The document lists various revolts and uprisings in the Philippines against Spanish rule from the 16th century onwards. It provides the causes and leaders of each revolt, including efforts to regain freedom and protest oppression, taxes and forced labor. It also outlines the growth of the Philippine nationalist movement in the 19th century through organizations like La Solidaridad, La Liga Filipina and Katipunan, and key documents like the Biyak-na-Bato constitution. The Spanish-American war resulted in the United States gaining control of the Philippines.

3. Avemaria college
Cause: Lavezaris’ Reversal
of Legazpi’s Sulayman
Leaders: Lakandula and Sulayman

4. Avemaria college
Cause: Abuses of Encomenderos
Proponents: Pampangueño leaders

5. Avemaria college
Cause: Regain Lost Freedom
Leaders: Agustin Legaspi (nephew of Lakandula)
Martin Pangan (gobernadorcillo of Tondo)
Magat Salamat (son of Lakandula)
Juan Banal (Tondo Chief)
Geronimo Basi (Agustin Legaspi’s brother)
Esteban Taes (Bulacan Chief)
Pedro Balinguit (Pandacan Chief)
Pitonggatan (Tondo Chief)
Felipe Salonga Polo Chief)
Dioniso Fernadez (Japanese Christian interpreter)
Conspirator:Antonio Surabao and Pedro Sarmiento
Retaliator: Governor General Santiago de Vera

6. Cause: Tribute
Avemaria college
Leader: Magalat
Conspirator: Filipino natives
Retaliator: Governor Francisco Tello
Cause: Tribute

7. Avemaria collegeCause: Refusal to
Accept New Religion
Leaders: Gabriel Dayag
Felix Catubay
Peace Advocate:
Fr. Pedro de Santo Tomas
Cause: Oppression of Spanish
Officials

8. Avemaria college
Cause: Return to Native Religion
Leader: Tamblot- a babaylan
Retaliator: Don Juan de Alcarazo
Cause: Return to Native Religion
Leaders: Bankaw –aged chieftain of Limasawa
Pagali-babaylan

9. Avemaria college
Leader: Pedro Ladia, descendant of Rajah Matan
Peace Advocate: Fr. Cristobal enriquez
Cause: Spanish Oppression
Cause: Controversial Decree to Send Carpenters
to the Cavite Shipyard
Leader: Dabao- Manobo Chieftain

10. Avemaria college
Leader: Juan Sumuroy
Cause: Forced Labor
Leader: Don Francisco Maniago- Chief in Mexico Village
Cause: frequent Recruitment of Men to Cut Timber in the
Mountains and Bandala
Peace Negotiator: Governor Manque de Lara

11. Avemaria college
Leader: Andres Malong
Cause: Spanish Oppression and the Desire to Replace
the Spaniards as Personal Rulers of the People
Retaliator: Don Felipe de Ugalde
Don Francisco Esteban
Leader: Pedro Gumapos
Cause:Continue Andres Malong’s Revolt (1661)

12. Avemaria college
Cause: Personal Ambitions
Leader: Pedro Almazan
Cause:Found a New Religion Under Native Supervisi
Leader : Tapay

13. Avemaria college
Cause: Refusal to Give His Brother a Christian Burial
Leader: Francisco Dagohoy
Retaliator: Governor Mariano Ricafort
Cause:His Improsenment, Abusive Government Officials, Heavy
Taxation
Leader: Diego Silang
Retaliator: Miguel VicosLeader: Gabriela Silang
Retaliator:Don Manuel de Arza

14. Avemaria college
Cause: Tribute, Spain’s Loss of Prestige Due
the British Occupation of Manila
Leader: Juan de la Cruz Palaris
Retaliator: Don Mariano de Arza
Cause: Wine Monopoly 1786

15. Avemaria college
Cause: Abolition of the Liberal Spanish Constitution
Leader: Simon Tomas
Cause: Feeling of Distrust between the Peninsulares
and Creoles
Leaders: Manuel Bayot
Jose Bayot
Joaquin Bayot

16. Avemaria college
Cause: Religious Freedom
Prominent: Apolinario de la Cruz A.K.A. Hermano Pule
Cause: Invasion of Mindanao and Sulu,
Preservation of Islam and the love and
adventure arising from the spoils of wars.

17. Avemaria college
Factors that give rise to the Filipino
Nationalism:
1. Spread of liberalism.
2. Sentiments against principles.
3. Racial prejudice.
4. Cultural changes.
5. Secularization controversy.
6. Cavite Mutiny of 1872.

