Cephalosporins are a large group of antibiotics derived from the mold Acremonium (previously called Cephalosporium). Cephalosporins are bactericidal (kill bacteria) and work in a similar way to penicillins.

1. CEPHALOSPORINEs
PRESENTED BY:
MR. ABHAY RAJPOOT

2. CEPHALOSPORINS
 They are group of semisynthetic antibiotics derived from
cephalosporin – C obtained from a fungus Cephalosporium.
 Cephalosporins are bactericidal beta-lactam antibiotics. They inhibit
enzymes in the cell wall of susceptible bacteria, disrupting cell
synthesis

3. MECHANISM OF ACTION
 It binds to bacterial enzymes that are necessary for the formation of
the cell wall hence being bactericidal.

4. Classification
 First generation eg- cefazolin, cephradine
 Second generation eg- cefaclor, cefoxitin
 Third generation eg- cefotaxime , cefixime

5. Dosage
 Adult- 500mg-1gm IM or IV 6-8hrly

6. indications
 Respiratory tract infections
 Post operative chest infections
 Empyema and lung abscess
 Urinary tract infections
 Pyelonephritis
 Septicaemia
 Endocarditis
 Osteomyelitis
 Septic arthritis
 Pelvic abscess

7. Contraindication
 Allergy
 Pseudo membrane colitis
 Premature and infants

8. Side effects
 Allergic reactions
 Depressed haematopoiesis
 Candidiasis
 Convulsions
 Thrombocytopenia
 Nephrotoxicity
 GI upsets

9. Role of nurse
 Monitor kidney function
 Teach benefits of butter milk to minimise diarrheal
 Monitor blood glucose level
 Advise to avoid alcohol.

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