Resumen del tema 2

2. What does weather mean?
Weather refers to the atmospheric conditions at a specific moment, such as
today. Climate is the general temperature and the precipitation we can
expect because of the region we live in.
The weather forecast tells us
what the weather will be like in
different places.
Meteorologists use maps with
symbols.

3. Why are there different climates?
Water affects climate. It takes longer to heat
up and cool down than land. This means that
temperature changes are slower and more
moderate than areas which are far away from
water.
Altitude is the height of the land above sea level.
Mountainous regions have higher altitudes than plains or
valleys.
Climate affects human activity and where
people live.

4. What climates are there on Earth?
There are many climate zones on Earth, but we can classify
them into three general categories: hot climates, temperate
climates, and cold climates.

5. Classifying climates
Temperate climates
Oceanic climates
have mild
temperatures all
year long.
Mediterranean
climates have mild
winters and hot
summers.
Continental
climates have cold
winters and hot
summers.
Hot climates
Equatorial climates
have high
temperatures and a
lot of precipitation.
Tropical climates
have high
temperatures all year.
Desert climates have
very little
precipitation all year.
Cold climates
Mountain climates
are cold.
Polar climates have
very low
temperatures.

6. What climates are there in Spain?
Oceanic climate
Temperatures are
mild all year, and
there’s usually a
lot of
precipitation.
Mountain climate
Winters are cold
and summers are
mild.
Subtropical
climate
Temperatures are
high all year, and
there isn’t a lot of
precipitation.
Mediterranean
climate Summers
are hot and winters
are mild. There isn’t
a lot of precipitation,
but there can be
torrential rains.
Continental
Mediterranean
climate
Temperatures can
be extreme, with
very cold winters
and very hot
summers.

7. Why are climates changing?
This makes it more difficult for heat to escape and it is reflected back onto the
Earth’s surface, causing global warming. We call this climate change.
The Earth’s atmosphere is being
filled up with waste gases
produced by industry,
deforestation and pollution from
motor vehicles. We also consume
large amounts of fuel in our
homes.

8. What are the consequences of the climate
change?
Higher sea levels: the ice in the polar
regions is melting. As a result, the seas
and oceans are receiving more water.
More extreme weather: in hot climate
zones, extremely hot weather causes
violent storms.
Drought: little or no precipitation
for a long time causes droughts.
As a result, there isn’t enough
water for plants and animals to
live.
Extinction: sometimes plants
and animals disappear or
become extinct.

9. What have we learnt?
Oceanic
What climates are on Earth?…
Polar
Mediterra-
nean
Continental
Mountain
Equatorial
Tropical
Desert

10. What have we learnt?
pollution industry
Some of the multiple causes of climate change are…
fuel

11. What have we learnt?
deforestation extinction
The consequences of climate change are…
higher sea
level
extreme
weather
droughts