Biotechnology combines biology and technology to modify or make products. Karl Krkey is considered the father of biotechnology for describing using biological processes to boost agricultural production in 1919. Some early uses of biotechnology principles include making bread and curd 4000 BC and wine/beer 6000 BC. Major fields include animal, medical, industrial, and environmental biotechnology. Pharmaceutical biotechnology is the science of producing biological drugs using microorganisms, cells, or tissues and includes cytokines, enzymes, hormones, vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, and drug delivery applications.