forensic linguistics

1. FORENSIC LINGUISTICS
PRESENTED BY
Priya Singh and
Anu Priya Singh

2. Linguistics
The scientific study of language and its structure, including the study of
grammar, syntax, and phonetics. Specific branches of linguistics include
sociolinguistics, dialectology, psycholinguistics, computational linguistics
comparative linguistics, and structural linguistics.

3. Types of linguistics
• Phonetics - the study of speech sounds in their physical aspects.
• Phonology - the study of speech sounds in their cognitive aspects.
• Morphology - the study of the formation of words.
• Syntax - the study of the formation of sentences.
• Semantics - the study of meaning.
• Pragmatics - the study of language use.
• Etymology
• Stylistics
• Computational linguistics
• Linguistic philosophy
• Philosophy of language (not the same as linguistic philosophy but the bigger set

4. • Zoolinguistics
• Text lingustics
• Discourse and conversation analysis
• Non-verbal communication theory (including kinesics, paralanguage,
haptics, chronemics etc.)

5. Branches of linguistics
The main branches of linguistics are:
• Historical linguistics
• Geographical linguistics
• Descriptive linguistics
• Comparative and contrastive linguistics
• Psycholinguistics
• Sociolinguistics
• Ethnolinguistics
• Syntactic/Grammar
• Semantics
• Pragmatics
• Dialectology
• Morphology
• Phonetics
• Phonemics

6. Forensic linguistics
• Forensic linguistics, legal linguistics, or language and the law, is the
application of linguistic knowledge, methods and insights to the forensic
context of law, language, crime investigation, trial, and judicial procedure. It
is a branch of applied linguistics
• Applied linguistics is an interdisciplinary field which identifies, investigates,
and offers solutions to language-related real-life problems. Some of the
academic fields related to applied linguistics are education, psychology,
communication research, anthropology, and sociology.
• The term 'forensic linguistics' is used for the first time by the linguistics
professor Jan Svartvik (1968) in his book “The Evans Statements: A Case for
Forensic Linguistics”. In the 1980s, Australian linguists discussed the
application of linguistics and sociolinguistics to legal issues.

7. What forensic expert do?
Forensic linguists analyze written and auditory documents, and observe
speech, to verify authenticity when solving crimes or going through criminal
cases. ... Forensic linguists typically provide their services to law enforcement,
government agencies, or law firms.

8. Focus of forensic linguistics

9. There are principally three areas of application for linguists working in
forensic contexts:
1. understanding language of the written law,
2. understanding language use in forensic and judicial processes, and
3. the provision of linguistic evidence.

10. TYPES OF CASE THAT FORENSIC
LINGUISTICS OFTEN DEAL:
• authorship identification
• plagiarism
• word meaning
• trademark
• criminal activities (bribery, extortion, solicitation, etc.)
• contract disputes/ insurance/ fraud, etc.
• jury instructions
• non-English language cases
• perjury
• copyright infringement
• plain language
• legal language.

11. Application of forensic LINGUISTIC
• analysis of meaning of words in contracts, statutes, and laws
• the search for "ordinary meaning"
• analysis of meaning of non-language symbols (e.g., cross-burning)
• speech-act analysis of language claimed to constitute confessions, threats,
and conspiracy
• analysis of covert tape recordings
• lipreading interpretations of videotapes
• secret language and code analysis; slang and jargon
• establishment of possible authors of documents through grammatical and
stylistic analysis (e.g., could person X have authored document Y?)
• analysis of presuppositions in questions by investigators and attorneys
• schema analysis in linguistic processing
• language and memory
• readability and information presentation of instructions and warnings
• sociolinguistic analysis of code-switching, forms of address, convergence
and divergence

12. THANK YOU