18. Avemaria college
Aim: Peaceful Assimilation
Reforms:
1. Equality of the Spaniardsa nd Filipinos before the Laws
2. Restoration of the Philippine representation in the
Spanish Cortes
3. Secularization of Philippine parishes and expulsion of
friars
4. Human rights for Filipinos

19. Avemaria college
Propaganda Movement
Leaders:
Marcelo H. del Pilar
Graciano Lopez Jaena
Jose Rizal
Pedro A. Paterno
Antonio Luna
Pedro Serrano Laktaw
Isabelo de los Reyes
Spanish Friends: 1. Juan Atayde
2. Professor Miguel Morayta

20. Avemaria college
La Solidaridadwas established by Graciano
Lopez Jaena on December 31, 1888 in
Barcelona.
La Liga Filipina was founded by Jose
Rizal on July 3,1892 at Doroteo
Ongjunco, Tondo, Manila.
Objectives: Unification of the whole archipelago into
one compact, vigotrous, and
homogeneous body
Defense against violence and injustice
Encouragement of instruction, agricultur and commerce
Study and implementation of reforms

21. Avemaria college
Kataastaasan Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng
mga Anak ng Bayan was formed on July 7, 1892 led
by Andres Bonifacio.
-revolutionary society
- A government
• Sanguniang Bayan- province
• Sanguniang Balangay- town

22. Avemaria college
La Semilla
Gregoria de Jesus
Benita Rodriguez
Josefa Rizal
Trinidad Rizal
Kalayaan
-newspaper of the Katipunan

23. Avemaria college
Teodoro Patiño
-betrayed by telling the secrecy to Father Mariano
Gil on August 19, 1896
Cry of Balintawak
“Long Live the Philippine! Long live the
Katipunan”
On, August 29, 1896,Melchora Aquino was
arrested

24. Avemaria college
Magdalo Council
- headed by Baldomero Aguinaldo
Magdiwang Council
-headed by Mariano Alvarez

25. Avemaria college
Provincial Constitution of the Philippine
Republic aimed for separation of the
Philippines from Spanish Monarchy and
the formation of an independent state

26. Avemaria college
 BIYAK –NA-BATO
July 2 1897, President Aguinaldo issued a proclamation in
which the revolutionary demands were listed:
1. the expulsion of the friars and the return of the lands to the
Filipinos they appropriated themselves.
2. Representation in the Spanish Cortes
3. Freedom of the press and tolerance of all religious sects.
4. equal treatment and pay for civil servants.
5. Abolition of the power of the government to banish citizens
6. Legal equality for all persons.
November 1,1897, the Biyak-na-Bato Constitution was signed and
promulgated.

27. Avemaria college
 THE PACT OF BIYAK-NA-BATO
December 14 to December 15, 1897, the Pact of Biak-na-
Bato was signed. Consisting of three documents, it called
for the following agenda:
1. Program (first document):
1. The surrender of Aguinaldo and the rest of the
revolutionary corps.
2. Amnesty for those who participated in the revolution..
3. Exile to Hong Kong for the revolutionary leadership.
4. Payment by the Spanish government of $400,000 (Mexican
peso) to the revolutionaries in three installments: $200,000
(Mexican peso) upon leaving the country, $100,000 (Mexican
peso) upon the surrender of at least 700 firearms, and another
$200,000 (Mexican peso) upon the declaration of general
amnesty

28. Avemaria college
2. “Act of Agreement”
reiterated the granting of general amnesty to the rebels
who would lay down their arms.
3. The third document contais “Contains the questions of
indemnity.
Primo de Revera would pay the additional sum of
P900,000 to the families of non-combatant Filipinos who
were caught in the cross fire and suffered injury during the
armed conflict.
 FAILURE OF THE PACT OF BIYAK-NA-BATO
The failure of the Pact was that certain provisions
were not faithfully followed by both parties.

29. Avemaria college
The Spanish American War broke out on April
25,1898 and ended on August 12 of the same
year.
Reasons for Spanish American war
1.Cuban struggle for independence
2.Efforts of the Americans to extend influence
overseas
3.Sinking of the U.S. warship Maine

30. Avemaria college
 Commodore Dewey of America began the battle on May 1, 1898.
 On ay 21, Dewey urged the people to rise in arms and join the American in
a common struggle against the Spaniards.
 On May 24, 1898, Aguinaldo established a dictatorial government to
revoke the authority of Biak-na-Bato and unite the revolutionary forces.
 Dewey squadron dominated the bay thus the Spaniards were trapped in
within the city walls. Aguinaldo’s men had cut of the supply and water
during the seige
 Dewey demanded the surrender of Manila on August 7 and consequently,
the Spanish governor honorably conceded.