Biosensers are the integrated receptor transducer device, which is capable of providing selective quantitative or semi-quantitative analytic information using a biological recognition element. Analytical device. Contains Biological or Biological derived recognition element to detect specific bio-analyte a transducer to convert a biological signal into an electrical signal.

1. SJM College of Pharmacy,
Chitradurga
Prepare By,
Adarsh Patil
Ass Professor(Pharmacognosy)
SJM College of Pharmacy
1
PHARMACEUTICAL
BIOTECHNOLOGY

2. BIOSENSERS
Biosensers are the integrated receptor transducer device, which is
capable of providing selective quantitative or semi-quantitative
analytic information using a biological recognition element.
• Analytical device.
• Contains Biological or Biological derived recognition element to
detect specific bio-analyte a transducer to convert a biological
signal into an electrical signal.

7. Ideal Biosensor:
1. Linearity
2. Sensitivity
3. Selectivity
4. Stability
5. Limit of detection

8. Components of Biosensors:

10. 1. Analyte: Substance of Interest that needs detection
Ex: Glucose is an analye in detection of Glucose
Cholesterol is an analyte in detection of Cholesterol
2. Bioreceptor : A molecule that specifically recognises the analyte
Ex: Enzymes, cells, DNA, & Antibodies, Aptamer( Singal stranded
DNA).
When analyte reacts with biosensors there will be change in Ph,
Heat, Light or mass change this known as Bio-Recognition.

11. 3. Transducer: Element which converts one form of energy into
another.
• Here role of transducer is to convert Bio recognition events into a
measurable Signals.
• Process of energy conversion is known as Signalisation.
• Most of the transducers produces either optical or electronic signals
that are usually proportional to the amount of analyte-Bioreceptor
interactions.
Example: Photo diode, Thermister, Ph Electrode, Quartz Electrode etc

12. 4. Electronics: This converts analogue signals into the Digital form.
Consists of Complex Electronic Circuit That perform the amplification and
conversion of signal.
5. Display: Consists of user interpretation system like Liquid crystal
Display of computer or a direct printer that generates numbers or curves
understandable by user.
• Consists of Hardware and software
• Out put signal on display may be Numerical, Graphical, Tabular or
image depending on requirement of user

13. Working:
a. Bioreceptor b.Transducer c.Amplifier d.Processor e.Display

14. • Biosensors are operated based on the principle of signal transduction.
• The components used in designing of biosensor include a bio-
recognition element, a biotransducer and an electronic system
composed of a display, processor and amplifier.
• The bio-recognition element, essentially a bioreceptor (enzyme, DNA,
cell, antibody), is immobilized by conventional methods (physical or
membrane entrapment, non-covalent or covalent binding).
• This immobilized biological material is in intimate contact with the
transducer and allowed to interact with a specific analyte.

15. • The transducer measures heat, gas(O2), electrons or
hydrogen as the result of interaction and outputs a
signal.
• The intensity of the signal output is proportional to
the concentration of the analyte.
• The signal is then amplified and processed by the
electronic system.

16. Advantages :
• Rapid and Continuous measurement
• High specificity
• Less usage of reagents for calibration.
• Fast response time.
• Measurement of non polar molecules

17. Types:
• Enzyme biosensors.
• Whole cell biosensors.
• Immuno sensors.
• DNA biosensors.
• Colorimetric biosensors.
• Optical biosensors.
• Potentiometric biosensors.
• Conductometric Biosensors

18. Applications:
1. In food Processing, Monitoring, Food authenticity, quality & safety.
2. Glucose monitoring in Diabitic patients
3. Environmental applications-pesticides & Rever water contamination.
4. Remote sensing of air borne bacterias
5. Drug residue in food
6. Drug discovery and evaluation of biological activity of new compounds
7. Crime detection
8. Medical diagnosis
9. Ozone biosesnsing.