synergies to spark novel insight in the various research
topics of the Architectural Science Community.
Subsequently, the aim of the conference is to present papers, posters and
other contributions from multidisciplinary realms which promote the ad-
vancement of architectural research and focus on the positive outcomes of
the collaboration between academia, practice and industry.
Contributions in the following groupings of research-areas were sought:
i) Design Education & Design Research, ii) Construction, Material & Tech-
nology, iii) Architecture & Social Research, iv) Environmental & Landscape
Architecture, v) Theory, Philosophy & Methodology, vi) Interface between
Research & Industry, vii) Façade Design, viii) Generative, Parametric &
Evolutionary Architecture, ix) BIM & City Information Modelling, x)
Modes of Production & Mass Customization, xi) Buildings & Energy, xii)
Architecture & Environmental Sustainability, xiii) Thermal Comfort, Light-
ing & Acoustic, xiv) Simulation, Prediction, & Evaluation, and last but not
least xv) Interactive Environments & Collaboration. In these proceedings
these areas form a chapter each. The groupings not exclusive, but act as plat-
form of cross-disciplinary endeavours and stimulation.

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INTERNATIONAL REVIEW COMMITTEE
Sergio Altomonte University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
Mary Myla Andamon RMIT University, Australia
Serdar Aydin The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Giacomo Cassinelli University of Genoa, Italy
Robert Crawford The University of Melbourne, Australia
Mark Dewsbury University of Tasmania, Australia
Francesco Fiorito The University of Sydney, Australia
Giovanni Galli University of Genoa, Italy
Walter Grondzik Ball State University, United States
Dustin Headley Kansas State University, United States
Dominique Hes The University of Melbourne, Australia
Peter Horan Deakin University, Australia
Richard Hyde The University of Sydney, Australia
Nigel Isaacs Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
Chris Jensen The University of Melbourne, Australia
Mark Luther Deakin University, Australia
Francesca Madeo The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Guy Marriage Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
Chris Murphy Unitec Institute of Technology, New Zealand
Gregory Nolan University of Tasmania, Australia
Fusto Novi University of Genoa, Italy
Mark Olweny Uganda Martyrs University, Uganda
Michael Ostwald The University of Newcastle, Australia
Julian Rennie Unitec Institute of Technology, New Zealand
Marc Aurel Schnabel The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Veronica Soebarto The University of Adelaide, Australia
Susan Wake Unitec Institute of Technology, New Zealand
CONFERENCE STEERING COMMITTEE
Francesca Madeo The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China
Fausto Novi University of Genoa, Italy
Veronica Soebarto President ASA, University of Adelaide, Australia
Mark Luther Vice President ASA, Deakin University, Australia
Chris Murphy Unitec Institute of Technology, New Zealand
CONFERENCE ORGANISING COMMITTEE
Francesca Madeo Conference Chair, Chinese University of Hong Kong
Fausto Novi University of Genoa, Italy
Marc Aurel Schnabel The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Chiara Piccardo University of Genoa, Italy
Katia Perini University of Genoa, Italy
Dominique Hes, University of Melbourne, Australia
Susan Wake Unitec Institute of Technology, New Zealand
Serdar Aydin Design & Webmaster, Chinese University of HK
Andrea Vian IT -Support, University of Genoa, Italy

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CONTENTS
Foreword v
Conference Theme vii
Committees viii
ACROSS: Architectural Research through to Practice 1
F. Madeo
Keynotes 5
1. Footbridges as instruments for urban generation 9
Enzo Siviero et al
2. Façade design Innovations and the façade design process for 21
a super high rise tower in the middle east
Robert Stephens
Design Education & Design Research 31
3. The Perceived Effect of Digital Design Technology on Student 35
Learning in Architectural Technology
Nicholas Charles Foulcher, Ning Gu, Hedda Haugen Askland
4. The Design Grotesque 47
Dustin Headley and Simon Bussiere
5. Sketching And Communicating Design Intent: 59
An Analysis of Technology
Eliel De La Cruz and Martin Tomitsch
6. Learning-by-Making in Building Science Education 71
Mark Dewsbury, Tim Law and Louise Wallis
Construction, Material & Technology 83
7. Learning to “Sustain” trough the Culture of Recycle 87
Ausiello Gigliola and Maione Carmen
8. Structure, Form & Construction: Fabric Formwork for Concrete 99
Remo Pedreschi and Daniel S.H. Lee
9. The Strange Case of the Architect and the Revival of the 111
Industrialised Building Systems
Fausto Novi and Chiara Piccardo
10. Why Isn’t It Working? The Rise and Fall of the Financial 123
Assistance Package in the Repair of Leaking Buildings in NZ
Chris Murphy

