Reactions

1. BENZENE
CH CH
Cu Tube
(300º C)
NaOH
CaO (▲)
CH3
C
O
Cl
H2
/ Ni
c. H2SO4 / c. HNO3 (50º C)
H+ / KMnO4
OH
Cl
Mg
+
Cl
-
COOH
COOH
NO2
CH3
C
CH3
O
C
NH2
O
N
+
N
Cl
-
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
Abarajithan G.

2. ALCOHOL
CH3
C
OH
O
CH3
C
H
O
CH3
CH2
O
-
Na
+
CH3
C
O
O
CH2
CH3
CH2 CH2
CH3
CH2
Br
CH3
CH2
Cl
CH3
CH2
Cl
H
C
H
O
CH2 CH2
Na
dil. NaOH
HBr
i) LiAlH4 / dry ether
ii) H+ / H2O
C
H 3
C O
HO
CH3
CH2
NH2
CH3
C
OH
O
Abarajithan G.
Mg
2+
CH3
-
Cl
-
i)
ii) H+ / H2O

3. ALDEHYDE
CH3
CH
CH3
OH
CH3 COOH
CH3
CH
CH
CH
O
CH3
CH
CH2
C
OH O
H
CH3
CH2
OHCH3CH
Cl
Cl
CH3 CH3
CCH3
CN
OH
H
H+ / K2Cr2O7
Fehling’s
(A+B)
CH3 COO
-
Cu2O↓
CH3 COO
-
NH4
+
Tollens’ Reagent
[Ag(NH3)2]+
Ag (Silver Mirror)
(▲)
NaBH4
NaCN / HCl
CH3
CH2
OH
NH
N
C
CH3
H
NO2
NO2
NH
NH2
NO2
NO2
[1º alcohol]
+
1. LiAlH4
2. H+ / H2O
+Na+
Abarajithan G.

4. ANNILINE
NaNO2 / dil. HCl
(T = [0 – 5]º C)
NaNO2 / dil. HCl
(T > 10º C)
c. H2SO4
c. HNO3
(50º C)
Br2 / H2O
NaOH
Br2 / H2O
NH2
Br
NH
C
O
R
Br
NO2
NH
C
O
R
NH2
Br
Br
Br
OH
NH
R
NH2
NO2
NO2
O2N
NH2
Br
N
+
N
Cl
-
R-COCl
+
Abarajithan G.

5. C
CH
3
O
Cl
PHENOL
NaNO2 / dil. HCl
(T > 10º C)
NaOH
(Red Orange dye)
OH
NO2
NO2
O2N
OH
Br
Br
Br
OH
Br
N
N
OH
O
C
O
CH3
O
-
Na
+
R-X
O
R
NH2
N
+
N
Cl
-
OH
NO2
OH
Br
OH
NO2
+
+
Abarajithan G.

6. KETONE
CH3
CCH3 CN
OH
CH3
CH
CH3
OH
CH3 C CH
CH3
CH
CH3
OH
CH3
CH2
CH3
Hg2+ /
dil. H2SO4
CH3 C
CH3
CH3
OH
NaCN /
HCl
NH
N
C
CH3
CH3
NO2
NO2
NH
NH2
NO2
NO2
CH3
CCH
CO CH3
CH3
Abarajithan G.

7. CH3
C
CH3
O
CH3
C
C
O
O
H
CH3
CH2
CH3
CH3 C C
-
Na
+
CH3 C C
-
Cu
+
CH3 C C
-
Ag
+
CH3CC
Br
Br
Br
H
Br
CH3CC
Br
Br H
H
H
ALKYNE
alc. KOH
Br2 / CCl4 HBr
Na
+ H2 ↑
NaNH2
CH3 C C
-
Na
+
+ NH3 ↑
NH3 / CuCl
Tollens’ Reagent
[Ag(NH3)2]+
Unique
Reactions of
Terminal
Alkynes
CH3 C CH3
Br
Br
-Cu
-Ag
↓
↓
Abarajithan G.

8. DIAZONIUM
CHLORIDE
NaNO2 / dil. HCl
(T = [0 – 5]º C)
H3PO2 (▲)
H2O
CuCl / HCl
KI / I2
OH
D2O
N
N
OH
NH2
OH
O
DC
N
Cl
I
Abarajithan G.

9. ACID HALIDE
CH3
C
O
OH CH3
C
O
NH2
CH3
C
O
O
R
R OH
CH3
C
O
OH
CH3
C
O
NH
R
PCl5 (▲)
R-NH2
NH3
OH
C
CH3
O
O
C CH3
O
Abarajithan G.

10. ALKYL HALIDE
CH3 CH2
OH
CH3 CH2
Cl
CH2 CH2
CH3 CH2
CN
Mg
2+
CH2
-
CH3
Cl
-
CH3 CH2
OH
anhydrous AlCl3
HClPCl5 (▲)
CH2 CH2 alc KCN
dil. H2SO4
CH3
CH2
COOH
Na / ethanol
cold dil. NaOH
CH2
CH3
CH2
CH2
NH2
CH3
Abarajithan G.