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Architecture & Social Research 135
11. Perceived Knowledge in Operating a Passivhaus: 139
Research in Progress Paper
Jing Zhao and Kate Carter
12. Spatio-Visual Patterns in Architecture: 151
An Analysis of Living Rooms in Frank Lloyd Wright’s Houses
Michael J. Dawes and Michael. J. Ostwald
13. Shared Spaces in a Student Dorm: Post Occupancy Evaluation 163
Iman Khajehzadeh and Brenda Vale
14. Architectural Landmarks & the Evolving Image of Perth City 175
Rachel Pages-Oliver
Environmental & Landscape Architecture 185
15. A Parametric Approach to Connectivity Relations in the 189
Planning of Traditional Chinese Private Gardens
Rongrong Yu, Michael J. Ostwald and Ning Gu
16. Beyond Water: Infrastructural Prevention of Flooding 201
Michele Manzella, Roberto Bottazzi and Theo Zaffagnini
17. Architecture and Nature: A Mixture of Fascination and 213
Environmental Impact Assessment
Adriano Magliocco
Theory, Philosophy & Methodology 223
18. Reading Interior Space: Examining the relationship between 227
actual enclosure and perceived enclosure
Annemarie S. Dosen, Michael J. Ostwald and Ken Sutton
19. Between The User and the Building: 239
A Review of Methods for Analysing Inhabited Space
R. Creagh, S. Mcgann, M. Tye, J. Jancey, R. Pages-Oliver
20. A Method to Code Shifting Semiotic States in Design 251
Darin Phare, Ning Gu, Michael J. Ostwald, Tony Williams
Interface between Research & Industry 263
21. Form and Policy: HL23 and the Shape of Real Estate 267
Per-Johan Dahl

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22. Risk in Translating Research Outcomes into Practice: 279
A case study in managing risk when introducing new
construction techniques into design and construction practice
Gregory Nolan, Jon Shanks and Geoff Clark
23. Towards a New Framework for Improving the Environmental 291
Performance of Demountable Classrooms: A Study in New
South Wales, Australia
Ben Slee and Richard Hyde
24. Research and Practice - The European High-Speed 303
Station: Cyclic Design Process In Complex Interventions
Manuela Triggianese
Façade Design 315
25. Innovation by Design? 319
The Answer of Three Australian Iconic Building Envelopes
Marianna Nigra and Giorgio Marfella
26. Glass Façades Design Process: Interviewing the Experts 331
Benedetta Marradi and Mauro Overend
27. How Plants Regulate Heat: 343
Biomimetic Inspirations for Building Skins
Salma El Ahmar and Antonio Fioravanti
28. Textile Shading Mesh: Heat Control by Shading 355
Camila Manfredi, Ricardo Martinez and Gaston Herrera
Generative, Parametric & Evolutionary Architecture 367
29. Autonomous Architecture via Bodrum’s Building Codes and 371
Housing Types
Hatice Özgul Özhisar
30. New Digital Housing Typologies: CNC Fabrications of CLT 383
Structure & BIM Cladding: Design & Fabrication of the
Warrander Studio
Guy Marriage and Ben Sutherland
31. The Cork Vault Pavilion: A Design Research through Practice 395
Pedro de Azambuja Varela, Alexandra Paio, José Pedro. Sousa
32. Computational Morphogenesis Applied to the Church of 405
Longuelo: Reflections upon a possible parametric inter-
pretation of the original design concepts
Alessandro Liuti and Alberto Pugnale

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BIM & City Information Modelling 417
33. Teaching Building Information Modelling in an Architectural 421
School
Alcinia Z. Sampaio
34. Integrating the Tectonics in Architecture Design: 433
A study on the view of structural performance design
work-flow for agent-based architecture
Yongheng Hu and Qinying Li
35. Digital Influences: A methodology for assessing the impact of 443
digital design technology on the design & construction of the
built environment
Mark Donofrio and Erin Fox
Modes of Production & Mass Customization 453
36. Home and Away: An experiential University design/build 457
program converts the creative opportunities of digital fabrication
into socially productive & environmentally sustainable outcomes
Richard Burnham and Kyle Holmstrom
37. Re-Emerging Designer-Maker Roles In Digital Design 469
and Construction With Timber
Jon Shanks, Peter Booth and Gregory Nolan
38. From Vernacular to Personalized and Sustainable 479
Nehal Almerbati, Peter Ford, Ahmad Taki and Lionel Dean
39. Prefabricated Modular Housing: A Case Study 491
Jeremy J Ham and Mark B. Luther
Buildings & Energy 501
40. Energy Retrofit Towards Net Zeb: 505
Application of BIPV on an Apartment Block in Southern Italy
Gianpiero Evola and Giuseppe Margani
41. Key Predictors of Annual Electricity Use in High-Rise 517
Residential Apartments in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Tahmina Ahsan, Veronica Soebarto and Terence Williamson
42. Applications of a Methodology for a Sustainable 529
Requalification Project
Renata Morbiducci and Clara Vite
43. Reflective Subfloor Insulation Installed to Contemporary 541
Industry Practice: An empirical validation study
Mark Dewsbury, Detlev Geard and Clare Dunlop

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Architecture & Environmental Sustainability 553
44. Quantifying the Changing Visual Experience of Architecture: 557
Combining Movement with Visual Complexity
Josephine Vaughan and Michael J. Ostwald
45. Indoor Environmental Quality and User Satisfaction in 569
Green Certified Buildings
Sergio Altomonte and Stefano Schiavon
46. Developing a Conceptual Model for Passive Cooling in 581
Buildings in the Tropics: A Study of Maritime Museum
U. Rajapaksha, A. Gunasekara, I. Rajapaksha and R. Hyde
47. Sustainable Design Practice and Greenwash Effect: 593
The Case of Vegetated Architecture
Katia Perini and Fausto Novi
Thermal Comfort, Lighting & Acoustics 605
48. Natural Ventilation Heuristics In High-Rise Residential 609
Buildings: Evaluation And Prediction
S. Omrani, R. Drogemuller, V. Garcia Hansen and B. Capra
49. Natural Ventilation Strategies In Near-Zero-Energy Building: 619
A design primer for students and professionals
Michael P.G. Haslam and Anthony Farrell
50. Investigating and Understanding CO2 Concentrations in 631
School Classrooms
Mark B. Luther and Peter Horan
51. Comfort in Australian Offices: Beyond the Models? 643
Mark B. Luther and Astrid Roetzel
Simulation, Prediction & Evaluation 655
52. Urban Quality of University Campuses: 659
Curitiba and Lisbon as Case Studies
Jussara M. Silva, Luísa Cannas Da Silva, Teresa V. Heitor
53. Shaping Vibrant Urban Places In Chinese Inner-City Station 671
Areas: A Case Study of Beijing West Station Area
Xialu Wang
54. Comparing the Properties of Different Space Syntax 683
Techniques for Analysing Interiors
Peiman A. Behbahani, Ning Gu and Michael J. Ostwald

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55. A Systematic Post-Occupancy Evaluation in Green-Rated 695
High-Rise Office Buildings
Jin Woo
Interactive Environments & Collaboration 707
56. Learning to Change: Transformative Learning in Architecture 711
Lara Mackintosh
57. The Itur Safety Kit: From prototyping to manufacturing of an 723
off-grid lighting de-vice to be retrofitted within existing
industrial metal stairs for STF prevention
Elena Vanz and Justyna Karakiewicz
58. ModRule: Using Gamification for Collaborative 733
Mass-Housing Design Process
Tian Tian Lo, Marc Aurel Schnabel, Serdar Aydin, Kaixia Shi
Author Index 745